Multiple choice skills in poetry appreciation

Throughout the previous college entrance examination poetry appreciation questions, six question-and-answer modes can be roughly summarized: 1. Analyze the artistic conception type of 1 and ask the question: (1) What artistic conception did this poem create? (2) What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express? 2. Answer analysis This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions. Therefore, the relationship between all scenery and emotion belongs to this kind of problem. Step 1: Describe the picture shown in the poem. Candidates should pay attention to the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, we must be faithful to the original poem, recreate it with our own association and imagination, and strive for beautiful language. Step 2: Summarize the characteristics of scenery creating atmosphere. General norms are expressed by two disyllabic adjectives. For example: loneliness and cold, tranquility and beauty, magnificence and bleakness. * * Pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery. Step 3: Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sadness", but to answer why he is sad. 4, answer two examples of quatrains (1) Du Fu is late and beautiful, and the spring breeze is fragrant. Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach. Note: This poem was written by the author when he temporarily stayed in Du Fu's Caotang after "four tours at one year old". Q: What kind of scenery does this poem depict? How to express the poet's feelings? Please analyze it briefly. A: This poem depicts a charming scene of early spring (a summary of seasonal characteristics, followed by a colon): the sun is shining in spring, the fields are green, the river reflects the sun, the spring brings the fragrance of flowers and plants, the mud is wet, swallows are busy building nests with mud, the sun is shining, the beach is warm, and Yuanyang can't sleep on the sandbar; (1) Create beautiful spring scenery; The second step shows the poet's happy and leisurely mood after he settled in exile. (Step 3) 5. Gong Yi Zen Room Meng Haoran Gong Yi practiced Zen silence and settled in an empty forest. The outdoor scenery is close to the peak and the front steps are deep. The setting sun is full of rain, the sky is gray and gloomy. Look at the lotus net, and you will know that you are not stained. Note: Gong Yi is a monk, and this poem describes the environment around his meditation room. Q: What are the characteristics of the surrounding environment of Gong Yi Zen Temple? What's the use of writing such an environment? A: The meditation room is surrounded by an empty forest, with beautiful peaks facing the door and valleys facing the steps. When the sun sets, when it rains, the mountains are particularly clean, and water vapor falls, making the courtyard cooler; This environment is as spotless as a lotus flower, and it is unsurpassed; It sets off Gong Yi's elegant and noble style, elegant mood and unique mind, and entrusts the poet's seclusion feelings. Second, what kind of expression is used in the poem 1 and 1? (2) Please analyze the expressive techniques (or artistic and rhetorical techniques) of this poem. How does the poet express his feelings? What's the effect? 2. Solving and analyzing expression skills are the means and methods used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must master the expression skills used for a long time. Divided into lyrical techniques, descriptive techniques and rhetorical techniques. There are two kinds of lyrical techniques: direct lyricism and indirect lyricism (lyricism by borrowing scenery, lyricism by holding things, lyricism by using allusions, etc.). ), focusing on indirect lyricism. Description techniques mainly include: foil, realism, contrast, sketch, sports and so on. Rhetorical devices that often appear in ancient poems include metaphor, personification, exaggeration, pun, allusions, rhetorical questions, irony and so on. 3. The first step in answering the question: accurately point out what kind of technique is used. (pay attention to comprehensive consideration and accurate views. Sometimes in order to reduce the difficulty of the exam, the topic has clearly pointed out that it should be appreciated from a certain angle, so this step is unnecessary. The second step: explain how the master used this technique with poems. (This step is the first demonstration, and it must be combined with the original poem. Step 3: How can this technique effectively convey the poet's feelings? (that is, returning to the theme, the role of answering skills on the theme) 4. Earlier, Chen exposed camel color and light, and the stars were particularly dry. Lonely and small, dreaming, the grass insects in the depths of rice fields are singing. Q: What is the main expression of this poem? What's the effect? A: This poem mainly uses the method of contrast. (the first step) the sky is not bright, and the stars are vertical and horizontal, especially bright, which sets off the darkness of the night; The sound of grass insects reflects the silence of the environment. (Step 2) The two contrasts highlight the poet's early travel, and express his inner loneliness caused by wandering. (Step 3) 5. The whiter Du Fu's bluebird is, the blue-and-white mountain is burning. This spring is coming to an end. When will I go home? Q: This poem was written by Du Fu after he entered Shu. The first two sentences are embedded in the beautiful landscape painting in the frame. Please analyze the artistic techniques used in this poem and its artistic effect. A: This poem uses the technique of setting off. With Jiang Bi lining bird white, mountain green lining flower red, the color is bright and beautiful, and the scene is fresh. The whole poem expresses sadness with joyful scenes, expresses the splendid spring, and better reflects the poet's deep homesickness and unique feelings. Three. Analysis of Language Features 1, Question Style (1) What is the language feature of this poem? (2) Please analyze the language style of this poem. (or talk about the language art of this poem) 2. Answer analysis This question type does not need to ponder the ingenuity of individual applications since then, but tastes the language style shown by the whole poem. Generally, the words that can be used to answer are: (two disyllabic adjectives) fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous and popular, easy to understand, colloquial, euphemistic and implicit, bold and bold, euphemistic in style, concise and vivid ... Step 1: Accurately point out the language features with one or two words. Step 2: Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem. Step 3: point out how the author's feelings are expressed. 4, the answer is an example of spring resentment Gai Jiayun propping up the yellow, don't cry on the branches. They woke her up when she dreamed that she went to meet him in Liaoxi camp. Q: Please analyze the linguistic features of this poem. A: The language of this poem is fresh and natural, and it is often mentioned. (Step 1) "Yellow" is a kind of children's voice, which shows the innocence of women; "They woke her up when she was dreaming, saying that she went to the camp in western Liaoning to meet him there." In simple language, the oriole was beaten because it disturbed her dream of missing her husband. (Step 2) This naturally shows a woman's longing for her husband. (Step 3) 5. Consolidate and practice Bai Juyi, a night thinker in Handan East. Every day in Yi Li, Handan, I am accompanied by a lamp holding my knees. If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers. Q: How did the author write Homesickness? What are the characteristics of language? A: The author expresses his homesickness through imaginary pictures, that is, the family sits around the lamp in the middle of the night and talks about themselves as a long-distance traveler. The language of poetry is unremarkable. Iv. Refined font 1, questioning method (1) What is the most vivid word in the X couplet? Why? (2) There is a saying that has always been praised. Why? (3) What do you think about X? 2. Answer Analysis Shen Deqian once said: "The ancients did not abolish the method of refining Chinese characters, but won by intention, not by words. So it is possible to see strange words, dangerous words, new words and plain words. " Judging from many examples of poetry, the refinement of successful words is closely combined with the meaning of refinement. To refine Chinese characters is to make "meaning"-the author's subjective feelings, and the life expressed in his works concrete, vivid, profound and aesthetic. Only by extracting concrete and vivid words with aesthetic connotation and enlightening significance can "meaning" infect people. Exquisite characters have certain rules to follow: five words refine the second word: "The bamboo washerwoman comes home, and the lotus leaves yield before the fishing boat." Five words extract the third word: "a stream sings on the winding rock, and the sun is reconciled by pines." The fifth word refined from the five characters: "The grass grows in a quiet public house, and the flowers fall into the court." Two to five words are extracted from five words: "Until the bank at low tide widens and there is no wind to stir my lonely sail." Seven words are refined: "The mountain enters Baijiasha Garden at dusk, and the tide gives birth to the sea and wild pond spring." Seven words are refined into the fifth sentence: "The waves between the rivers are also in the sky, and the clouds cover the fog." The seventh sentence of the seven-character refinement: "The spring boat sits in the sky, and the old flowers are like fog." The 25 th word of the seven-word refinement: "Fish moves with the shadow of the moon, and birds spit flowers to send trees to leisure." From the part of speech, the refined words of ancient poetry generally include verbs, adjectives, quantifiers and function words. (See the previous section: words worthy of attention) 3. Step 1: Explain the meaning of this word in the sentence. Step 2: Expand the association and put the words into the original sentence to describe the scene. The third step: point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of feelings it expresses. 4, the answer example Nanpu Bie Bai Juyi Nanpu sad, west wind autumn. Turn back immediately, my heart is broken, so I can leave and don't look back. Q: According to the predecessors, the word "Kan" seems ordinary, but in fact it is very vivid and can truly reveal the image of the lyric hero. Do you agree with this view? Why? A: I agree. The word "look" in poetry refers to looking back. (Step 1) I leave people behind and often look back. Every time I look back, I feel deeply grieved. This word makes us seem to see the image of the lyrical hero with misty eyes, but he wants to see it but dares not. (Step 2) Just the word "look" vividly shows the sadness of parting. (Step 3) 5. Consolidate and practice magnolia. Song Qi Dongcheng gradually feels that the scenery is good and the blue waves are rippling to welcome guests. Poplar smoke is lighter than Han Xiao, and the branches of red apricots are full of spring. Floating growth hates less pleasure, but is willing to love a daughter and smile. Drink for you to persuade the sunset, and leave a photo among the flowers all night. Q: The word "Noisy" in the poem "Red Apricot Branches in Spring" has always been praised by people. Do you think it is used well? Why? A: The word "noisy" used by the author not only makes people feel that apricot flowers are blooming enthusiastically, but also reminds people that bees and butterflies are dancing among the flowers, and spring birds are singing, vividly showing a scene full of spring and vitality, which is naturally wonderful. V. "One word leads the whole poem" style 1, one word is the key to the whole poem, why? 2. Answering and analyzing ancient poetry is very particular about conception. Often a word or a word constitutes the clue, emotional tone and thought of the whole poem. Therefore, grasping this word proposition can often test the examinee's grasp of the whole poem. 3. The function of the word answer direction (1) in the structure of poetry. (2) The role of words in highlighting the main idea. Step 1: What did you write? The second step: the role played. The example of answering questions is the same as that of Master Chu Hao. Seeing the mountain off to Beijing, Liu Zongyuan was like a sword on the seaside, and Qiu Lai gave up his heart everywhere. If it becomes hundreds of billions, spread it to the top and see your hometown. Climbing the cliff could have been the only tall building in Li Deyu, overlooking the Imperial City, but it was still a half-year journey. Qingshan seems to want to keep people living, and it is around the county seat. Q: Both poems have the word "Wang". In the first sentence, Li's "hope" actually dominates the whole article, which not only expresses his nostalgia and yearning for the monarch, but also contains his unreachable sadness for the imperial city. Liu Shi's "hope". A: The last sentence, written in vain on the summit, is closed, which not only shows the yearning for hometown, but also expresses the eager expectation for "friends and relatives in Beijing" to lend a helping hand. 6. Practice of consolidating Huzhou songs (Southern Song Dynasty). Wang Yuanliang looks to Yanyun in the north, and the great river goes to the water. The sun sets outside Western jackdaw, in four hundred states. Q: Briefly analyze the role of the word "Wang" in poetry. Answer: It plays a leading role in the description of the whole poem. 6. Different opinions 1, questioning methods (1) Some people think so, others think so, what do you think? (2) Some people are keen to use a word well, while others think that a word is not used well. what do you think? 2, answer analysis to answer such questions, the direction of thinking is mainly the effect of technique and expression. First of all, we must determine a point of view, and then find some key reasons according to the content analysis of the original poem, and answer them respectively. 3. The example of answering questions is the same as Li Bai's Yueyang Tower in the summer of 12. It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month. Clouds fall, cups rise to the sky. The cool breeze rising after drunkenness, blowing the sleeves with the wind, we will return. Q: Some versions of the sentence "Wild geese lead you to worry" are read as "Wild geese don't go to Qiu Jiang". Which sentence do you think is better and why? A: The phrase "geese pluck their hair" is better. Because this sentence uses personification rhetoric, it writes Li Bai's happy mood of being forgiven in exile. The wild goose seems to deliberately take away the sadness for the poet. The next sentence says that Junshan is affectionate and brings a good moon to the poet. Sadness goes to joy, and it sets each other off into interest. "Worry" is more emotional than "Don't Qiu Jiang". (Answer "Don't go to Qiujiang to be a wild goose", which is also reasonable. 4. Consolidate the practice of fisherman Liu Zongyuan. Fishermen still stay in the west rock lodge, and small incense burns Chu and Zhu. The sun disappears like a cloud, and the sound of sculls comes from green mountains and green waters. I turned around and saw waves coming from the sky, and no clouds met on the rocks. Q: In the last two sentences of the poem, Su Dongpo thinks "no need". Do you agree with him? Why? A: I agree. Deleting two plain and carefree sentences will make the poem end with a strange sentence "Only the creak of his paddle is in the green mountains and rivers", which not only makes me feel memorable, but also makes me more interesting. Or answer: I disagree. The last two sentences are a lingering fragrance of the whole poem. Only when the "unintentional" "white clouds" are chasing each other can we know its loneliness. Deletion affects the expression of loneliness. Seven. Compare the appearance of two poems or words of appreciation type 1 and questioning method (1), and compare them from the aspects of content, theme, technique and so on, as well as with the learned text poems. (2) Tell the same or different points. Some refer to atmosphere and emotion, and some refer to the comparison of styles and methods. 2. The answer analysis is based on the original poem, and the reasons should be found from the original poem. 3, the answering steps first explain the original sentence related to poetry, Central Europe, cross-eyed; List a few more answers. The key is to grasp their differences and let the original sentence speak for itself. 4. Answering the example of night travel notes, the dream sender, Xue Xiaoqing, started sleepwalking and didn't know where he was. An iron horse has no power like water. Xiangguan River, Yanmen West, Qinghai International. Sleeping in the cold light, the sound is broken, and the window paper is inclined. Who knew he was named Hou in Wanli? Although the temple is broken, the heart is not dead. Q: Who knows the word "Wan Li self-sealed Hou"? ? Although the temple is broken, the heart is not dead. "Compared with Lu You's Nu Shu, what are the similarities and differences between the thoughts and feelings expressed by the two places? A: In common, both Ci and Poetry show the poet's patriotic ambition of resisting gold and serving the country, and his sad feelings of unfulfilled ambition and disillusionment. The difference is that words and expressions express their feelings that they are not understood, highlighting the mood of the Martyrs' Tomb Year. This poem focuses on the poet's grief and indignation at old age and physical decline. Regardless of the senior high school entrance examination or the college entrance examination, there is appreciation of poetry. The skills of answering the poetry appreciation questions are as follows: 1. Appreciation of ancient poetry is inseparable from three questions: 1. Write what? (Content), and how to write it? (Method) Third, why write? (Subject) If you know how to write ancient poems, you can answer them quickly and effectively. Second, the answer method 1, the elements of capturing information and grasping the basic information of poetry (1) The object and characteristic object of poetry are people, things, things and scenery. (2) The emotion and truth expressed by the author with the help of chanting objects. (3) The expression techniques used by the author to express the object of chanting things and expressing emotion. (List) 2. List: time, place, people, events: playing flute-breaking willow-homesickness. Emotion: homesickness, homesickness. Skills: Pick up things and express feelings. It is feasible to list ancient poems, but it should be noted that the information listed should be closely related to the questions raised in the questions, and play a role in providing analytical materials for solving the problems. Third, how to grasp the key words to capture effective information. What are the key words? Nouns in poetry (writing scenery, writing things, writing people) sometimes need to pay attention to the modifiers in front of nouns in order to figure out what they are writing. Verbs, adjectives and adjectives that can reflect the poet's painstaking efforts. Fourth, how to appreciate? Appreciation: the evaluation of content, image, expression skills, ideological content and the author's views and attitudes. What language, skill, expression, image and emotion are used in language and skill? Summarize and sort out the corresponding problem-solving ideas. Five, the basic ideas and steps of answering Chinese (fine words) questions 1. Explain the meaning of this word in sentence 2. Combine this poem and put this word in the original sentence to describe the scene or modality. Every time I read the word "look", I feel deeply grieved, as if I saw the tearful eyes of the lyric hero, but I wanted to see it but dared not. 3, point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of emotion it expresses, or analyze the role of expression skills as a whole. Sixth, the answer ideas 1. Answer mode: research topic (1), direction: thought, atmosphere, image, structure and technique, (2), level: fill in the blanks (words), short answer (what to ask, what to answer), and brief description (reviewing argumentative papers, opinions and materials). Views are in line with social values and are logical. Ask about the characteristics of people or things and use adjectives. Pay attention to the importance of free translation. The expression of ancient poetry and literary works is highly overlapping. 3. Artistic techniques of ancient poetry: artistic techniques are expressive techniques: narration, discussion, description, lyricism, rhetorical techniques, expressive techniques: lyricism by borrowing scenery, lyricism by dying, lyricism by borrowing things, characteristics and functions. I think you need to read more poems. Poetry is very emotional, you should be able to read it. Then those who are sad will take off, their aspirations will be hard to pay and they will be excluded. They are worried about the connection between this country and other places. If they don't understand, they will forget life. If they have ideals, they will be proud of the author this season. I don't know if you want to ask is it ancient or modern?