Learning objectives:
1. Requirements for using cognitive argument. 2. Explore the setting method of sub-arguments. 3. Learn to use it in writing.
Learning focus:
Set sub-arguments around the central argument
Learning process:
First of all, use the three requirements of the argument:
1, buckle up (the sub-argument is subordinate to the central argument, and the central argument has been explained and proved in detail from many aspects or levels, and the central argument has actually been made)
Example 1: Central argument: Be diligent.
Sub-argument: (1) Efforts can be rewarded and hunger and cold can be avoided; (creating wealth)
(2) hard-working, can work hard and prolong life; (fitness)
(3) Hard-working people can do something and stay away from evil. (cultivate one's morality)
2, separate (there must be a certain degree of distinction between sub-arguments and sub-arguments, there can be no repetition or cross)
Example 2: Central argument: Reading is interesting.
Argument: (1) Reading can increase knowledge, enrich the mind and have fun;
(2) Reading is an elegant spiritual activity.
(3) Reading can improve literacy, cultivate sentiment and entertain and educate.
3. Smooth arrangement (there is a certain order between sub-arguments and sub-arguments)
Example 3: Central argument: Without rules, it is difficult to form a square.
Argument: ① Without rules, individuals cannot become talents.
(2) Without rules, the collective cannot be stable.
Without rules, the country cannot develop.
Second, the steps and methods of setting sub-arguments around the central argument
1. Explain the central argument method (what is it). Several sub-arguments reveal and expound the attributes and ideological significance of the central argument, which is the result of the author's thinking and understanding of a certain topic.
……
Guidance of Argumentative Writing —— Punctuation and deduction skills in exam composition
Teaching hypothesis: In the exam-oriented composition, the biggest factor that determines the score is whether it fits the meaning of the question and is close to the center. Especially in the composition of college entrance examination, the loss of scores caused by students' loose deduction is far more serious than the loss caused by language expression and structural errors. Therefore, in the writing of exam-oriented composition, it is the key to score points that conform to the meaning of the topic and highlight the center, while highlighting the center is mainly to point and deduct the topic. Off-topic is not only a matter of material selection, but also a matter of skill, so we should learn the skills of punctuation and deduction.
Teaching goal: to learn the basic methods of punctuation and deduction in examination room composition, so that the composition conforms to the meaning of the topic and highlights the center.
Teaching emphasis: learn and use the basic methods of pointing and deducting questions in examination room composition.
Teaching materials: excellent composition, sick composition and sick composition in examination room.
Teaching process: pointing out problems-finding methods-strengthening training
Teaching methods: elicitation and induction, research and discussion, and summary and induction.
Teaching hours: 2
Teaching process:
First of all, from the current topic composition "discrimination" situation naturally import:
In the exam-oriented composition, the biggest factor that determines the score is whether it fits the meaning of the question and whether it is close to the center. Especially in the composition of college entrance examination, the loss of scores caused by lax deduction is far more serious than the loss caused by language expression and structural errors. Let's look at two examples in the last topic composition "Discrimination":
Sick text 1: If you can face difficulties bravely, you can tell. Because in the face of difficulties, you determined the direction of progress, you chose to face rather than escape, and you chose to be brave rather than weak, which proves that you can distinguish. Sang Lan, a famous national gymnast, failed in the competition and became disabled. She lost the chance to become a champion, but she didn't give up her life because of it. On the contrary, she faces all difficulties optimistically and all pressures bravely. Finally, she succeeded. She rekindled the fire of life and lit another part of life. This is discrimination, a correct discrimination against the direction of life.
(Analysis: The structure of this paragraph is always-divided-always, with distinct levels and deduction from beginning to end. However, the materials in the middle do not highlight how Sang Lan "distinguishes" and omit the process of "distinguishing". Instead, it highlights the strength of Sang Lan, which is only "linked" to the viewpoint at the end of the paragraph, and cannot prove the viewpoint of this paragraph. )
Pathology 2: Once upon a time, there was an idea.
……
Guidance of Argumentative Writing —— Highlighting Literary Talent with Argumentative Parallelism
Jiangmen Li Xinhui Wenda Middle School Senior Three Chinese Language Department
Teaching goal learning shows literary talent by using parallelism in argumentative essays.
The teaching time is two class hours (the second class hour)
Multimedia courseware of teaching methods; Interaction, cooperation and exploration
teaching process
I. Introduction:
Teacher: I still remember that when the college entrance examination was revised in 2009, Professor Ke Hanlin, then the head of the marking group of the Guangdong college entrance examination, once said that the composition must be attractive. "It is best to have a' moon' in the composition; If there is no' moon',' bright star' is also very good; There are no bright stars, just a few stars; What Qian Qian can never show the marking teacher is' dark night' and' darkness'. " It seems that in order to grasp the teacher's heart, on the basis of an accurate article, it is really necessary to make at least a few bright "stars" to stop the teacher's eyes.
Therefore, the focus of this semester's composition class will be on the design of composition highlights on the basis of studying last semester's composition exam and conception topic.
Every time I revise my classmate's second composition, I will find that everyone has written-
Health: (laughs) Much better!
Teacher: It is much better than the composition in class and examination room, and the concept of examination is more accurate, but the fly in the ointment is that there is still much room for improvement in language expression. (Laughter)
If the concept of the exam is accurate, wouldn't it be better to express by going up one flight of stairs in language? Confucius said, "Without words, it is not far away." Even saints emphasize the importance of literary talent to the effect of expression.
Now we are training in argumentative writing, so what should we do
……
Guidance of Argumentative Writing —— Dialectical Analysis
First, import:
1. There is a view that "the texts are the same, but different at the end" in Dian Lun Papers. In other words, both articles have their own unique stylistic features. Here, we might as well clarify the characteristics of various styles. Narrative works teach people with emotion, explanatory works teach people with knowledge, and practical works tell people with events. However, the argumentative essay we usually use most often is convincing people with reasoning, emphasizing analysis and reasoning, demanding rigorous generalization, and speculation is the most important stylistic feature of the thesis.
2. So what is speculation and how is it reflected in the article?
Second, the teaching process:
1, let's look at this sentence first: there are no students who can't teach, only teachers who can't teach.
2. The classic theory regarded as the standard by the education circle is still flawed, not to mention the words we hastily wrote in the tense examination room. It seems that in order to improve the score, we really need to learn to do some dialectical analysis.
A, let's take a look at the requirements for students' speculation in the development of the college entrance examination composition grades.
Through the nature of phenomena
Reveal the cause of the problem
Is the view enlightening?
B, let's look at the fragments of the composition we usually write and think about our dialectics.
Letting go is a kind of courage or gain, which can break the shackles for you and make you achieve yourself.
(Yimo, Guangzhou)
The bottom spirit is the source of everything. With confidence, we can stand on our feet.
……
Guidance of Argumentative Writing —— Creating Wonderful Language Composition
Jiangmen Li Xinhui Wenda Middle School Senior Three Chinese Language Department
Knowledge and skills: accumulate beautiful language and master the methods of shaping language beauty.
Process and method: combination of lecture and practice (with guidance as the leading factor and training as the main line)
Emotional attitude and values: Appreciating the charm of beautiful language can turn abstract into concrete, straightforward into implicit, and intangible into tangible.
Teaching process:
First, import:
Teacher: No matter how clever and profound your composition is, it is difficult for the marking teacher to fall in love at first sight without relying on vivid and colorful language.
Second, the interpretation of the outline: (accumulate rhetoric, use beautiful language such as poetry, and create wonderful language compositions)
The college entrance examination "exam description" uses vivid words and flexible sentences; Good at using rhetorical devices; This sentence is meaningful. To make an article "literary", we must abandon the boring and dry information language and learn to accumulate and use vivid language.
For example, she is sad.
Health 1: She is a lonely tree, and sorrow hangs over her like layers of water mist. (borrowing metaphor)
Health 2: Her sadness "keeps cutting, but the reason is still chaotic", just like the endless spring water. (borrowing ancient poems)
Third, high school excellent composition courseware display: "Let the soul rest in the rice fragrance"
On such a night, I was awakened by the sound of falling rain. The melody that has been played repeatedly for countless times came from the earphone, which made my chaotic face gradually awake and clearly exposed to the quiet night. "Who moved my strings and called me to the window, where you stood upright in the middle of the night ..." The cold wind.