Wang Wei was born in the royal family of Hedong, and was a scholar in the ninth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (72 1). Li Guan right gleaned, supervised the remonstrance, and made our time in Hexi. During the Tianbao period, he worshipped the official department as a doctor and a servant. When An Lushan captured Chang 'an, he was forced to accept a fake post. After Chang 'an was recovered, he was accused of granting Prince Zhongyun. In the first year of Tang Suzong's rule, he was appointed as a senior minister, known as "Wang Youcheng".
Wang Wei is proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting and music. He is famous for his poems, especially his five words, which praise the landscape and countryside. Together with Meng Haoran, he was called "Wang Meng" and "Shi Fo". [2] Calligraphy and painting are particularly wonderful, and later generations promoted it to the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. He is the author of Wang Youcheng Collection and The Secret of Painting, with about 400 poems. Su Shi commented on the cloud: "There are paintings in poetry; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. "
Wei's literary achievements are mainly reflected in his poetry creation. Wang Wei's poems depict natural scenery such as mountains and rivers, rural areas, praise seclusion, vivid and vivid, and have both form and spirit. Yin Kun commented on Wang Wei's poems in Yue Ying Ling He Ji: "A pearl is made in spring and a painting is made on the wall." With a fresh and simple style, Wang Wei created the artistic conception of "painting in poetry, poetry in painting" and "Zen in poetry", and set up a banner in the field of poetry. [ 1]
Ideological content
Wang Wei's pastoral poems, while depicting the natural beauty, reveal the leisure interest in the leisure life. After middle age, Wang Wei became increasingly depressed and sought sustenance in Buddhism and landscapes. He claimed that "silence is joy, and there is much leisure in this life" ("Fanbu Busan Monk"). This state of mind has been fully reflected in his poetry creation. In the past, many people admired Wang Wei's poems, on the one hand, because of his high artistic skills, on the other hand, because of his leisure and negative thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin said that Wang Wei's five-line poem "entered Zen", and he also said that two poems, "Bird Sound Stream" and "Wu Xinyi", "after reading it, all thoughts are silent" ("Poetry"), which is proof.
In Wang Wei's farewell, travel and other works, there are often "far trees lead, the sunset is red in the distant city" ("Money falls first"), "One night in Shan Yu, thousands of rivers and lakes fly to the Silk Waterfall" ("To Zizhou to make Li") and "At sunset, the rivers and lakes are white. When the tide comes, the sky is blue ("Farewell to Guizhou") and "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen".
In Wang Wei's works, military themes such as joining the army, Longxi, Yanzhi, hunting, going to the border and going out to the border and frontier life are all magnificent works. "The Song of the Dragon's Head" and "The Journey of the Old General" express the sadness that the generals are not rewarded for their meritorious service, and reflect one aspect of the internal contradictions of the feudal ruling class. "Hunting" vividly describes the hunting scene. Yimen sang the chivalrous spirit of historical figures. The four poems in A Boy's Journey show chivalry, boldness, vivid images and smooth brushwork. These works are generally believed to have been written by Wang Wei in his early years.
There are also some poems, such as Fu to Four Scholars, Fu to Allegory, Fu to Unfortunate Encounter, etc., which were written when officials relegated Jeju, and Zhao Nv, the fifth of Six Chances, which expressed indignation at the unreasonable phenomenon of monopolizing official career with wealth and frustrated talented people, and reflected some dark sides of feudal politics in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods. Galand in Luoyang, Shi Yong and Zhu Ze expressed their satire and emotion to the powerful in a comparative way. Women's sufferings are described in Mrs Xi and Ban Jieyu. They are sad and have certain social significance. Some lyric poems that give gifts to relatives and friends and describe daily life, such as farewell, Li Cong of Lingaotai, Anxi of Yuan Dynasty, Jiangdong of Shen Zifu, thoughts of holiday on the mountain of Shandong brothers, and acacia miscellaneous poems, have been telling about population for thousands of years. "Send Yuan 20 An Xi" and "Acacia" were broadcast as music at that time and were widely sung.