Song Dynasty calligraphers: Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Cai Xiang (character), Mi Fei, Cai Jing, Zhao Ji, Lu You, Yue Fei, Qin Gui, Zhao Gou, Zhang Angzhi, Zhang Xiaoxiang, Fan Chengda, Zhao Mengjian
Zhao Mengfu should also be counted, but later they became Yuan Dynasty
Mi Fu. At the beginning, Ou Yangxun and Liu Gongquan had tight fonts and strong strokes. Later, they were transferred to Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, who developed their posture and made their strokes vigorous and refreshing, calling themselves "brush words".
Mi Fei has a unique understanding of the distribution, structure and use of calligraphy. It is required to be "stable, not strange, not old and not fat", that is, to achieve unity in change, and to integrate opposing factors such as wrapping and hiding, fat and thin, sparse and dense, simplicity and complexity. In terms of composition, we attach importance to the overall charm, give attention to the perfection of details, have a good idea, change with the situation in the writing process, and be ingenious. Mi Fei's pen-using characteristics are mainly that he is good at forming elegant and extraordinary momentum and calm and happy style in the positive side, leaning back, turning, and setbacks. The beginning of the word is often quite heavy, slightly lighter in the middle, and the side of the pen turns straight down when it meets a turning point. There are also many changes in the pen-holding. Sometimes the focus of the next pen is on the pen, sometimes it is on the pen, sometimes it is in the middle of a pen, and there are twists and turns for a long horizontal painting. Hooks are also distinctive. In Mi Fei's calligraphy, there is always a leaning posture. He wants to be left first and right first, and he wants to praise first and restrain first, all in order to increase the ups and downs and the flying style.
Mi Fei makes good use of "brush pen", which is dry and moist, full of pen power and fierce momentum, and it is almost unconstrained. Moreover, because all his cursive scripts are genuine, he pointillism is accurate. For example, the representative works in his later years, Hongxian Poetry and Duojinglou Poetry Album, etc.
Mi Fei's calligraphy ink handed down from generation to generation includes Elegy to the Empress Dowager, Shu Su Tie, Tiaoxi Shi Tie, Bai Zhong Yue Ming Tie, Hongxian Shi Juan, Nine Cao Shu Tie, Duojinglou Shi Tie and so on. Mi Fei's calligraphy, with running script as the highest achievement, is bold and unrestrained, and strict with statutes.
Su Shi (137 ~ 111) was good at calligraphy and painting besides writing poems and essays. He visited various schools in the Jin and Tang Dynasties in calligraphy, and became a school of his own. He was good at running script and regular script, and his brushwork was full of bones and strength, with natural ups and downs. His handed down books include Huangzhou Cold Food Poem Post, Chibi Fu, Appreciation for Folk Teachers' Papers Post, Dongting Spring Colors, Zhongshan Songlao Two Fu Volumes and so on. Dongpo's achievements in the history of books are very high: he ranks first in Song Sijia; His Huangzhou Cold Food Post is known as the third running book in the world.
Huang tingjian (145 ~ 115), one of the four bachelor's degrees in Sumen, was the founder of Jiangxi Poetry School. He was as famous as Su Shi before his death and was known as Su Huang in the world. Huang Ting is skilled in calligraphy, and is good at walking and cursing, taking advantage of side risks and gaining momentum, and has a unique style. Ink marks include Hua Yan Shu and Song Feng Ge Poems.
Cai Xiang (112 ~ 167) was good at calligraphy such as seal script, brush script, script script, official script, script script and cursive script, and learned from Yan Zhenqing, with a strict structure and a magnificent physique. The running script is charming, chic and simple. On books, it pays attention to spirit, qi and rhyme, and advocates ancient methods. He inherited the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty and initiated the new style of the Song Dynasty. There are ink records of Tea, Tree of Peony, Notes to Chief Du, Poems from Self-writing, Poems from Self-writing, stone carvings of Wan 'an Bridge, Days of Jin Tang and so on.
Cai Jing (147 ~ 1126) had wonderful calligraphy. Cai Xiang and Xu Jihai, the first teachers, soon abandoned them and changed to Shen Chuanshi, but they rejected them, changed to Ou Yangxun, and changed to the "two kings", learning from others' strengths and becoming a whole. His calligraphy style is charming, his words are vigorous, he is happy and calm, and he has a unique style. Yuan Taojiayi's Book History Meeting was quoted by critics at that time. "Its word is strict and informal, and it is nothing more than a rule. The book is like a crown sword, and it is discussed above the temple; Running script is like a noble son, full of enthusiasm and brilliance; The crown of big characters is the highest in the world, and there are few horses. " It can reflect Cai Jing's position in calligraphy art at that time. At that time, when people talked about his calligraphy, they often used the words "peerless" and "unparalleled". Even Mi Fei once said that his calligraphy was not as good as Cai Jing's. It is said that once Cai Jing chatted with Mi Fei, Cai Jing asked Mi Fei, "Who is the best in calligraphy today?" Mi Fei replied: "After Liu Gongquan in the late Tang Dynasty, you and your brother Cai Bian have to be counted." Cai Jing asked, "What's next?" Mi Fei said, "Of course it's me."
Cai Jing's surviving books include Poem Inscription of Caotang, Jiefu Post, Palace Envoy Post and so on.
Zhao Ji (182 ~ 1135) (Song Huizong) was not only good at painting, but also had high attainments in calligraphy. On the basis of learning from Xue Yao and Chu Suiliang, Zhao Ji's calligraphy has created a unique "thin gold body", which is thin and smooth, with a side like a blue bamboo, which is in harmony with his meticulous paintings. Thin gold book means that its book is golden, rich and righteous, and it also boasts of its strength. There are many calligraphy works handed down from generation to generation by Zhao Ji. All kinds of calligraphy works, such as Kai, Xing and Cao, remain in the future generations, and their brushwork is vigorous and elegant, with distinctive personality. Among them, the poem "Poems of Fang Yi Cui Calyx" with sharp brushwork and elegant style is a masterpiece of Song Huizong's thin gold book. However, Song Huizong's calligraphy has the shortcomings of being gentle and charming and frivolous, which may be caused by the times and his own artistic accomplishment. However, the unique artistic personality of his thin gold body is imitated by later generations. ?