China's earliest poetic style was The Book of Songs with four characters, and then the Chu Ci style represented by Qu Yuan's Li Sao (also known as Sao Style Poetry) appeared, which lengthened sentence patterns with the conjunction "zhi" and the modal particle "xi", such as "Xi, the descendant of Emperor Levin" (Li Sao) and "Wu Gexi is wearing a rhinoceros armour". Therefore, The Book of Songs and Songs of the South became the source of China's poems.
In the Han Dynasty, Yuefu, an organization specialized in collecting all kinds of poems and songs, appeared, and the most influential one it collected was folk poems, which we can still see today. Its biggest feature is strong reality, popular and lively, and its form is mainly five words. For example, the long songs in the eighth grade (1) textbook and "Drinking Horses in the Cave of the Great Wall" and "Joining the Army in the Tenth Five-Year Plan" in the high school textbook are authentic Han Yuefu. The content and style of Yuefu folk songs in Han dynasty influenced the poetry creation of literati at that time and later generations. By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were 19 ancient poems representing the maturity of literati's five-character poems, which absorbed many characteristics of Yuefu folk songs and promoted the development of ancient poetry. Especially in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and Tang Dynasty, the development and evolution of Han Yuefu formed two main forms. One is "Ancient Yuefu" (also called "Old Yuefu"), which was created by literati with simulation. It borrows the title of Han Yuefu and writes new contents, just like old bottles and new wine, such as Cao Cao's Out of Xiamen (Part VII), Yang Jiong's Joining the Army and Li He's Wild Goose Gate. The characteristics of these poems are that although they follow the theme of Han Yuefu, the content is new and related to the original theme, such as "joining the army" related to military affairs, and "wild goose gate satrap" related to frontier fortress. The content of literati's quasi-Yuefu changed from narrative to lyrical in Han Dynasty. In terms of form and technique, it draws lessons from its vulgarity and elegance, adds literati color and improves artistic taste. Ancient Yuefu has two forms: five words and seven words. Seven-word Yuefu, an ancient poem, was first seen in Cao Pi's Ge Yan Xing in the Three Kingdoms Period, and it was not until Bao Zhao in the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties that he wrote Quasi Difficult Travel (18) and so on. Yuefu poems can be sung, and the seven-character Yuefu style is mainly chanting. In terms of content and length, it is generally long, and it is like flowing water when chanting. It can freely change the rhythm, making its content changeable, its structure turning, its momentum magnificent and its feelings colorful. This kind of poetic style is suitable for carrying large ideological content and expressing warm feelings. It not only has the characteristics of the popularity and liveliness of ancient Yuefu, but also focuses on expressing the voices of literati. Its form is mainly seven-character sentence pattern, and the miscellaneous words are colorful and cadenced, so people also call it "Gexing Style".
The other is mainly to learn from the narrative-oriented, realistic content characteristics and simple and popular expression characteristics of Han Yuefu to reflect the social reality at that time and attract people's attention to society. It no longer borrows the original name of Han Yuefu, but is named according to the different contents of the event. The so-called "life-threatening, hard to see." In the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu was concerned about state affairs and reflected the social reality before and after the Anshi Rebellion with his pen. He wrote many such poems, such as Chedian (high school), Sanguan (Tongguan official, Xin 'an official and Shihao official) and Sanbie, which mainly inherited the tradition of Han Yuefu in essence. Later, Yuan Jie, Gu Kuang and other poets also wrote such poems. In the middle Tang Dynasty, realistic poets such as Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen, in order to save the decline of the country at that time, used their own poems to reflect the shortcomings of social reality, so as to attract the attention of the rulers, vigorously advocated these poetic forms of Du Fu and Yuan Jie, and launched the "New Yuefu Movement" with the title of "New Yuefu". They themselves have written many "new Yuefu", with five or seven sentences in form. For example, Bai Juyi's "Looking at Wheat Cutting" (Part 9), selling charcoal Weng, Xinfeng folding arm Weng and Du Lingcuo are all narrative and popular "new Yuefu style". Answer in the Bamboo Grove said: "Ancient poetry and Yuefu have been divided since the Han and Wei Dynasties. Yuefu syllables don't pass on, and the Tang people borrow old topics and new meanings every time. At least Ling doesn't attack old topics, such as "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells", which are really Yuefu. " (Continuation of Poems in Qing Dynasty, 2225 pages, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1983) Briefly points out the characteristics of new Yuefu poems.