The rhetorical techniques used in ancient poetry include personification, exaggeration, repetition, parallelism, metonymy, pun, etc. So let me give you an example.
Verses that use various rhetorical techniques
Excellent lines that use personification techniques
I am moved to tears by the time spent, and the birds are frightened by the fear of farewell. ? (Tang Dynasty) Du Fu's "Spring Hope"
Candles are willing to say goodbye and shed tears for others until dawn. ?(Tang Dynasty) "Farewell" by Du Mu
The human face does not know where to go, but the peach blossoms still smile in the spring breeze.
(Tang Dynasty) Cui Hu's "Inscription on Nanzhuang of the Capital City"
Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. ?(Tang Dynasty) Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci"
Good rain knows the season, and spring will happen. Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently. ? (Tang Dynasty) Du Fu (Spring Night Joyful Rain)
A good sentence using exaggeration
The flow of water falls three thousand feet, and it is suspected that the Milky Way falls from the sky. ?(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai's "Looking at Lushan Waterfall"
The water in Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, and it is not as deep as Wang Lun's love for me. ?(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai's "Gift to Jiang Lun"
His white hair is three thousand feet long, and his fate is as long as his head. ?(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai's "Qiupu Song"
The dangerous building is a hundred feet high, and you can pick the stars with your hands.
(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai's "Sleeping in the Mountain Temple at Night"
Birds in thousands of mountains have disappeared, and all traces of people have disappeared. ?(Tang Dynasty) Liu Zongyuan's "Snow on the River"
The five ridges are meandering and the waves are rolling, and the fog is majestic and the mud balls are moving.
Mao Zedong's "Seven Rules: The Long March"
Beautiful sentences using the technique of duality
The lotus leaves connecting the sky are light and green, and the lotus flowers are uniquely red when reflecting the sun. ?(Song Dynasty) Yang Wanli "Sent Off to Lin Zifang from Jingci Temple at Dawn"
The sand in the desert is like snow, and the moon in Yanshan Mountain is like a hook.
(Tang Dynasty) Li He's "Horse Poems"
Two orioles sing in the green willows, and a row of egrets ascends to the blue sky.
Du Fu's "Quatrains"
With a cold eyebrow, he points his fingers at a thousand men, bowing his head and willing to be a Ruzi Niu. ?Lu Xun (Self-mockery)
Birds in thousands of mountains have disappeared, and all traces of people have disappeared. ? (Tang Dynasty) Liu Zongyuan's "Snow on the River"
The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear springs flow up the rocks. (Tang Dynasty) Wang Wei's "Mountain Dwelling in the Dark Autumn"
The mud melts and the flying swallows fly, and the sand is warm and the mandarin ducks sleep.
(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu's "Quatrains"
The golden sand water. The clouds and cliffs are warm when photographed, but the iron cables across the Dadu Bridge are cold. ?Mao Zedong's "Seven Rules, the Long March"
Good sentences using metonymy
The shadow of the lone sail (ship) in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen in the sky.
The war lasts for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
Do you know, do you know? It should be green (leaves) fat and red (flowers) thin.
The sun rises in the east and rains in the west. There is no clear sky (love) but there is sunshine (love).
Good sentences using puns
Spring silkworms will not die until their threads (thinking) are dead, and wax torches will turn to ashes before their tears dry up.
I lost my arrogance and Yang Jun lost his willow, and the willow flew straight up to the sky.
Good sentences using the questioning technique
Asking you how much sorrow you can have? It is like a river of spring water flowing eastward.
Ask how clear the canal is? Because there is a source of living water.
59. Good sentences using rhetorical questions
Since they are born from the same root, why rush to fight each other? (Three Kingdoms) Cao Zhi's "Seven Steps Poem"
If you can control the invasion of the mausoleum, how can you kill more .
(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu's "Leaving the Fortress"
Don't laugh when you are lying drunk on the battlefield. How many people have fought in ancient times. ?(Tang Dynasty) Wang Han's "Liangzhou Ci"
This song should only exist in heaven, and can be heard several times in the world.
(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu's "Giving Flowers to the Queen"
Good sentences using contrast techniques
If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be sad. ?(Han) Yuefu folk song "Long Song Xing"
Zhumen's wine and meat smell stinky, and there are frozen bones on the road. ?(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu's "Five Hundred Words of Empathy from Beijing to Fengxian County"
The warriors are half dead in front of the army, but the beauties are still singing and dancing under their tents. ? (Tang Dynasty) Gao Shi's "Yan Ge Xing"
How to appreciate the expression of poetry
1. Combining virtuality and reality. Regarding virtuality and reality, candidates must first clarify the types of virtuality, including: illusory worlds and dreams, memories of past scenes, and imagined future scenes. Secondly, it is necessary to clarify the usual methods of combining virtuality and reality, which mainly include: (1) Imagination. The creation of illusory worlds and dreams requires the help of imagination. At the same time, imagination must be completed with the help of rhetorical techniques such as personification and metaphor. (2) Contrast or highlight. The use of the combination of virtual and real means that the author compares or contrasts the past scene and the future scene with the current scene and current feelings, so as to set off the real scene with virtual reality. By comparing the past and present, you can express your inner feelings or express your thoughts on history and reality.
(3) Dual writing method, that is, using the writing method of moving the pen to the other person, starting from the other person's point of view, imagining how the other person misses you. This way of writing is more subtle and subtle than directly writing about thoughts, with deeper feelings and stronger artistic appeal.
2. Line drawing, rendering, and detailed description. (1) Line drawing. Use the simplest and most concise pen and ink without any elaboration, grasp the characteristics of the description object, and truthfully outline the mood, appearance and characteristics of the characters, events or scenery. (2) Rendering. Render a certain picture or a certain atmosphere by describing the scenery, and set off or express the author's emotions. (3) Detailed description. It refers to the description of subtle movements, expressions, language, objects, scenery and other small links that have a special role in expressing characters and plots. Simply put, it refers to detailed and characteristic portrait description, action description, language description or scene description. Using details to depict a character's unique personality is the most commonly used method of character description.
3. Use scenery (objects) to express emotions. It is to place the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in the scenery and express them through describing the scenery. Describe the scenery in the clear, use the scenery to induce emotions, and describe the emotions in the dark.
4. Support things to express aspirations. Expressing one's ambitions based on objects is the most important way of expression in poems about objects. Poets often do not directly express their thoughts and feelings, but integrate some of their own ideals and personality into some specific things, or reveal their attitude towards life, or express their feelings. Beautiful ideals, or hidden principles of life, etc.
5. Use allusions to express emotions. That is to quote historical facts and use allusions in ancient poems. Ancient poetry pays great attention to the use of allusions. Using allusions can not only refine the language of ancient poetry, increase the richness of content, vividness and implicitness of expression, but also have the effect of being concise, meaningful and thought-provoking, enhancing the expressiveness and appeal of ancient poetry.