About the details of Shangguan Waner, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
First, the poems of Shangguan Waner
Visit princess Changning's flowing cup pool, drive Jixinfeng hot spring palace to present poems, drive Jisanhui temple system, and make colorful flowers in the inner hall during the spring banquet, complaining about colorful books.
Second, the life of the characters.
Born into a noble family
Shangguan Waner is a descendant of Shangguan Jie, Shangguan and Shangguan in the Western Han Dynasty. His great-grandfather Shangguan Xianguan was the magistrate of Youzhou in Northern Zhou Dynasty, his great-grandfather Shangguan Hong was the supervisor of Jiangdu Palace in Sui Dynasty, and his grandfather Tang Gaozong was the prime minister Shangguan Yi.
In the first year of Linde (664), Shangguan Yi was killed by Wu Zetian together with his father Shangguan Tingzhi for drafting the imperial edict to abolish Wu Zetian for Emperor Gaozong. The newborn Shangguan Waner and her mother Zheng Shitong did not hold any ceremony. During Ye Ting's slavery, under the careful training of her mother, Shangguan Waner was familiar with poetry books, not only able to recite poems and write articles, but also knowledgeable and intelligent.
The queen's favor
In the second year of Yifeng (677), Wu Zetian summoned Shangguan Waner, who was only fourteen years old, to give an examination on the spot. Shangguan Waner's words were written in an instant, without any points, and they were fluent in meaning, flowery in words and beautiful in language, which really seemed to be formed by rewelding. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and put him in charge of the imperial edict of the palace.
The epitaph lists him as a thirteen-year-old gifted scholar, which may be a title given by Wu Zetian in order to get rid of the handmaiden status. ]?
Later, Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor and ordered people with many hands to be called "housekeepers". Soon, Shangguan Waner was sentenced to death for violating her will, but Wu Zetian spared her literary talent and gave her Amnesty, which was just a slap in the face. In the future, Shangguan Waner served meticulously and catered to Qu Yi, which won the favor of Wu Zetian. ?
From the first year (696) (from the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the old Tang book was a sacred calendar year), he was given the power to handle the performance of Baisi and participate in government affairs. ?
Become Zhao Rong.
In the first year of Shenlong (705), Zhang Jianzhi and other ministers supported the imperial clan of Li Tang to launch a Shenlong coup, and Wu Zetian was forced to abdicate. After the Dragon Coup, Tang Zhongzong was restored, and Shangguan Waner was responsible for drafting letters, which won the trust. She was also honored as Mrs. Zheng, her mother.
Shangguan Waner also had many contacts with Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle, and repeatedly persuaded Wei Ruyun to tell the story of Wu Zetian. Therefore, Wei Ruyun asked people all over the country to mourn the mother who was abandoned by her father for three years. He also asked people all over the world to be adults at the age of 23, to be exempted from labor in 59 years, and to adopt a new system to collect people's hearts. Li Xian agreed.
Shangguan Waner recommended Wu Sansi to Wei Ruyun and took Wu Sansi into the palace. Therefore, Li Xian began to discuss politics with Wu Sansi, while Zhang Jianzhi and others were restrained by Wu Sansi. Soon, relying on the support of Queen Wei and Princess Anle, Wu Sansi successively designed and demoted five arrogant kings, including Zhang Jianzhi, Huan, Jinghui, Yuan and Cui Xuan. Shangguan Waner had an affair with her, and she often praised Wu Shi and suppressed the royal family in imperial edicts, which made Prince Li Zhongjun very angry. ?
In July of the first year of Jinglong (707), Li Duozuo, general of Li Zhongjun and Zuo Yulin, etc. , life more than three hundred people sent to, in his house to kill Wu Sansi, Wu Chongxun, punish pro-party more than ten people. They also led troops to cut through the Su Zhangmen, knocking on the cabinet door and searching for Shangguan Waner. Shangguan Waner hurriedly fled to Queen Hewei and threatened: "Seeing the prince means killing Shangguan Waner first, and then arresting the queen and your majesty in turn." In a moment of great anger, the Queen Wei took Shangguan Waner and Princess Anle to the Xuanwu Gate to avoid the soldiers, and made General You fly more than 2,000 people to the front of Taiji Hall, staying at home. Li Zhongjun was defeated and killed.
However, according to the epitaph, Shangguan Waner had remonstrated with Zhongzong four times and opposed the establishment of Princess Anle as the imperial concubine. From exposure, to resignation, to a haircut, she didn't get Tang Zhongzong's permission, and finally she remonstrated with her death. After drinking the poison, the doctor got emergency treatment to save his life.
Lead the style of writing
Shangguan Waner won the trust of Wei and devoted herself to internal affairs. Her grandfather's case was also rehabilitated. Shangguan Yi posthumously awarded the secretariat, the governor and the king of Chu, while Shangguan Tingzhi posthumously awarded the assistant minister of Huangmen, the secretariat and the king of Tianshui.
Since then, Shangguan Waner often persuaded Li Xian to set up a large number of bachelor's degrees in Zhaowen Museum, widely known as the minister of Ci studies in the current dynasty, and hosted banquets for entertainment many times, and wrote poems and sang songs. Every time he replaced Li Xian, Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle at the same time, and made several poems, which were beautiful and were sung by people at that time. For poems written by ministers, Li Xian asked her to evaluate them, and the first one was often awarded to Jin Jue, which was priceless. As a result, both inside and outside the imperial court, poetry and fu became a common practice. Shangguan Waner loves books and has collected more than 10,000 volumes, all of which are aromatherapy. A hundred years later, his books are scattered among the people, still fragrant and moth-free.
After the death of his mother Zheng, she was posthumously named Mrs. Jieyi. Wan'er was demoted to Jieyu as a sign of mourning and soon recovered.
Li Xian sent someone to chisel stones at the pond where Shangguan Waner lived. The carving was extremely poor, and he often invited ministers to feast. At that time, the palace was forbidden and spacious, allowing palace officials to enter and leave at will. Shangguan Waner bought a mansion with some palace officials, and often made contacts with them, and some people got high positions as a result. Cui _, assistant minister of Zhongshu, was taken for granted because she had an affair with Shangguan Waner in the villa. Soon, when Cui _ presided over the civil service election, he violated many regulations and was impeached by the suggestion Li Shang, who was demoted as a foreign Sima for his crime; It was also because of Shangguan Waner and Princess Anle that she was reinstated.
The coup was stifled.
In the fourth year of Jinglong (7 10), Princess Taiping became stronger and stronger, and Shangguan Waner was attached to Princess Taiping. In June, she died suddenly. Empress Wei arranged all the political posts, internal and external military forces and the power of the central imperial army for her followers and people, and all the political power fell into Wei's hands. Shangguan Waner and Princess Taiping drafted the testamentary edict, and made it crown prince, Li Dan as assistant minister, and Empress Wei as regent, in order to balance the forces of all parties. However, the prime ministers Zong Chuke and Wei Wen changed the imperial edict and advised Wei to follow the example of Wu Zetian.
Li Longji, the king of Linzi, discussed with Princess Taiping and decided to strike first. In July of 2 1 year, Li Longji launched a rebellion in Tang Long, and court officers and soldiers broke into houses, killing Wei Ruyun, Princess Anle and Wei Ruyun, and establishing his father Li Dan. Shangguan Waner greeted the imperial secretary with a candle, and showed Liu Youqiu the testamentary edict drawn up by her and Princess Taiping, proving that she stood with Li Tang's imperial clan. Liu Youqiu begged Li Longji for mercy with a testament, but Li Longji refused to let her kill Shangguan Waner. He was buried in Hongdu Hospital, Maodao Township, Xianyang County, Yongzhou. Princess Taiping was very sad. She sent someone to pay for a memorial service and paid 500 silks.
Jing Yun was renamed Zhao Ronghui Wen in July of the second year (7 1 1), posthumous title. However, according to the epitaph unearthed in September of 20 13, it can be confirmed that Shangguan Waner was buried in August of the first year of Tang Jingyun, and the cover of his epitaph has been engraved with the inscription of Shangguan Shi, the deceased of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, it can be confirmed that Shangguan Waner recovered her title shortly after her death, that is, when she was buried, not in July of Jing Yun two years after her death as recorded in historical records.
In the early years of Kaiyuan, Li Longji sent someone to collect the poems of Shangguan Waner, and compiled them into 20 volumes as Zhang Shuoxu. However, according to the preface of Zhang Wei's Collected Works of Tang Shangguan Shi and the contents of the epitaph, it should be compiled by Princess Taiping. In this collection of poems, The Whole Tang Poetry only contains 32 poems.
Third, anecdotes and allusions.
Weighing world
According to legend, when he was about to be born, his mother Zheng dreamed of a giant and gave her a name: "Call this the world." Zheng expected that it would be a boy, and he would be called a talented person in the world in the future. But he gave birth to a daughter and Zheng was very unhappy. This Wan'er has a beautiful face, but she is better than her mother. She was smart since she was a child, full moon. Zheng put his hand in his arms and joked, "Can you weigh the world?" Wan'er responded accordingly. Later, Wan'er devoted himself to internal affairs, and evaluated the poems of various countries on behalf of the imperial court. Indeed, he "weighed all the scholars in the world".
Hongmeizhuang
Duan recorded in Youyang Miscellanies: "Today's flowers decorated with women's faces originated in Shangguan and were made to hide people's eyes and ears." Shangguan Zhao Rong is Shangguan Waner. Duan's son's (or nephew's) section of the road is described in detail in the "Beifu Military Records": "Tian Hou (Wu Zetian) asked (Shangguan Waner) to lie under the skirt and write down what he said. One day, when the Prime Minister was looking at something, Zhao Rong sneaked a look and fell asleep (Tang Gaozong). When he retired from North Korea, he was very angry. He took an armor knife and stuck it in his face. He is not allowed to pull it out. Zhao Rong's poem "Draw a Sword and Beg". After that, it was Hanako who covered up the traces. " This theory comes from Chen Zangqi's Notes on Materia Medica, which is contemporary with Shangguan Waner, so it is more credible. However, in later records, the reason why Wan'er was hanged is even more mysterious.
In the ancient erotic novel The Secret of Crane Control, it is said that Wu Zetian relied heavily on Shangguan Waner, a confidant, and even did not shy away from her when she had sex with Zhang Changzong in bed. Shangguan Waner is not allowed to move, and Zhang Changzong's beauty makes her feel like a deer. One day, Wan'er and Zhang Changzong joked privately. Wu Zetian saw it, took out a golden knife, inserted it in Shangguan Waner's front bun, and injured her left forehead. She glared and said, "If you come near me, you should be put to death." Thanks to Zhang Changzong kneeling for her, she was pardoned. Wan'er had a scar on his forehead, so he stabbed a red plum blossom on the scar to cover it up, but it was more charming. Ladies-in-waiting all feel beautiful. Some people secretly follow suit and paint rouge on their foreheads. Gradually, this kind of red plum makeup is produced in the palace.
There is also a saying that Shangguan Waner disliked Wu Zetian's flirting with herself and closed the tunnel, which led to the destruction of the symbolic imperial power. Wu _ was furious and wanted to kill her. Before the execution in the palace, she changed her mind and gave Wan'er a chance to live, but she carved the word "imperial edict" on her forehead. In a word, these statements are not credible. ?
Wooden door temple poems
According to legend, Li Xian was banished to Shu Ren by his mother Wu Zetian and exiled to Bazhou, passing through Mumen (now Mumen Town, wangcang county, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province). He used to bask in the scriptures with the abbot at the Wooden Gate Temple. There are more than 700 Buddha statues carved on the boulder, which is called "Suning Jingshi". He wrote the poem "Mingyun was demoted to Bazhou, took Liang with him, sunned the ancient temple to his mother's liking, and lamented that Long Yun would not meet". Later, Shangguan Waner went to Bazhou to visit Li Xian. When she came here, she heard that Li Xian was killed, so she built a pavilion on the "Sunbathing Stone" (unfortunately destroyed by the war) and wrote a poem "From Banan to Jingzhou" on the pavilion, remembering Li Xian: "The rice warehouse is green, the rice warehouse is green, and the sunset is like tears. Guateng flower cotton melon ebbs and flows, unlike when in the square lane. "
Hosta flower god
Legend has it that Shangguan Waner often likes reading in front of flowers, especially in the summer evening, with the fragrance of Hosta flowers, savoring the wonderful sentences in the book. It is appropriate to take Shangguan Waner as the secretary of Jade Flower God. Her poems are as melancholy and sad as Hosta, lamenting the long-term banned life.
With the emperor
Shangguan Waner is the granddaughter of Tang Gaozong Prime Minister Shangguan Yi. In the first year of Linde (664), Shangguan Yi was killed by Wu Hou for drafting and abolishing the imperial edict of Wu Zetian. The newborn Shangguan Waner and his mother Zheng did not hold a ceremony. During Ye Ting's slavery, Shangguan Waner was familiar with poetry books, not only writing poems, but also knowing official affairs like the back of his hand.
In the second year of Yifeng, Shangguan Waner was summoned to the palace by Wu Zetian, and made a proposition on the spot, asking her to write according to the topic. Shangguan Waner was stopped in an instant. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and put him in charge of the imperial edict of the palace.
Soon, Shangguan Waner was sentenced to death for violating her will, but Wu Zetian spared her literary talent and pardoned her, only sentenced her face (marked on her face). In this section, historians have different views. It was said that in February of the year of Shengyuan, Wu Zetian abolished Zhongzong as the king of Luling and became the emperor himself. Yangzhou Sima Xu Jingye led hundreds of thousands of people to crusade against Wu Zetian. At that time, King Robin wrote "Fighting for Xu Jingye". Wan'er got it from imperial secretary, and he couldn't put it down, because he had a literary talent. In the conversation with Wu Zetian, Wan'er said that she should take good care of talents, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the female emperor.
On the other hand, it's strange. One day three years after the death of Wu Zetian, Wu Zetian and Toy Boy Zhang Changzong were having breakfast, and Shangguan Waner also sat down to eat. Suddenly, Wu Zetian raised her hand and pointed a sharp knife at Shangguan Waner's forehead. Originally, Shangguan Waner saw Zhang Changzong's eyes at dinner and was thrown a dagger by Wu Zetian. Shangguan Waner shouldn't secretly have an affair with Toy Boy and Zhang Changzong of Wu Zetian. Wu Shi was furious, but ordered Shangguan Waner to be locked up. But her heart is also very contradictory: she often gives orders to her, and she hardly needs to worry about Wu; If you don't kill, you can't swallow. So I decided to hang her and let her learn a lesson. Later, Shangguan Waner served carefully and won the favor of Wu Zetian.
In June of Jinglong four years, after Tang Zhongzong was poisoned by Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle, Shangguan Waner and Princess Taiping drafted the testamentary edict together, and made King Li Zhongmao the Crown Prince. In July, Li Longji, king of Linzi, led Yulin soldiers into the palace and killed Wei Hou and his henchmen. Clever Wan'er rushed out with imperial secretary and showed Li Longji the testamentary edict drafted by her and Princess Taiping, so as not to be executed. Li Longji looked at it and said, "This handmaiden is a demon, and she has desecrated the palace altar. I won't punish her today, so I regret it. " So he killed Shangguan Waner.
Although Li Longji killed Shangguan Waner with a sword, he still affirmed his literary attainments. After he acceded to the throne, he collected her works extensively and compiled them into twenty volumes. A generation of outstanding women will not be lost in the long river of history.