Small question 1: Describes the peaceful pastoral scenery with flowing water around the fields and green bamboos around the fence, and the lonely autumn scene where the elms have fallen away and the hibiscus remains (2 points). It expresses the poet's leisurely, tranquil and slightly sad mood (1 point).
Quick question 2: The first and second sentences mainly describe green water, fields, green bamboos, house fences, elm trees, hibiscus and other quiet scenes (1 point), the third and fourth sentences mainly describe walking The slow-moving old cow, the jackdaw quietly standing on the cow's back and other moving scenes (1 point), the combination of movement and stillness in the front and back creates a tranquil and peaceful atmosphere. (1 point)
Small question 1: Analysis of the test question: "Water surrounds the field and bamboo surrounds the fence". The selection of materials is like the change of a movie lens, from a long shot to a close shot. In the distance from the village are gurgling water and fields surrounding the hillside. The small garden outside the house is surrounded by green bamboo fences and green water reflects the countryside, giving it an idyllic scenery. "Hibiscus flowers are scarce after all the elm money has fallen", hibiscus, also known as hibiscus, blooms at the turn of summer and autumn, and the corolla is purple-red or white. The sparse hibiscus flowers indicate that it is autumn, and every elm tree has long gone with the wind. Therefore, although the greenery in the courtyard is pleasant, it is a pity that its prime has passed. The few hibiscus flowers that remain can not help but cause the beauty to feel old and twilight, and the meaning of tranquility is implicit. It expresses the poet's leisurely, tranquil and slightly sad state of mind
Comments: There are two common mistakes candidates make when answering such questions. One is to use literal translation when describing scenery, and change description into translation. Second, candidates tend to focus on the contrasting mode of "integration of thoughts and scenery, and blending of scenes", while ignoring that some poems use scenery to contrast thoughts and feelings, resulting in errors in understanding thoughts and feelings. In this case, you should think more about the poet's life, ambition or title to avoid making mistakes.
Small question 2: Question analysis: "There is no one lying on the back of the cow at sunset, bringing the jackdaws home in twos and twos." The sound of cow hooves broke the silence, and the poet shifted the camera to outside the small courtyard. The sun was setting in the west, the twilight was hazy, and the old cow slowly returned. This scene has been sung as early as in the Book of Songs: "As the sun sets, the cattle and sheep come down." ("Wang Feng·Gentleman's Service") However, the poet did not repeat the poetry of his predecessors, but captured a brand-new artistic image: the old cow returned on its own. On the cow's back was not a cowherd playing a piccolo, but a cold cowherd standing there. crow. Jackdaws are easily frightened and good at flying, but they are leisurely and comfortable in this peaceful atmosphere, standing on the back of an ox. The stillness of the jackdaw is attached to the movement of the cow. The movement of the cow contains the quietness of the jackdaw. The size of the jackdaw contrasts with the movement and stillness, creating a novel composition. picture. The poetry of the Song Dynasty strives for newness, which can be seen from this. Is the word "no one lying down" redundant? Why not just say: "At sunset, jackdaws stand on the backs of cows?" This is the charm of this poem. "No one is lying down" is a pause, causing readers to ask questions: So what is on the back of the cow? This led to the introduction of "bringing the jackdaws home in twos and twos", and the image seemed to be integrated with its own emotional color. The cow-backed jackdaw embodies the tranquility and peace of rural life, but the author uses "sunset" and "jackdaw" to enhance the atmosphere, adding a layer of leisurely sadness to the tranquility. The second is to depict the image more delicately and vividly. "With" and "two" cooperate with each other, the cow will be contented, the cow and the crow will be natural and without guessing, and their expressions will be clear. Without this setback, it would be too straight and lacking in charm.
Comment: Expression technique is a method used by poets to express emotions and express themes. To answer accurately, you must be familiar with some expression methods commonly used in ancient poetry. ①Rhetorical techniques: metaphor, parallelism, exaggeration, contrast, personification, pun, etc. ②Description techniques: A. foil technique, which is divided into forward foil and reverse foil. Contrast includes dynamic foil, sound and silence foil, joy and sorrow foil, etc.; B. profile description; C. combination of virtual and real; D. symbolic techniques, etc. ③Lyric techniques: express one's feelings directly and express one's feelings indirectly. There are three types of indirect expression: expressing one's feelings through scenery, expressing one's aspirations through objects, and expressing one's thoughts through objects.