Four Tones and Eight Diseases were put forward by Shen Yue and Xie Tiao during the Qi and Liang Dynasties. Four tones, pointing up and down.
Four tones. Eight diseases refer to the eight diseases caused by improper collocation of sound and rhyme in poetry creation. eight
The theoretical basis of the disease is that "within one Jane, the sound and rhyme are different." In these two sentences, the principle of "different weight",
It is aimed at the temperament defects to be avoided in Qi-Liang five-character poems. Modern poems in the Tang Dynasty were written in
On the basis of Qi-Liang style poems, this paper discusses the relationship between eight diseases and modern style poems in Tang Dynasty.
Legal theory, this is necessary. Especially when the metrical poems in Tang Dynasty are mature, Liang should be re-examined.
If you replace the eight diseases, you will have a more comprehensive and profound understanding.
Eight diseases include flat head, upper tail, bee waist, crane knee, big rhyme, small rhyme, side button and straight button.
This statement. The theory of eight diseases first appeared in Yanshou's Biography of Southern History and the seal cutting performance of Lu Jue and Tang Dynasty.
Feng Shiwen Ji Jian and other books. However, it is Japanese monks who give a concrete explanation to the Eight Diseases.
Wen Jing's secret residence. According to this book, the first four of the eight diseases involve four tones, and the last four are related to.
The relationship between vowels and initials. The following are described separately.
Flat head. "On the Chamber of Secrets of Cultural Context" said: "A flat-headed poet, the first of five words, must have no sixth word.
Words are simultaneous, and the second word may be different from the seventh word. Flat-headed poems such as: "Fang Shishu is clean,
The teapot tilts on the platform. "Sexual intercourse" is the opposite of "carrying a pot", which uses a flat voice, so it is a sick sentence. near
In verse, if the second word of the five-character couplet is in the same tone as the seventh word, it will violate the opposition of leveling and leveling.
The principle of poetry is also a poetic disease. But the first word and the sixth word are both fair. These two words
At the same time, but this is allowed by law, not poetry disease.
Shang Wei. "On Wen Jing and Mi Fei" said: "The last poem, the fifth word in the five-character poem is not allowed.
The cross is simultaneous. The poem at the end of the poem goes like this: "There are tall buildings in the northwest, and there are floating clouds on the horizon." "architecture"
As opposed to "qi", it uses the same flat voice, so it is a sick sentence. In modern poetry, apart from the rhyme of the first sentence,
The foot sounds of the other antithetical couplet and odd-numbered sentences are dull, and the foot sounds of even-numbered sentences are flat, which is completely different.
The possibility of sound. However, in the alliteration of the first sentence, the sentence must be synchronized with the end of the sentence.
In the latter case, Wen Jing's Mi Fei theory is not considered as a disease. The so-called "rhyme is not a disease."
And ... "It can be seen that in poems that don't rhyme, modern poetry also pays attention to the end.
Bee waist "The Secret House of Cultural Realm" said: "The poet with bee waist is the second in five-character poems.
This word must not be synchronized with the fifth word. The words are thick at both ends and thin in the middle, like the waist of a bee. "Bee waist poem such as:
"Wen Jun loves me and steals the carving alone." "Jun" and "Gan" are simultaneous, "independence" and "decoration"
Simultaneous, so it is a sick sentence. In modern poetry, this poetic disease does not appear in the "average" of five words.
In the sentence patterns of "fair" and "fair", it is in "fair" and "flat"
It appears in the "flat" sentence pattern, which are two common flat and even sentence patterns. It can be seen that the theory of bee waist is not
It was accepted by the metrical poems of the Tang Dynasty.
Crane knee. On the Chamber of Secrets of Cultural Context says: "The fifth word of a five-character poem must not be the same as the first word.
Fifteen words are simultaneous. The word is thin at both ends and thick in the middle, like the knee of a crane. "Crane Knee Poems:" Jiao Bo.
Jinling Zhu, follow the current back to the city gate. The waves frowned at the shadow of the spaceship, and the mountains hung on the moon. Zhu and Shadow
Simultaneous, so it is a sick sentence. At the end of strange sentences in modern poetry, only the word "yi" is needed, and there is no entry.
Distinguish, don't think crane knee is sick. Nevertheless, many poets are still in every poem.
Using four tones at the end of odd sentences can also be seen the alignment of Liang Shi and Crane Knee Disease in the Tang Dynasty.
Respect and obedience.
Dayun's On the Secret House in Cultural Context said: "If a five-character poem rhymes with' new',
Among the above nine words, the words "person", "law", "neighbor", "body" and "Chen" are not allowed.
The two are of the same kind, and the name violates the rhyme. ""It doesn't matter unless you pretend to rhyme. "This is a couplet.
Among these ten words, except the rhyming words, you can't use the rhyming words at the end of the sentence. Dayun
Such as the poem: "Purple purlin blows the flowering trees, and the oriole idles the green branches." "Kun" and "Zhi" are both rhymes.
So I got sick. This rule is established to highlight the acoustic effect of rhyming words at the end of sentences. Cluster cloud
From the perspective of change, the intention is good, but if every poem should be like this, it would be too much.
There are too many restrictions, so it is not used in Tang poetry. However, poets in the Tang Dynasty still wrote poems.
Try to avoid or do less rhyming, so that the voice of the poem is harmonious and pleasant.
Xiao Yun's "On the Secret Chamber of Cultural Context" said: "Those who write poems with small rhymes are guilty of overlapping except rhymes.
Who, that is, make small rhyme disease also. Poems such as: "Pull the curtain out of the house, frost flowers shine on the sun." . "
"Wang" and "Yang" are both rhymes, so they have the disease of small rhyme. This poem is almost the same as Dayun, but
The requirements are stricter, and each word in a couplet should have a different rhyme. This is for poetry,
It is also difficult to do, so it is not used in modern poetry.
Fat girl The Chamber of Secrets in the Cultural Field wrote next to new york: "The poem written next to new york is a five-character poem.
There is the word "moon" in it, not to mention the words "fish", "yuan", "Ruan" and "wish". this
It's a double tone. A double tone is an attack. "Ill sentences such as:" Fish swim to see the romantic, and animals walk for fear of hurting their hooves. "
"Fish" and "moon" are both disyllabic words, so they have Ponyo's disease. Ponyo's illness is in a couplet or a sentence
Besides the requirement that you can't use the same vowel, you can't use the simultaneous voice in further sentences.
Provisions on abbreviations. In the practice of poetry, this one is also difficult to do, so it is a modern poetry method.
What you don't take.