The Lin Quan mentioned in this lecture refers to the material environment of life-the original ecological nature. Humans originate from nature and will eventually return to nature. They are themselves a part of nature.
Let’s first talk about the emotions of people and nature (that is, "Linquan").
Let’s take a look at Liang Shanzhou (1723-1815), a bachelor:
Do you have time for poetry and wine? Failure to throw away is the lake and the mountain.
Look at this couplet, "Do you have time to enjoy poetry and wine? You can't throw away the lakes and mountains." "Poetry and wine" require "leisure" to enjoy, and the nature of "lakes and mountains" is It's something you can't "throw away" no matter what. "Shijiu" is the end, and "Hushan" is the beginning. People often get too caught up in the "moment" of "poetry and wine", and instead forget the "origin" of "hushan". Therefore, the more "cultured people" who are educated by civilization, the more often they need to remind themselves - don't forget the "origin"?
? There is a popular saying that "no matter how big the storm is outside, you will not be afraid if your mother is here." It means that your mother can bring you inner peace. In fact, if we take a broader view, the nature of "lakes and mountains" should be the mother of human beings. "Poetry" can arouse people's grievances and temporarily calm your heart; "wine" can relieve sorrow and dull your heart and make your heart temporarily numb. But what can make your heart truly and long-term peaceful should be this infinite meaning. , the endless load of "lakes and mountains" Mother Nature.
In this sense, when we look back at this couplet, "Do you have time for poetry and wine? If you don't throw it away, you will lose everything." Can we understand that poetry and wine are nothing but the human spirit? It's just opium, but lakes and mountains are the spiritual harbor of mankind.
In the real estate development in recent years, one type of property has been particularly popular - "lake view houses". Developers of all sizes are borrowing lakes when they have them or creating lakes when there are no lakes, allowing many people to realize their dream of "working in the city and living in the forest and springs". Let’s look at a flyer for a real estate project:
Next, look at Mr. Zhao Zhiqian (1829-1884):
A master is familiar with mountains, and he can always take pictures of bamboo.
In the first line of the first couplet, "Exalted people are naturally familiar with mountains." The "mountain" here can be understood as the original nature opposite to the bustling city.
In fact, everyone is familiar with mountains and is old friends with them. It's just that most people are too deeply involved in food, clothing, housing, transportation, fame and wealth, and often forget this old friend.
Look at the second line, "Old Possible Takes a Photo of Bamboo", this looks a bit smug. Wen Yu Ke is good at painting bamboo, Dong Shouping is also good at painting bamboo, and the bamboo painted by contemporary Mr. Leng Jun is even more realistic, and can crush high-resolution photos. Take a look at the following one:
However, even if the bamboo is "written" like the "real" one, what is there to show off?
This is because traditional Chinese literati attach great importance to honor and integrity, but what about bamboo? It's just section by section. "It is better to eat without fish than live without bamboo." To love bamboo is to cherish one's own reputation. "Being able to take pictures of bamboo" means that I cherish my reputation very much, so I like and understand bamboo best. Of course, I can draw bamboo in a beautiful way.
Let’s take a look at Mr. Fu Shan (1607-1684):
If the spring grass is as it pleases, Gao Yun agrees with it.
We often say, "Flowing water is intentional, falling flowers are ruthless." The "emotion" and "intention" here are subjective human emotions. Mr. Wang Guowei made it very clear in "Human Words": "In my state, I observe things with me, and the old things all have my color."
This couplet "The spring grass is as intentional as it is high." The same is true for "the clouds are my heart" - the vigorous vitality of the spring grass and the free flying of the high clouds make me emotional and unable to control myself. I always want to breathe with them and fight my destiny.
Next, look at Mr. Zuo Zongtang (1812-1885):
I know that there is a Mojie in your family, and I realize that I was hiding in Huashan.
The first couplet "I know you have Mojie in your family" comes from Huang Tingjian's seven-character ancient poem "Reply to the Landscape Pictures of Xu Daoning, the Prime Minister of Daoji Temple" written by Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty. The original poem's words are like the wind and sea waves in the sky, unrestrained and wanton, describing Understand the great painting skills of Xu Daoning, a great painter of the Northern Song Dynasty. The meaning of this sentence is - I really know that there is Wang Mojie (i.e. Wang Wei) in your family? Here Xu Daoning is compared to Wang Wei, a great painter and poet who is good at painting landscapes.
When such a landscape painting with the help of gods and exquisite brushwork is hung at home, it can be said that "the empty hall is surrounded by hills and valleys, and the plain walls are filled with forests and springs".
The second line of the second line, "Conscious that my predecessor is hidden in Huashan Mountain," comes from the seven-character poem "Eastern Li" written by Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty. The original poem is as follows:
The long road dwells deep in the day and hides the pass, and the east fence has never been planted. idle.
Every time I apply water to swim in a clear sleep, I realize that my past is hidden in Huashan.
Her hair always carries green wine, and her beauty is often admired by guests coming and going.
There is still no room for the medicine stove, so one or two Mao Ci rooms are planned to be built.
This sentence "consciously the predecessor is hidden in Huashan" is a step further than "the master is familiar with the mountain." , that is to say - I have been living in seclusion in Huashan in my last life, how can my feelings not be deep?
Let’s take a look at Mr. Zhang Ruitu (1570-1644):
The generals and ministers put the world in order and returned to the woods to fish and woodcutter.
This scene of "Rectifying the affairs of the world, generals and prime ministers, returning to rest in the woods and gullies to fish and woodcutters" was mentioned earlier in "In and Out". Here again I would like to mention this feeling of returning to nature - even if the tree is over a thousand feet tall, the fallen leaves will eventually return to their roots.
Next, let’s look at Zhang Jianxun (1848-1913), a champion:
To make a living, he bought three hectares of clouds in the past, and half a nest of cranes in the new one.
This couplet is written in a fairy-like manner. "To make a living, you have to buy three hectares of clouds" - I have spent money to buy a beautiful land and water. Now that my family and state affairs have been settled, I am enjoying myself in it. "The newly divided crane and half the nest are divided into half nests" - Old man, guess where I will sleep at night? You won't guess. Let me tell you - I squeezed into the crane's nest and spent every day with the cranes dreaming about butterflies, not knowing the whiteness of the East.
Let’s take a look at Mr. Yuan Kewen (1890-1931):
Move flowers and butterflies arrive, buy stones and get clouds.
This couplet is similar to the previous couplet, "Move the flowers and the butterflies arrive, buy the stones and get the clouds."
Butterflies love flowers, and I love clouds, but the white clouds are home all over the world and are erratic, so how can we get close to them? Hey, yes, if I run away, the monk can't run away from the temple. If I can't catch the cloud, I can't catch the mountain? Because clouds love mountains! I'll just buy a piece of the mountain.
? "Buishi" here means "buying mountains".
Next, let’s look at Mr. He Shaoji (1799-1873):
Who says there is a strategy to manage the world, but there is no money to buy a mountain.
This is a bit painful to write, "Who says you can manage the world with a plan, but you just don't have the money to buy a mountain?" - Although I go to work every day to serve the people, my level is actually not very good. You know, I really can't help it. If I want to buy a piece of landscape to enjoy myself, I have to make money first!
Without financial freedom, who can be truly free? If you want to spend money to buy freedom, you must first make money to sell freedom.
Let’s take a look at Mr. Wang Fuchang (1879-1960):
However, when poems are added to the preface of festivals, the mountains and rivers can be used as a drunken hometown.
The first couplet "But when the festival is preceded by a poem", it comes from a poem written by Fan Cheng, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, during the winter solstice. "Poem Axis" means - to be in a happy mood, to compose poems when happy, poetry is my life, and my life is poetry. Solar terms and timing are exactly a node, and each node has to sort out its own poem and review and summarize it.
The second line of the second line "Begging for the mountains and rivers to be a drunken hometown" comes from the words of Liu Yizhi, a poet in the Song Dynasty. The original sentence is "Bringing the wind and moon back to the poem sǒu, begging for the mountains and rivers to be a drunken hometown", which means ——Finally found a good landscape, where you can relax and enjoy your life.
Next, let’s look at Mr. Gao Yuxun (1877-1956):
The long spring stone has a free and easy ambition, and only nourishes the spring clouds and the free heart.
Shan, I like this kind of life.
The second couplet "Only nourish the spring clouds and feel at ease" comes from Qijue "Late Spring" written by Zhang Wentao in the Qing Dynasty. The original poem is as follows:
Break the mystery and abolish Liuren, open the jiōng door and enter the mountain deep.
Cultivating immortals and worshiping Buddhas is a lot of troubles, but only cultivates a free heart.
This poem is saying - no need for Qimen Dunjia, taking medicine to make elixirs, burning incense and chanting Buddha's name, even the regular ethical teachings. Breaking and breaking free of these cultural shackles that humans have created to bind themselves, and being as free as the clouds in spring, is the best way to nourish one’s nature and enjoy one’s life!
When we read "Zhuangzi", we can find that thousands of words in it seem to have this meaning. Let's look at two paragraphs in the "Autumn Waters" chapter:
First: The four legs of an ox and a horse are called heaven; the horse's head is tied around its head and its nose is pierced, which is called a human being. Therefore, it is said: "There is no reason to destroy heaven, no reason to destroy life, no reason to die for fame. To be careful and not to lose is to go against the truth."
We see that Zhuangzi is laughing at human beings. ——I have used culture to cover my head and wear my nose.
Second: Zhuangzi fished in the Pu River. The king of Chu sent two officials to go ahead and said: "I hope the territory will be exhausted!" Zhuangzi held the pole and ignored it, saying: "I heard that there is a magical turtle in Chu, and it has been dead for three thousand years. The king wore a scarf (sì) and Hidden above the temple.
This turtle, would he rather die to save his bones? Wouldn't it be better for him to be alive and drag his tail in the middle of the painting? The second doctor said: "I would rather be born and drag my tail to the middle." Zhuangzi said: "Go!" I will drag my tail in the paint. ”
Let’s see how carefree Zhuangzi is who “drags his tail in the mud”!
Let’s look at Mr. He Shaoji (1799-1873) One pair:
The day is long and the harp is under the thatched eaves, and the rivers and lakes are in front of the bamboo hat at the end of the year.
Look at the first couplet, "The day is long and the harp is under the thatched eaves." Love will never grow old. The days are long without any worries, just playing the piano and drinking under the eaves all day long.
Look at the second line, "Suiwan in front of the bamboo hat", "Suiwan" is "Late age" means that I am older and no longer care about worldly affairs. At this time, green bamboo hats and green coir raincoats are surrounded by rivers and lakes. The bright moon and gentle breeze are always accompanying me, and the slanting wind and drizzle do not need to return. What a comfortable day this is. !
Let’s look at the words of Mr. Qian Nanyuan (1740-1795):
Books are not medicines but can cure customs, and their home is near Yunshan.
? The first line "Books are not medicines, they can cure customs" is easy to understand. The second line "Home is close to Yunshan and you can live a good life". It can be used as a real estate advertising slogan.
Look at Gao Gao kǎi below. 1769-1839) Sir:
I am so proud to go to Linquan when I am looking for books.
The first and second couplets here are both from the poems of Huang Tingjian of the Northern Song Dynasty. The first couplet is "Xian". "Looking for books should have many flavors" is clear and easy to understand, so I won't say more.
The second couplet "I am so proud to enter the forest and spring" comes from Qilu's "Reply to Pan Xiucai's Meeting at Longmen". The original poem is as follows:
I am so proud to have entered the forest and spring before I was forty years old.
The bright moon and clear breeze are not ordinary things. The light-furred and fat horses thanked Cao.
There are yellow chrysanthemums and Luo in the mountains. Whose family has no white wine?
When autumn comes, Yichuan is clear and the stone buildings are high.
Nowadays, people often feel embarrassed and unwilling to see people when they retire from office. People. The "Pan Xiucai" here must have posted on WeChat Moments and sent a message to Huang Tingjian.
This is Mr. Huang's reply to Pan Xiucai's freedom. Happiness, Mr. Huang can really be said to be envious and jealous - look at this person, he is 40 years old, not old, in good health, saying "goodbye" to the official family, leaving the light fur and fat horse, embracing the bright moon and breeze, the water is rich and the fish are Jumping, the sky is high and the birds can fly, how happy it is! ?
? Finally, look at Mr. Yang Xian (1819-1896):
Looking at the clouds and smiling proudly, looking sideways at the world. Fishing woodcutter.
This couplet is really bold and unrestrained.
Look at the first couplet, "Looking at the clouds and smiling proudly", this heart, this courage, It's really great.
Looking at the second line based on the first line, "The old fisherman looking sideways to the world", although he is "looking out" and "smiling proudly", he is not arrogant or arrogant. Get carried away.
Why do you say "sideways"? I think this is a humble attitude - nature is everyone's nature, everything is created equal, and there is nothing for human beings to be arrogant about. Shaanxi people have two simple and straightforward sayings: His eldest uncle and his second uncle are all his uncles, and the high tables and low benches are all made of wood. There is a sentence in the "Natural Legend" column of CCTV10 that is profound and elegant: Every life is an immortal legend, and behind every legend there is a wonderful story.
Looking at "Old Fisherman and Woodcutter" as a whole, can we understand it this way:
We are disciples of deer and fellow flowers.
The fishermen eat it, the woodcutter burns it.
There are three thousand pieces of weak water, but only one scoop can be taken.
As long as you have enough food and clothing, everything will be fine.
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