1. If the idiom story does not exceed 20 words (classical prose is also acceptable), it must be very short.
Sit back and wait for the rabbit.
People in the Song Dynasty had cultivators. There is a plant in the field. The rabbit walked and hit the plant, broke its neck and died. Because he released his weeds and guarded the plant, he hoped to get the rabbit again. Rabbits are not available, but being in the Song Dynasty laughs
Translation: There was a farmer in the Song Dynasty who worked in the fields every day. One day, the farmer was working in the fields, and suddenly a hare jumped out of the grass. The hare was frightened when he saw someone. He ran desperately, but unexpectedly hit a tree stump in the farmer's field, broke his neck and died. The farmer put down his farm work and walked over to pick up the dead rabbit. He was very grateful for his good luck. When he got home in the evening, the farmer gave the dead rabbit to his wife. The wife cooked delicious hare meat, and the couple had a wonderful meal talking and laughing. The next day, the farmer went to work in the fields as usual, but he was no longer as attentive as before. Waiting for the rabbit
After working for a while, he would peek and listen into the grass, hoping that another rabbit would jump out and hit the tree stump. In this way, he worked absent-mindedly for a day, and he didn't even finish hoeing the land that was supposed to be hoeed. He didn't see any rabbits coming out until dark, so he went home reluctantly. On the third day, the farmer came to the field and had no intention of hoeing. He put the farm tools aside and sat on the field edge next to the tree stump, waiting for the wild rabbit to come out. But I waited another day in vain. Later, the farmer stayed by the tree stump like this every day, hoping to pick up another rabbit, but he never got another rabbit. But the weeds in the farmer's field grew taller and taller, covering up his crops. The farmer therefore became the laughing stock of Song people. [2] If you still use the old methods to govern the current people now, it will be like guarding a tree and waiting for a rabbit to hit you. 2. A classical Chinese article and explanation of no more than 20 words (explanation of about 10 words) please
Masters and Disciples of Confucius expressed their ambitions
Original text by Yan Yuan and Ji Lushi. Confucius said: "What do you say about your aspirations?" Zilu said: "I wish that my carriage, horse, clothing, and fur would be with my friends, and I would have no regrets." Yan Yuan said: "I wish that I would never do good deeds, and that I would not do any hard work." Zilu said. : "I would like to hear about Confucius' ambition." Confucius said: "The old are at peace with it, the friends believe in it, and the young are pregnant with it."
Translation Yan Hui and Zi Lu stood beside Confucius. Confucius said: "Why don't you talk about it each? "Your own ambitions." Zilu said: "I hope to have carriages and horses to ride on, to wear light and warm leather robes, and to use them with friends. Even if they are worn out and worn out, they will not complain." Yan Yuan said. : "I am willing not to boast about my strengths or express my merits." Zilu said: "I am willing to listen to your ambitions, teacher." Confucius said: "Let the old live comfortably, let all friends trust, and make the young "
2
, Fan Zhongyan has ambitions in the world
Original text Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless. He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Sometimes he is lazy at night and often feeds his noodles with water. He eats porridge while reading without food. As an official, he always discussed world affairs generously without caring about his own life. He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou as a political advisor. Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing. He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness."
Translation Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family was poor and helpless. He had lofty ambitions when he was young and often washed his head and face with cold water. I often couldn't even eat, so I ate porridge and kept studying. After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs without caring about his own life. So much so that some people were demoted for speaking ill of him, and were demoted from being the governor of Dengzhou to being the governor of Dengzhou. Fan Zhongyan trained himself hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided food and clothing for his wife and children by himself. He often recited two sentences from his works: "A scholar should worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy."
3. Chen Fan is willing to sweep away the world
< p> Original text: On the fifteenth day of the year of Fan, I had a quiet time in a room, but the courtyard was dirty. Xue Qin, a friend of his father's from the same county, came to wait for him and said to the feudal lord, "Why don't you sweep the house to entertain the guests?" The feudal lord said, "When a man lives in the world, he should sweep the world and live in peace in one house?" Strange. ————Excerpted from Fan Ye, author of "Book of the Later Han"Translation When Chen Fan was fifteen years old, he used to live alone in a place with a very messy courtyard and house. His father's friend Xue Qin from the same city came to visit him and said to him, "Son, why don't you clean the room to greet the guests?" Chen Fan said, "When a man deals with things, his duty should be to clean up the world. He can't care about a room. Things about the house." Xue Qin believed that he was unique in his ambition to clarify the world.
4. Ban Chao surrendered his pen and joined the army
The original text was Ban Chao, whose courtesy name was Zhongsheng. He was a native of Pinling, Fufeng, and the youngest son of Xu Lingbiao. A man who has great ambitions and doesn't pay attention to details. However, he is filial and sincere, always works hard at home, and is not ashamed of the humiliation of hard work. There is oral defense, but he dabbles in writing and biography. Yongping five years. Brother Gu was called to be a school secretary, and Chao and his mother followed him to Luoyang. Banchao's family was poor, so he often wrote letters to official servants to support him. Long hard work. When he quit his job and started writing, he sighed and said: "A man who has no other ambitions should follow the example of Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian and make meritorious service in foreign lands in order to win the title of marquis. How can he be able to spend a long time between writing and inkstone?" Everyone laughed at this. Chao said: "You know what a strong man's ambition is!"
Translation Ban Chao has great ambitions and does not care about small things.
However, he is filial and diligent at home, often working hard in his life, and does not regard labor as a shame. He was eloquent and had a thorough reading of many historical books. In 62 AD (the fifth year of Yongping), his elder brother Ban Gu was recruited as a school clerk. Ban Chao and his mother also accompanied Ban Chao to Luoyang. Because his family was poor, Ban Chao often copied books for the government to earn money to support his family. He was copying for a long time and was exhausted. Once, he stopped what he was doing, threw down his pen and sighed: "If a man doesn't have better ambitions and strategies, he should be like Fu Jiezi in the Zhao Emperor period and Zhang Qian in the Wu Emperor period. How can he be busy with pens and inkstones for a long time when he has made great achievements in a foreign land and won a title? "The people around him laughed at him, and Ban Chao said: "How can you understand the ambition of a strong man?" < /p>
5. Zongqi rides the wind and waves
The original text is Zongqi (què), whose character is Yuanqian, and he is a native of Niyang, Nanyang. Uncle Bing is a noble man but not an official. When he was young, Bing asked him about his ambitions, and he said, "I would like to ride on the long wind and break thousands of miles of waves." Bing said, "If you are not rich, you will destroy my door." My brother married a wife and started to enter the house. He was robbed at night. When he was fourteen years old, he stood up to resist the thieves. More than ten thieves were all in disarray and were not allowed to enter the house. At that time, there was nothing going on in the world. Scholars took literature and justice as their profession. Bingsu was noble and noble. All the disciples from ⑶ were eager to learn, but they were only Renqi. ⑷ was fond of martial arts, so they were not called Xiangqu.
The translation name of Zongqi is Yuanqian, a native of Niyang, Nanyang. His uncle was Zong Bing, courtesy name Shaowen. He was very knowledgeable but refused to be an official. When Zong Ji was young, Zong Bing asked him what his ambition would be when he grew up. He replied: "I hope that the strong wind will blow away the huge waves that stretch thousands of miles." Zong Bing said: "Even if you are not rich and powerful, you will definitely be able to honor your ancestors." Once Zongbi's brother Zongmi got married, and on the night of the wedding, there was Robbers come to rob. Zong Tie was only 14 years old at the time, but he stood up and fought with the robbers, beating more than a dozen robbers to the ground and unable to enter the main house. At that time, the world was peaceful, and people with a certain reputation believed that practicing essays to gain fame was a legitimate career. Because Zong Bing was highly educated, everyone followed him and liked to read Confucian classics. However, Zong Tie remained unknown because of his willfulness and love of martial arts. 3. Looking for 20 short extracurricular classical Chinese essays of no more than 200 words
1. Childlike Interest (Shen Fu) I recall that when I was a child, I could open my eyes to the sun and see clearly, and I would carefully examine the texture of small things. , so there is something outside of things.
In the summer, mosquitoes turn into thunder. I secretly imagine a group of cranes dancing in the sky. Wherever I want to go, there are thousands or hundreds of cranes. Sure enough, they are cranes. When I look up at them, my neck is very strong. He also left the mosquitoes under the plain tent and slowly sprayed the smoke, causing them to fly away against the smoke. They looked like a blue cloud and white cranes, and they looked like cranes in the sky, which made them happy and happy.
I would often squat on the concave and convex places of the earthen wall or the flowerbeds where grasses are cluttered, so that they are flush with the platform; I would look carefully and see the grass as a forest, insects and mosquitoes as beasts, and the earth and gravel as protrusions. It is a hill, and the concave ones are gullies. The mind wanders among them, enjoying itself. One day, I saw two insects fighting among the grass. As I watched, I was very excited. Suddenly, a huge thing came up, uprooted the mountain and felled the tree, covered it with a mangy toad, and swallowed all the two insects with a flick of its tongue.
When I was young, I was lost in thought and was startled. He was calm, caught the shrimps and toads, whipped them dozens of times, and drove them away to other courtyards.
Translation: I recall that when I was young, I could look directly at the sun with my eyes wide open. My eyesight was very good. Whenever I encountered small things, I had to carefully observe their texture, so I could often feel The pleasure of transcending things themselves. In the summer night, the mosquitoes made a thunderous cry. I compared them to a group of cranes flying in the sky. When I thought about it, there were literally hundreds of white cranes in front of me. When I looked up at them, my neck became stiff. .
I left a few mosquitoes in the white tent and slowly sprayed them with smoke so that they flew and screamed against the smoke, forming a picture of white cranes in the blue clouds. It really looked like a group of cranes beside the blue clouds. It sounded like a cry, which made me very happy. I often squat down in places with uneven earth walls or overgrown weeds on flower beds, making my body as high as the platform. I regard the grass as a forest, the insects and mosquitoes as wild beasts, and the protruding parts of the soil as The low parts of the hills and valleys were regarded as ravines, so I traveled around in this realm based on my imagination, feeling happy and satisfied.
One day, I saw two small insects fighting in the grass. I squatted down to observe. I was very interested. Suddenly, a huge beast came up from the mountain and knocked down the tree. It turned out that It was a toad, and as soon as it stuck out its tongue, it ate up both bugs. I was very young at the time, and I was fascinated by what I saw, and I couldn't help but scream in surprise.
After regaining consciousness, he caught the toad, whipped it dozens of times, and drove it to another yard.
2. "The Analects of Confucius" Ten Chapters 1. Confucius said: "Isn't it also good to learn and practice it over time? Isn't it a pleasure to have friends from afar? If people don't know and are unhappy, isn't that a gentleman?" 2. Zengzi said : "I will examine my body three times in a day: I will be unfaithful in my plans; I will not trust my friends; I will not trust my teachings; I will not be accustomed to them." 3. Confucius said: "By reviewing the past and learning the new, you can become a teacher." 4. Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is a waste; thinking without learning is peril." 5. The Master said: "You know it by teaching a girl! If you know something, you know it. If you don't know it, you don't know it. This is knowledge." 6. The Master said: "When you see the wise, think about them." Yan, when you see someone who is not good, you have to introspect yourself." 7. Confucius said: "When three people walk together, there must be my teacher Yan; choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones." 8. Zengzi said: "The scholars do not There is no need to be ambitious, because the responsibilities are heavy and the road is long. Being benevolent is one's own responsibilities, and it is not as important as death, nor is it far away." 9. Confucius said: "The years are cold, and then you know that the pines and cypresses will wither." 10. Zigong asked: : "There is a saying that can be carried out throughout your life." Confucius said: "Forgive me! Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you." Translation: 1. Confucius said: "After learning (knowledge), then follow it for a certain period of time Isn’t it happy to practice (review) it? Isn’t it also happy to have like-minded people coming from afar? If I don’t resent you when people don’t understand me, isn’t that a gentleman?” 2. Zeng Zi said : "I reflect on myself many times every day: Am I doing my best when doing things for others? Is it honest when dealing with friends? Have I reviewed the studies taught by the teacher?" 3. Confucius said: "After reviewing the old knowledge, If you can have new experiences and discoveries, you can become a teacher."
4. Confucius said: "If you just read without thinking, you will be confused and gain nothing; if you just dream without reading, you will have ( The danger of falling into heresy." 5. Confucius said: "Teach you the attitude towards knowing and not knowing: knowing means knowing, not knowing means not knowing - this is wisdom. "
6. Confucius said: "When you see a virtuous person, you should try to emulate him; when you see an unworthy person, you should reflect on whether you have similar problems to him." 7. Confucius said: "When several people are walking together, there must be my teacher among them. I want to choose their strengths to learn from, and correct their shortcomings (when I see that I have them)."
8. Zengzi said: "A scholar cannot be broad-minded and strong-willed, because he has a strong sense of responsibility. We have a great mission, but the journey is very long. Isn’t it also very important to realize the ideal of benevolence? Isn’t it also very far until death?” 9. Confucius said: “(encountered) In the cold winter, I know that the pine and cypress trees are the last to lose their leaves."
10. Zigong asked: "Is there a saying that I can follow throughout my life?" Confucius said: "That is probably 'Shu (Tao)'. 'Go! Don't inflict on others what you hate." 3. Five Ancient Poems: "Viewing the Sea" (Landing the Jieshi in the East) Cao Cao walked eastward to the Jieshi to view the sea.
How can the water be dull? The mountains and islands are standing tall. There are many trees and lush grass.
The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising. The movement of the sun and the moon can only appear within it; the brilliant stars can only appear within it.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition. Translation: Go east and climb Jieshi Mountain to see the sea.
The sea is so wide and mighty, and Jieshi Mountain stands high on the seaside. Jieshi Mountain is covered with trees and all kinds of grasses grow luxuriantly.
The autumn wind is blowing, and huge waves are rising on the sea. The movements of the sun and the moon seem to start from this vast ocean.
The stars of the Milky Way are brilliant, as if they were produced from this vast ocean. I am so lucky to express my thoughts and feelings through singing.
2. "Under the Cibeigu Mountain" Wangwan Passengers travel under the green mountains and boat in front of the green water. The tide is flat, the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging.
Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year. Where can I find the hometown book? It's near Yanluoyang.
Translation: The road that travelers want to take is stretching into the distance from Qingqing Beigu Mountain. The blue waves on the river were rippling, and I happened to be taking the boat forward.
The tide rises and reaches the shore, and the river becomes open and boundless. The gentle breeze blows, and the direction of the wind is not biased. A white sail seems to be hanging in the sky above the river.
The red sun was born from the East China Sea, breaking through the remaining night and driving away the darkness of the earth. The river is filled with a warm atmosphere, and spring has entered the old year early.
How much I miss my dear hometown. I have already written the letter. How can I send it back home? . 4. 20 ultra-short classical Chinese essays
(1) Guan Yu was hit by an arrow when he scraped bones to treat poisonous feathers, which penetrated his left arm. Although the wound healed later, his bones often hurt every time it rained.
The doctor said: "The arrowhead is poisonous, and the poison penetrates into the bone. It is necessary to break the arm and scrape the bone to remove the poison, and then the ear can be removed." Yu then stretched out his arm and asked the doctor to chop it.
At that time, Yu Shi asked the generals to eat and drink in front of each other. The blood from their arms flowed away and filled the dishes. (2) Wang Rong met Li Wang Rong when he was seven years old, and he often went out with other children.
Looking at the many branches of the plum tree beside the road, the children raced to get them, but Rong couldn't move. When someone asked about it, he replied: "The tree beside the road has many seeds, so the plum trees must suffer."
Take it, believe it. (3) Fan Zhongyan aspired to the world. Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless.
He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Or he is lazy at night and often eats rice with water. He eats porridge while reading without food. As an official, he always discussed world affairs generously without caring about his own life.
He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou by participating in political affairs. Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing.
He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the worries of the world first, and rejoice in the happiness of the world later." (4) When Lu Ji was six years old, he met Yuan Shu in Jiujiang.
The skill comes out of oranges, and I have three tangerines in my arms; go and bow down and fall to the ground. Shu said, "Is Mr. Lu pregnant with oranges when he is a guest?" Ji knelt down and replied, "I want to return to my deceased mother."
The skill is amazing. (5) Yang Xiu ate cheese and the people paid Wei Wu a cup of cheese. Wei Wu ate a little and put the word "合" on his head to show it to the public, but no one could understand it.
The next time he came to Yang Xiu, Xiu ate it and said, "Young Master, I just took a bite. How can I doubt it?" (6) Zheng people buy shoes. Zheng people who want to buy shoes should first satisfy themselves , and leave it to sit. Go to the market and forget to operate it.
Having found it, he said: "I forgot to keep it!" He returned to get it. When I returned, the market stopped and I couldn't walk.
People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to be trustworthy than to be confident." (7) Wen Zhengming practiced calligraphy. Wen Zhengming wrote the "Thousand-Character Essay", which became famous day by day. Ten books were the first, and the book progressed greatly.
I have been reading books all my life, and I have never been content with answering people's simple notes. I rarely pay attention to them, but I will never tire of changing them over and over again, so the older I get, the more sophisticated they become. (8) Covering one's ears and stealing the bell. With the death of the Fan family, there are people who can steal the bell.
If you want to carry it and walk away, the bell will be too big to bear; if you destroy it with the vertebrae, the bell will still have sound. Afraid of being heard and taken away from me, I quickly cover my ears.
If evil people hear it, it is okay; if evil people hear it themselves, it is contrary. (9) Riddle A riddle written by Wang Jinggong in a play: "When it is drawn, it is round, when it is written, it is square; the east time is short, and the summer time is long."
Jifu explained: "There is a fish in the East China Sea, without a head or a tail. , except for the backbone, this is the mystery." (10) The finishing touch. Zhang Sengyao painted four dragons on the wall in Jinling Anle Temple without the finishing touch.
It is said: "If you click on it, it will fly away." People think it is a birth, because they click on one.
In a moment, thunder and lightning broke through the wall, and a dragon rode on the clouds to the sky. Anyone who didn't wink was there. (11) Xiang Ji Xingyun Xue Tan learned a lot from Qin Qing, but he did not have the skills of Qin Qing, so he said that he had exhausted it, so he resigned and returned.
Qin Qing does not stop, he is leaving in the suburbs, singing sad songs at festivals, the sound vibrates the trees, and the sound stops the moving clouds. Xue Tan thanked him for his rebellion and dared not return home for the rest of his life.
(12) Snakes hold grass in their heads. In the past, there was a field father plowing the land, and it was worth seeing the injured snake. There was a snake with grass in its mouth on the sore. The snake was wounded by the sun and ran away.
Tian's father took the remaining leaves of the grass to treat sores and tested them all. I don't know the name of the grass because it is named after "snake title".
"Baopuzi" says, "The snake's title refers to the snake holding the grass, which can restore the broken finger as before." This is true. (13) Lingyun, the Taoist priest of Divine Acupuncture, traveled north to Mount Tai. He was visiting a patient in front of an ancient temple and was dying.
Yun sighed for a long time. One of the people suddenly said: "Do you want to live?" He said: "This person has poisonous energy invading his body. He is not dead. The poison dissipates and causes his ears to grow on its own." (14) Yang Wulian had an ingenious idea. Yang Wulian was very ingenious. He tried to carve wood as a monk in Qinzhou City, holding a bowl, and he could beg.
When you put money in the bowl, the key suddenly comes out, and you naturally say: "Give alms." The people in the city watch, and others say nothing, and the giver makes a profit of thousands every day.
(15) What is the benefit of talking too much? Ziqin: "Is it beneficial to talk too much?" Mozi said: "'Shrimps, toads, frogs and flies have mouths with thousands of tongues, but don't listen to them. Today, I look at the morning chicken. Sometimes it sounds, and the world vibrates.
What's the point of talking too much, but it's time to speak." (16) Woodcut Zhong Kui In the Qing Dynasty of the Song Dynasty, there was a sorcerer named Li who had many ingenious ideas.
The woodcarving of Zhong Kui dancing is about three feet tall, holding an iron slip in his right hand. Put scented bait in Zhong Kui's left hand, and if the rat feeds with his hand, he will strangle the rat with his left hand and kill it with a stick with his right hand.
(17) Shang Yang’s order to build a wooden building was already there but not yet issued. He was afraid that the people would not believe him, so he erected a tree three feet tall at the south gate of the capital city. Those who could recruit people who could move to the north gate were given ten gold coins. . The people are so strange that no one dares to move.
He replied, "Those who can move will be given fifty gold." There was a man who moved there, and he gave him fifty gold to show his innocence and not deceive him.
The soldier gave the order. (18) Chenggong picked up his salary and studied hard. Chenggong Shaogu was eight years old and worked as a pig collector.
A man named Xu Zisheng in his hometown taught hundreds of students the "Spring and Autumn Classic". When I passed the palace and lived in the pavilion, I was happy with my work. Because I listened to the scriptures, I invited my disciples to stay and collect salary for other students. I worked hard for several years and studied diligently.
(19) Taking the common people as the armor soldiers, Xuanling wrote: "The armor soldiers in the palace are far superior to those in the Sui Dynasty." It said: "The armor soldiers are well prepared and cannot be neglected. However, isn't it enough for Emperor Yang to have armor soldiers?" The world will be destroyed.
If you try your best to bring peace to the people, this is my best soldier." (20) A plan for a year's rest is better than a tree; a plan for ten years is better than a tree. A lifelong plan is to cultivate people.
The one who reaps one harvest from a tree is a grain; the one who reaps ten harvests from a tree is a human being.