We provide you with a detailed introduction of "The Song for You" from the following aspects:
1. Click here for the full text of "Ji Zha Watching Zhou Le/Ji Zha Watching Music" to see the details of "Ji Zha Watching Zhou Le/Ji Zha Watching Music"
Wu Gongzi is hired by Zalai. Please watch Zhou Le.
The songs "Nan Zhou" and "Calling South" written by Shi Gongwei say:
"Beautiful! Starting from the foundation,
it's still not enough, but it's hard to complain.
for the songs "Tai", "_" and "Wei", saying:
"Beautiful, profound!
those who are worried but not sleepy are also. I heard about the virtues of Wei Kangshu and Wu Gongzhi.
Is it their Wei Feng? " The song "The King" says:
"Beautiful! Thinking without fear,
it's all about the east! " For the song Zheng,
said, "Beautiful!
it's very detailed, and the people can't compare with it.
it died first! " For the song "Qi",
said: "Beautiful,
magnificent! The wind is also strong!
what is the grandeur of those who represent the East China Sea?
the country is beyond measure. " For the song "Song",
said: "Beautiful,
swinging! Music without lewdness,
what about the east of the duke of Zhou? " For the song "Qin",
said: "This is called the sound of summer.
A man's summer is big, and it's as big as it is.
Its weeks are old! " For the song "Wei",
said: "Beautiful,
__! Big and graceful,
risky and easy to do, supplemented by virtue,
knowing the master! " For the song "Tang",
said: "Think deeply!
are there any adherents of Tao Tang? Otherwise,
why worry about it? If you don't make virtue,
who can? " For the song "Chen",
said: "The country has no owner,
how long can it last!" Since "Yi", there is no ridicule!
for the song "Xiaoya", yue.
"beautiful! Thinking without thinking,
complaining without speaking, what is the decline of its Zhou De?
How can there be a remnant of my late king? " For the song "Daya",
said: "Wide!
it's hilarious! Curved and straight,
what is the virtue of the king of literature? " For the song "Ode",
said, "What a pity!
straight and unyielding;
you don't push, but you don't carry;
moving without lewdness, never getting tired of getting back;
sorrow without sorrow, joy without shortage;
use it without pausing, and make it widely known;
Give without cost, take without greed;
do things without the bottom, and do things without the flow.
five tones are harmonious, and eight winds are even;
be moderate and orderly.
The same is true of Sheng De! " Those who saw the dances "Elephant _" and "Nan Qiu"
said, "It's beautiful,
I still have regrets!" Seeing the dance "Da Wu",
said: "Beautiful,
Zhou Zhisheng is also, what if it is like this?
"When the dancer saw Shao _, he said,
" The sage is magnificent, but he still has shame.
The sage is difficult! " Seeing the dance "Great Summer",
said, "Beautiful!
diligence without virtue. If it's not Yu,
who can fix it! " See the dancer "Shao _",
said, "What a virtue!
it's as big as the sky, and it's as big as the earth! Although it is very virtuous,
its contempt is added to it. Watch it!
I dare not invite myself if I have other fun!
2. Appreciation
Ji Zha's View of Zhou Le is a special article in Zuo Zhuan, which contains many factors of literary criticism. Although Ji Zha was commenting on Zhou Le, he was actually commenting on Poetry, because Poetry was enjoyable at that time. Ma Ruichen said: "There are 3 poems, and there is no one who can't enjoy it. Zuo Zhuan: Wu Ji Zha, please visit Zhou Le, and make the song Nan Zhou _ Call South, and visit twelve countries. Without music, the poems of the Fourteen Kingdoms can't be unified with Zhou Le. "(1) Although the poems divorced from music may have less sensory function, the dance of Zhou Lezhong can't be reproduced, but after all, Zhou Le, who was commented by Ji Zha, can still see his main body in the Book of Songs. So we can summarize some characteristics of traditional literary criticism from Ji Zha's View of Zhou Le.
literature and politics and religion China's literature attached great importance to the relationship with politics and religion from the very beginning, especially in the early period when literature did not gain independent status and developed consciously. The Book of Songs did not appear as a pure literary work at first, on the contrary, it had specific practical use occasions. For example, "In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was quite popular for officials and ministers to write poems to express their aspirations. Poets borrowed ready-made poems out of context to hint at their feelings. When talking with doctors or officials, they often quote some poems. " Moreover, the collection of poems consciously serves politics and religion. "The ancient emperor ordered history to collect poems and ballads in order to observe the folk customs", and ③ "In the month of Meng Chun, the people who live in groups will be scattered, and pedestrians will shake Mu Duo to the road to collect poems, and offer him a surname, which is better than his temperament to be heard by the emperor. Therefore, the king knows the world without looking at the door. " Since literature attaches importance to its social function, literary criticism naturally emphasizes political enlightenment. This is embodied in the Analects of Confucius: Confucius said: What is the poem of the boy Mo Xuefu? Poetry can be enjoyed, observed, grouped and resented. Your father is the thing, and your father is the thing far away; Know more about the names of birds, animals and plants. "Literary works have infectious power and can' sense the will'. This is Xing. Readers can' test the gains and losses' and' observe the ups and downs of customs' from literary works, which is the concept. Group refers to' learning from each other in groups', inspiring each other and honing each other. Resentment refers to' resentment stabbing politics' to promote political improvement. " ⑤ Judging from Ji Zha's comments on Zhou Le, he combined music (literature) with politics and religion. He believes that political chaos will have an impact on music (literature), that is to say, music (literature) can be used to "test the gains and losses" and "observe the rise and fall of customs." Because political chaos will affect people, and people's thoughts and feelings will be reflected in music (literature). Therefore, Ji Zha can hear "being diligent but not complaining" from Nan Zhou and Zhao Nan, and "being worried but not sleepy" from Tai, _ and Wei. Music (literature) is also counterproductive to politics. You can "learn from each other" and inspire each other; You can "complain and stab the government" to promote political improvement. Of course, bad music (literature) will also accelerate the political corruption, so Confucius wanted to release Zheng Sheng, and Ji Zha also heard from Zheng that "it is very fine, and the people are comparable" and thought that "it died first?" However, it must be pointed out that there is not the so-called voice of national subjugation, but the decadent voice encourages the social atmosphere of debauchery and enjoyment, which leads to political corruption and national subjugation. Some people unilaterally exaggerate the reaction of music (literature) to politics, and think that music (literature) can subjugate the country, thus introducing comments on music (literature) into mysticism.
the beauty of neutralization in literature. On poetry, Confucius emphasized "gentle and honest" poetry teaching. He said: "Poetry 3", in a word, said: thinking without evil ("for politics"), and said: "Guanju" is happy without lewdness, but sad without injury ("Ba Shu"). Ji Zha's theory of poetry is very close to that of Confucius, and he pays attention to the beauty of neutralization in literature. He called Nan Zhou and Zhaonan "diligent without complaining", Zhai, _, Wei "worried without being sleepy", Gui "happy without being lewd", Wei "big and graceful, risky and easy to do" and Xiaoya "thinking without being two. The more outstanding performance is his comments on Ode: "Straight but unyielding, curved but unyielding, near but not forced, far but not carried, moved without lewdness, repeated and tireless, sad but not worried, happy but not barren, used without pausing, widely publicized, given without expense, taken without greed, at the bottom, but not flowing". The sigh issued is "the best", because "the five tones are harmonious, the eight tones are flat, the festival is moderate, and the order is kept", so it is "the same as the virtues". It can be seen that Ji Zha's admiration for neutralization and beauty is indeed extreme. The so-called Sino-beauty is the aesthetic reflection of Confucian doctrine of the mean. Confucius realized that anything less than or excessive is not good, and things will decline when they reach their peak, so he "allowed it to be lost." In personal feelings, you can't be happy and sad. Gong Zizhen's "Young people's sorrows and sorrows are too much, and the words are true for no reason" is not in line with Confucius' golden mean standard. Shi Shuo Xin Yu Xie An, a magnanimous man, heard the news of the victory of the Jin army in the Battle of Feishui, forced his joy, so that he broke his fangs. Gu Yong was very sad at the loss of his son, but he forced himself to restrain himself and said, "How can he be responsible for the loss of Ming?" ⑦ It is embodied in literary criticism, that is, it advocates the suppression of too strong feelings, so as to be in line with ceremony, and demands "being happy without lewdness, being sad without injury". This has a direct impact on the formation of implicit and euphemistic style of classical poetry, because to suppress feelings, it is often to sing three sighs instead of revealing everything. Therefore, the artistic conception of literature has a deep flavor and is quite chewy. But this is one of the reasons why China didn't have a tragedy like that in ancient Greece.
Impressional literary criticism China's traditional literary criticism lacks systematic theory and rigorous logic, and is often a scale-claw improvisational text. A large number of poetic words belong to this category, while more systematic ones such as Wen Xin Diao Long and Yuan Shi are different. As Mr. Ye Jiaying said, the traditional literary criticism in China is designed for the people with rich roots, while the western literary criticism takes care of the people with blunt roots. In this way, on the contrary, China's literary criticism seems to be more brilliant. For example, Shi Pin, like Si Kongtu, is simply written in the language of poetry, and Lu Ji's Wen Fu is also a delicate and beautiful article. However, this impressionistic literary criticism also has its drawbacks. Because after all, the Reagan people are a minority, although the author has written some insights for further study, the readers are often confused. For example, although Mr. Wang Jing 'an's "Ci Hua on Earth" is a recognized masterpiece, there are many lawsuits about "where there is me", "where there is no me" and what is "separation" and "non-separation". On the one hand, although it is the limitation of readers, as mentioned above, the Reagan people are a minority after all; On the other hand, it also lies in the fuzziness and ambiguity of the concept and the ambiguity of expression. And there are indeed some empty poetic words, which are faint and make people clear. Just like some cases in Zen Buddhism, some monks claim to be enlightened and say some specious things. But whether it is realized or not, genius knows. Because there are no standards to judge. Regardless of the quality of this criticism, just look at its roots, which originated in the pre-Qin period. There is such a record in The Analects of Confucius: Zi Gong said, "What if you are poor without flattery and rich without arrogance?" Confucius said, "Yes; If you are not poor, you will be happy, and if you are rich, you will be polite. " Zi Gong said, "The Book of Poetry says,' If you are incisive, if you are cutting, if you are grinding', what does it mean? Confucius said, "If you give me a gift, you can tell me that the Book of Poetry is over." ("Learning to Learn") Zi Xia asked: "I am clever and smiling, and my eyes are looking forward to it, so I thought it was gorgeous." What is also? " Confucius said, "Draw after the event." Say, "After the ceremony?" Confucius said, "Those who give are also businessmen! I can only talk about "Poetry". " ("Ba Shu") The son called Shao, "It's all beautiful, and it's all good." It is called "Wu", "It is perfect, but it is not perfect." ("Ba Shu") From the first two, we can see that the criticism of literature is quite flexible, especially the use of association. Just as Wang Guowei extracted three words to summarize the three realms of scholarship, this is also an impression criticism. Although the author is not necessarily, the reader is not necessarily. This is different from Zhang Huiyan's insistence that the author must be so rigid with this intention. The third comment is very similar to Ji Zha's. Ji Zha commented like this: "See those who dance" Da Wu ". Say:' Beautiful! Zhou Zhisheng also, what if this?' See those who dance Shao _. Say:' Virtue is supreme! Great, such as the sky, such as the earth. Although it is very virtuous, its contempt is added to it. Watch it! If he is happy, I dare not invite him. " "Great Martial Arts" is a dance of Zhou Wuwang, and there is irony in Ji Zha's praise, that is, Confucius said: "It is perfect, but it is not perfect." Shao _ is Shun's dance, and Ji Zha's praise is hard to say, that is, Confucius said, "It is as beautiful as it is good." Here, Ji Zha's comments are both criticism of impression and criticism of image. Because Confucius and Ji Zha have similar viewpoints and comments, I cite The Analects of Confucius to illustrate the critical way of this article.
Give a few more examples of Ji Zha's comments on Zhou Le: "Song for Qi". Say:' Beautiful, magnificent, and windy! What is the grandeur of those who represent the East China Sea?' ""Song of Wei. Yue:' beautiful, _ _ Hu! Big and graceful, risky and easy to do, supplemented by virtue, you will know the master. " ""for the song "lesser". Say:' Beautiful! Thinking without thinking, complaining without speaking, is the decline of Zhou De? There are still adherents of my late king. " ""for the song "elegance". Say:' wide zai! Xi Xi Hu! What's the virtue of a king of letters when he has a straight body? " "Is both the impression of criticism, but also the image of criticism. With the wings of association and synaesthesia, natural personnel can do anything.
Notes ① Notes on Mao's Poems, Volume 1: Poems Entering Music, Volume 1 of History of Ancient Chinese Literature, edited by Guo Yuheng, Chapter 3 of Kong Congzi's inaugural tour, Notes on Eating Goods in Han Dynasty, Selection of Literary Theories in Past Dynasties, ⑥ Yu Jiaxi's Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu
Third, Zuo Qiuming's other poems,
Cao Gui Debate, Uncle Jian Weeping Teacher, and the retreat of the candle. IV. Note
Wu Gongzi's letter: that is, Ji Zha, the youngest son of Wu Wangshoumeng.
Zhou Le: the music and dance of the Zhou royal family.
worker: musician.
Nan Zhou and Zhaonan: the first two styles of the Fifteen Kingdoms in The Book of Songs. The following are all the poems of countries in the national style.
the foundation: the foundation was laid at first.
diligence: hard work and diligence.
resentment: resentment.
Tai: the vassal state of Zhou Dynasty, in the south of Tangyin, Henan Province. The vassal state of Zhou Dynasty is in the south of Xinxiang, Henan Province.
Wei: The vassal state of Zhou Dynasty was in Qixian County, Henan Province.
uncle kang: the younger brother of duke Zhou, the founding monarch of Wei.
Duke Wu: Uncle Kang's ninth grandson.
Wang: namely Feng Wang, a musical song after Zhou Ping and Wang Dong moved to Luoyi.
Zheng: The Zhou Dynasty was a vassal state, in the present Xinzheng area of Henan Province.
fine: trivial. Music is used here to symbolize government orders.
great: grand appearance.
stand for the East China Sea: set an example for the East China Sea vassal states.
Dagong: Taigong refers to Lu Shang, the founding monarch of the country, that is, Jiang Taigong.
tapir: the old capital of Gong Liu in the Western Zhou Dynasty is in the northeast of Bin County, Shaanxi Province.
swing: a broad look.
the east of the duke of Zhou: refers to the duke of Zhou's eastward expedition.
Xia: Wangqiao area in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In today's Shaanxi and Gansu areas. Positive voice, elegant voice.
Wei: the name of the vassal, which is in the north of Rui County, Shanxi Province. The way it floats lightly.
risk: unevenness, which refers to the change of music.
Tang: In Taiyuan, Shanxi. Shu Yu, the founding monarch of Jin State, was sealed in Tang Dynasty.
Tao Tang's family refers to Emperor Yao. The state of Jin is the old place of Tao Tang.
After Lingde: descendants of virtuous people, referring to the descendants of Tao Tang.
Chen: Wanqiu, the capital, is in Huaiyang, Henan Province.
Zhai: In the south of Zhengzhou, Henan Province, it was wiped out by the State of Zheng.
ridicule: criticism.
Xiaoya: refers to the poems in the poem Xiaoya.
Pre-kings: refer to the kings of Zhou Dynasty, such as Wen, Wu, Cheng and Kang.
"Elegance" refers to "Poetry Elegance"