Whitman, 1854
1
I am relaxed and happy to go to Kaminouji.
I am healthy and free, and the world is in front of me.
The long brown road is in front of me, pointing to anywhere I want to go.
From then on, I no longer hope for good luck. I'm lucky myself.
From then on, I don't complain, I don't hesitate, I don't need anything,
Eliminate bad luck in the room, put down books, get rid of severe criticism,
I am strong and satisfied. I walk in Kaminooji.
Earth, that's enough,
I don't want the stars to be closer to me,
I know they happen to live in their own place,
I know they have satisfied the people who belong to them.
I still shoulder the responsibility that I have loved for many years.
I take them, men and women, I take them everywhere,
I swear I can't get rid of them,
They have enriched me, and I will enrich them. )
2
I went to Kaminooji to look around. I believe this is not all you have.
I believe there are also many invisible things on this road.
This is an abstruse course about acceptance, no preference, no rejection,
Black people with curly hair, criminals, sick people and illiterate people have not been rejected.
Have a baby, run after the doctor, beggars wander, drunkards stagger, mechanics laugh at parties,
Runaway youth, rich man's carriage, dude, eloping men and women,
People in the morning market, hearses and furniture moved around,
They have passed, I have passed, everything has passed, and it cannot be banned.
Everything was accepted, which made me feel kind.
three
Air, you give me the breath of talking!
Everything, you call my confused thoughts and give them images!
Light, you wrap me and everything, bathing us beautifully and calmly!
The path by the side of the road, you have been trampled potholes!
I believe you are hiding something you have never seen before, and you are so kind to me.
Sidewalks with flags in your city! These solid stones by the roadside!
You ferries! The sampans and masts on these docks! The banks of these timber piles! A distant ship!
Your rows of houses! These facades with windows! These roofs!
You corridors and entrances! Gables and iron guards!
Your transparent windows will let people see a lot of things inside!
Your gate, rising steps and arches!
You grey stones on endless roads! These flat intersections!
I believe you have gained something in dealing with others, and now you have to teach me the same secret.
On your peaceful road, the living and the dead are bustling, and their souls are clear and kind to me.
four
The earth expands to the left and right,
Full of energy, every part is dazzling,
Sweet voice rings where it is needed and is silent where it is not needed.
The cheerful voice of the public on the road, happy and lively mood.
Ah, have you ever told me "don't leave me" on this road I took?
Did you say, "Don't take any chances-if you leave, I'll get lost"?
Did you say, "I'm ready. I have a temper and I've never been rejected." Follow me? "
Lu, my answer is that I am not afraid to leave you, but I love you.
You can express what I mean better than myself,
To me, you are more meaningful than my poems.
I think heroic deeds happen in broad daylight, and so do poems of freedom.
I think I can stop here and work miracles.
I think I will like everything I meet on the road, and everyone who meets me will like me.
I think the people I see must be happy.
five
From now on, I stipulate that I can get rid of fetters and fictional restrictions.
Come and go freely, be your own absolute master,
Listen to others and think carefully about what they say.
Pause, explore, accept, meditate,
I am gentle but irresistible, and get rid of the bondage that will bind me.
I hold the world in my arms,
Things belong to me, and north and south belong to me.
I am greater and more outstanding than I used to think,
I didn't know I had so many virtues.
I think everything is wonderful,
I can repeatedly tell men and women that you are so kind to me and I will repay you.
On the way, I will cheer for myself with you.
On the road, I want to be between men and women.
I want to inject new happiness and courage into them.
No matter who refuses me, I won't worry,
Whoever accepts me will be blessed and bless me.
six
I wouldn't be surprised if a thousand perfect men appeared now.
I wouldn't be surprised if there were 1000 beautiful women's bodies now.
Now I know the secret of making a perfect person,
That is to grow up in the sun and eat and sleep with the earth.
This is a vast world where individuals can display their talents.
Such a great cause has attracted everyone's heart.
The power and will of Generate overwhelmed the law and mocked all the authorities and controversies that opposed it. )
This is a test of wisdom,
The ultimate test of wisdom is not in school,
Wisdom cannot be passed from the wise to the unwise,
Wisdom belongs to the soul and cannot be proved. This is its own proof.
Suitable for all stages, all kinds of things and all kinds of qualities should be complete.
It is an affirmation of the reality and immortality of things and the essence of things.
There is something in the appearance of things that summons wisdom from the soul.
I now re-examine philosophy and religion,
They can be well proved in the classroom, but they can't be proved at all in the vast world and the rushing ocean.
Knowledge is produced here,
Here people are tested-here people have self-knowledge,
Past, future, dignity, love-if they are nothing to you, then you are nothing to them.
Only the essence of things makes sense;
Where is the person who peeled the shell for you and me?
Where are the people who expose intrigue and deception for you and me?
Here, things are inherent, not prearranged, but happen by accident;
Do you know what it's like to pass by and be loved by strangers?
Do you know what those rolling eyes are saying?
seven
This is the expression of the soul,
The revealed soul comes from the secret door in the shade of the tree, and it is always asking questions.
What are these longings for? What are these thoughts in the dark for?
Why does the sunshine make my blood boil when men and women are near me?
Why did my happy heart die when they left me?
Why do those big trees that I have never walked on bear magnificent and beautiful thoughts on me?
I think they hang on those trees in winter and summer, and they will fall when I walk by. )
What made me and strangers suddenly understand?
Sitting side by side with the coachman, what did I get?
When I stayed on the shore, what did the fisherman and I understand each other?
What makes me accept the blessing of a woman and a man at will? What makes them accept my blessing at will?
eight
The outpouring of the soul is happiness, and here is happiness.
I think it's in the air, waiting,
Now it flows to us, and we just accept it.
It's restless and attached,
This restlessness and attachment is the freshness and intimacy between men and women.
This is as fresh and friendly as the buds from the roots of vanilla in the morning. )
The sweat of love between young people and old people is restless and attached.
The charm sublimated from it is enough to laugh at beauty and achievements.
Ups and downs of pain, trembling and longing for contact.
nine
Let's go Whoever you are, come with me!
Come with me, you will never be tired.
The earth will never get tired,
At first, the earth was rough, silent and unfathomable. At first, nature was rough and unfathomable.
Don't be discouraged, keep walking, there is something sacred hidden there.
I swear to you, the sacredness there is beyond words.
Let's go We will never stop there,
No matter how pleasant these shops are and how convenient this residence is, we can't stay here.
No matter how safe the port is and how calm the water is here, we will not break down here.
No matter how hospitable the people around us are, we can only enjoy a short time.
10
Let's go There is a bigger temptation ahead,
We will sail in the vast sea without a channel,
No matter how rough the wind and waves are, the Yankee Clippers should run at full speed.
Let's go Have power, freedom, earth, wind and rain, lightning,
Have health, resistance, happiness, self-esteem and curiosity;
Let's go Put aside all prejudices!
Put aside your prejudices, ah, you blind and soulless priests.
The rotting corpse blocked the road and should be buried at once.
Let's go But be careful!
It takes blood, muscle and tenacity to come with me.
Men and women without courage and health don't need tests.
People who have exhausted the essence of life will not come here.
Only strong people can come,
Sick seedlings, drunkards and people infected with willow flowers are not allowed to come here.
Neither my companions nor I are eloquent.
We use our existence to convince others. )
1 1
Listen! I'll be honest with you,
I won't give you old and gorgeous prizes, only rough and fresh things.
This is the day you will meet:
You won't accumulate so-called wealth,
You will spread everything you have gained with your generous hands,
When you arrive at the city you want to go to and haven't settled down satisfactorily, there is an irresistible call calling you to leave.
You will be laughed at by those who fall behind you,
You accepted the call of love, but you can only return it with a farewell kiss.
You won't allow the person who reaches out to you to hug you.
12
Let's go Follow great friends and become one of them!
They are also on the road-they are energetic and determined men-they are the greatest women,
They are appreciators of the sea of tranquility and the sea of fury,
They sailed thousands of ships and crossed Wan Li Road.
They often go to many distant countries, distant residences,
They are trustees of many men and women, observers of the city, lonely workers,
They stopped to meditate on the flowers, trees and shells on the shore.
They danced at the wedding, kissed the bride and enthusiastically helped and raised the children.
They are rebel soldiers, grave keepers and coffin bearers.
They are travelers, traveling through the four seasons, through the years, through the beautiful years year after year,
Travelers of the same trade are in different times.
Some people have come out of their ignorant infancy,
There are happy young people, full-grown men with beards,
There are rich, unattainable and contented mature women,
Some men and women have entered solemn old age,
In his later years, he was peaceful and open-minded, as heroic and broad as the universe.
Old age, free flow, freedom to ponder and die.
13
Let's go Embark on a journey with no beginning and no end,
Be experienced, trudge during the day and rest at night.
Combining all the experiences of the journey, day and night,
At the beginning of a higher journey, merge them again,
Don't look around, just focus on what you can reach and pass.
Don't daydream about time, just focus on the time you can arrive and experience, no matter how long it is.
Don't look up and down, just stare at the long road waiting for you, no matter how long it is, it is waiting for you.
Don't pay attention to others, whether they believe in God or anything else, just pay attention to the other side where you are going.
Don't expect wealth, just look at what you have, enjoy everything that doesn't require fatigue and expense, and enjoy the whole party instead of a piece of cake.
Enjoy the best things on the farm, the elegant villas of the rich, the pure blessings of the old couple, the fruits in the orchard and the flowers in the garden.
Appreciate the densely populated cities you pass by,
Wherever you go in the future, you should remember those buildings and streets.
When you meet people, you should get wisdom from their minds and love from their hearts.
Take the people you love to Kaminouji, even if you leave them behind.
You know, the universe itself is a road, many roads, and it is the road to the soul in the journey.
In order for the soul to move forward, it must get rid of everything.
All religions, all concrete things, art, government-all the obvious things that existed in the past and now on this planet or other planets have retreated to a dark corner in front of the soul marching along the avenue of the universe.
The souls of men and women advance along the grand road of the universe. For it, all other progress is only a necessary symbol and support.
Live forever, move forward forever,
Gorgeous, serious, sad, withdrawn, confused, crazy, noisy, timid, cynical,
Despair, pride, enthusiasm, morbid, popular, rejected,
They are walking! They are walking! I know they are going, but I don't know where they are going.
But I know they will be the best and great.
Whoever you are, come out! Whether you are a man or a woman, come out!
You must never sleep in the house and waste your time, even if the house was built by or for you.
Come out of the darkness! Get out from behind the screen!
It's no use protesting. I know everything. Expose them.
I know you're as bad as everyone else,
From people's laughter, dance steps, eating and drinking,
From dressing up, from washing face and makeup,
I can see a secret boredom and disappointment.
Without a trusted husband, wife or friend to listen to the truth,
The other self, a copy of everyone, hides and hides,
Walking through the streets of the city without interest, being polite in the living room,
In train carriages, on steamboats, at public gatherings,
In men's and women's homes, at the dinner table, in the bedroom, anywhere,
Dress appropriately, smile and have a good image. Death is hidden in the chest and hell is hidden in the brain.
Hidden under woolen cloth and gloves, hidden under ribbons and artificial flowers,
Play by the rules, it's boring to talk,
Words ramble and never touch the soul.
14
Let's go Through struggle and war!
The set goal cannot be withdrawn.
Has the past struggle been successful?
Who succeeded? Yourself? Your country? Natural?
Now listen to me carefully-the essence of things requires that no matter what kind of success, something will be produced, calling for greater struggle.
My call is a call to fight, and I encourage active resistance.
People traveling with me must be armed to the teeth,
Those who travel with me have to endure hunger and cold, encounter stubborn enemies and betrayal.
15
Let's go The road is in front of us!
The road is safe-I tried-my feet really tried-don't delay!
Put the white paper on the table and the unopened books on the bookshelf!
Leave the tools in the workshop! Leave the money to the ghost to earn!
Let those lectures stop! Ignore the shouts of the old school gentleman!
Let the priest preach from the pulpit! Let lawyers argue in court and let judges explain the law.
Partner, I'll give you my hand!
I give you love more precious than money,
Before preaching and law, I give myself to you;
Will you give yourself to me? Would you like to go with me?
Will we be loyal to the end of our lives?
This poem is from Leaves of Grass.
Walt whitman (walt whitman 18 19- 1892)
Whitman is an outstanding American democratic poet in the19th century and is known as the "father of poetry" in America. 18 19, Whitman was born in what is now Long Island. From 65438 to 0823, the Whitman family moved to Brooklyn, new york. Whitman only went to school for six years, and he was basically self-taught. He especially likes reading Homer, Dante and Shakespeare.
After two years as an apprentice, Whitman moved to new york. /kloc-returned to Long Island in 0/835 and taught in a rural school. From 1838 to 1839, he ran a newspaper called Long Island People. He taught until 184 1, and then he returned to new york and became a journalist. He also works as a freelance writer or gives political speeches in some mainstream magazines.
65438+1940s is the first harvest period of Whitman's long-term works: 184 1 year, he published some short stories, and a year later, he published the novel Franklin Evans in new york. The first edition of Leaves of Grass was published in 1855 and consists of 12 untitled long poems. A year later, in the second edition of Leaves of Grass, it was published together with Emerson's congratulatory letter. The second edition has 20 groups of poems.
Whitman died on1March 26th, 892. He was buried in Harlem cemetery, under a tombstone designed by himself.
Many modern poets, whether Mayakovski of the Soviet Union, Nie Luda of Chile, Lorga of Spain, or Guo Moruo of China, have been influenced by Whitman (18 19- 1892) to some extent.
Introduction of grass leaves
Leaves of Grass is Whitman's poetry collection. So he named his poetry collection "Collection of Grass Names", which means that "grass leaves" grow everywhere and are full of vitality. It symbolizes ordinary people as well as developing America. At the same time, Leaves of Grass also symbolizes Whitman's own thoughts and hopes for democracy and freedom.
The leaves of grass have a gloomy and ideal color. Because Whitman has bright hopes for the rising America. Therefore, he believes that the future of the United States is a "democratic land" and a "sister city" without slavery, while the president and mayor are "just paid employees". Because of his yearning for democracy and freedom, he echoed the revolutionary struggle of 1848 European people, fiercely opposed inhuman slavery, and praised the people who struggled to realize the ideal of progress. His famous poem "Oh, Captain! My Captain's Covenant was written in memory of the hero who was stabbed to death to destroy slavery, American President Lincoln.
The poems in Leaves of Grass are full of strong "self" color. However, the "I" in Whitman's poems is the people, not the big "I". His poems praise the American working people for transforming nature, opening a new world and building a new world through "self". For example, in "I Listen to American Singing", the poet wrote at the beginning: "I listen to American singing, and I listen to all kinds of carols". Then he wrote that he heard "mechanics singing", "carpenters singing", "bricklayers singing", "singing during the day" and "at night, they sang their strong and harmonious songs with their mouths open". Poets are among laborers, and the "self" in poems is actually an American-style "newcomer" image.
The poems in Leaves of Grass enthusiastically praise nature. In Whitman's works, beautiful nature is not the opposite of human beings, nor the negative undertaker of human suffering, but positive, which makes people feel proud and satisfied. Such as "Song of the Road" and "My own Song", all eulogize the magnificent rivers and mountains in the United States, and describe the forests, grasslands, fields, oceans and various natural scenery in the United States, giving people the passion to make progress.
Leaves of Grass has created a "free body" poetic form and a new artistic style.