Jiangkui
Xichun Shen Bing arrived in Japan and was praised by Weiyang. At the beginning of the night snow, he looked forward to the wheat. When you enter its city, you look around for depression and the cold water is green. Twilight gradually rises, and the defensive angle mourns. I feel sad and sad. Because of this song, the old man in Yan Qian thinks there is sadness of separation.
Huaizuomingdu, Zhuxi is a good place with few saddles on the initial journey.
Ten miles after the spring breeze, the wheat is green.
Looking at the river from Huma; Abandoning the pool tree is still tirelessly talking about soldiers.
At dusk, the horn is bright and the cold is blowing, all in the empty city.
It is not surprising that Du's reward is too heavy now.
Vertically speaking, although the dream of a brothel is good, it is difficult to be affectionate.
The 24th Bridge is still there, the waves are swaying, and Leng Yue is silent.
After reading the red medicine by the bridge, you will know who you should live for every year!
This poem was written on the solstice of winter in the third year of Xichun in Song Xiaozong (1 176). The preface before the poem explains the writing time, place and motivation.
Jiang Kui, who passed by Yangzhou, witnessed the depression in Yangzhou after the war and looting, recalled the past and the present, lamented the desolation of today, and recalled the prosperity of the past, and sent it in poetry to express his nostalgia for the prosperity of Yangzhou in the past and his grief over the broken mountains and rivers today.
When Baishi arrived in Yangzhou, he was only fifteen years away from Jin Zhunan, when the author was only in his twenties. As soon as this famous poem was published, it was called "the sadness of parting" by his uncle Xiao Dezao (an old man in Yan Qian). Book of Songs. Five winds. After Zhou Pingwang moved eastward, the Forbidden City became ill and millet was everywhere. Seeing this, the poet mourned for his hometown and could not bear to leave.
This poem fully embodies the author's idea that poetry should be "implicit" and "there is a aftertaste in the sentence, and the article has a aftertaste" (Baishi Daozang Poetry), and it is also a rare masterpiece for poets in past dynasties to express "sadness" and full aftertaste. Yangzhou, where the poet "takes off his saddle and stays less", is located in the south of Huaihe River and is a fascinating "famous city" in history. "The Beauty of Zhu Xi" originated from Du Mu's "Yangzhou Zen Temple Title". The pavilion is called Zhuxi, which is in front of Dongshugang Temple in Yangzhou and has beautiful scenery.
But after the ravages of the nomads from behind, it is now full of mutton docks. After the destruction of Huma, remnants can be seen everywhere. With the method of "less is more", the poet only took two shots: "Ten miles after the spring breeze, the wheat fields are green" and "the abandoned pond trees" in the city. "Green Wheat" reminds people of the poem "He Su Li" repeatedly recited by ancient poets, and adds the feelings of Qingshan's old country from the unique sad color of "Green Wheat". The "waste pool" is devastated, and the "trees" are entrusted with their love for their homeland.
The mood caused by this scenery is "still tired of talking about soldiers." Chen Tingzhuo, a Qing Dynasty man, especially appreciated this description. He said: "The scene after writing the soldiers is realistic. The word' I am still tired of talking about soldiers' contains words that hurt people infinitely. Others are tired of thousands of words and do not have this charm. " ("Bai Yu Zhai Hua Ci" Volume II) Here, the author uses anthropomorphic techniques, and even the "waste pond tree" hates the unjust war launched by the Jin people. Things are like this, let alone people! This is also an aesthetic empathy.
At the end of the last film, there are three sentences: "It's dusk, the corner is cold and blowing, and it's all in an empty city", but I changed a picture, and from what I saw and heard, the atmosphere was even stronger. As the sun sets, dusk falls, and the long sound of clearing horns breaks the silence of dusk, that is, it uses sound to set off silence and increase depression. The words "clearing corners and blowing cold" are beautifully written. Cold was originally the tactile feeling that the weather gave people, but the author did not say cold, but said "blowing cold", which linked the sadness of the horn sound with the cold weather, pulled away the natural causes of cold and highlighted the artificial emotional color. It seems that the sound of the horn blew away the cold of this empty city.
What you hear through hearing is the wailing of the clear horn, what you feel through touch is the chill, and then you are connected with the "green wheat" and "waste pond trees" that you see visually. These are intertwined, all the scenery is unified in this "empty city" in space, and the word "all in" connects all the scenery together. He used the word "empty" to turn the scenery into emotion, to integrate the emotion in the scene with the emotion in the scene, and to write the grief and indignation caused by leaving the empty city after the fall of the nomads from the army. I wrote that I didn't think about the recovery of the Song Dynasty, and even slightly ruined the sadness of this famous city. He also wrote how the Song Dynasty used such an "empty city" to defend the border without causing people's worries, deep sorrow and hatred.
It is one of the characteristics of this poem to write scenery and express feelings by comparing the past with the present. The first film compares the former "famous city" with today's "empty city"; Take the former "Spring Breeze Ten Miles of Yangzhou Road" (Du Mu's farewell) as the contrast of today's desolate scene-"Let the wheat be green". In the following films, the past "Du Lang Shang Jun", "The Peach Blossom Palace" and "Dream Beautiful Brothel" were used to show today's romance, scenery and emotional difficulties. The music of "Moonlit Night on the Twenty-four Bridges" in the past (Du Mu's article "To Han Chuo, Yangzhou Magistrate") sets off the sad scene of "the waves shake Leng Yue silently" today. The main purpose of writing Du Mu's affair in the next part is not to comment on and miss Du Mu, but to point out such an "emotion" in the way of "turning reality into emptiness": even if Du Mu's romantic envy and "nutmeg ci" are returned to Yangzhou now, they will be surprised by the difference between rivers and mountains. Borrowing the historical facts of Du Lang, we can sort out and compare the pain of "difficult distribution". The artistic description of "vacillating Leng Yue is silent" is a very fine close-up. The 24 th Bridge is still there, and the moonlit night is still there, but the romantic prosperity of "Jade Man Blowing the Flute" no longer exists. The poet set off the silence of "Leng Yue" with the movement of "wave heart swinging" under the bridge. "Wandering in my heart" is a top view, and "Leng Yue is silent" was originally a top view, but it was reflected in the water and became a top view, which combined with the rippling water waves under the bridge to form a picture. From this picture, it seems that we can see the image of the poet bowing his head in meditation. In short, writing about the prosperity of the past is precisely to show the depression of today.
It is also one of the characteristics of this poem to make good use of predecessors' poems and virtual methods to make them unsinkable, lingering and endless. "Yangzhou Slow" makes extensive use of Du Mu's poems and poetic scenes (as many as four places), points out Du Lang's appreciation of romanticism, and integrates Du Mu's poetic scenes into his own.