"Xia Ke Xing"
Author: Li Bai
Dynasty: Tang
Original text
Zhao Keman and Hu Ying , Wu Gou Shuang Xue Ming.
The silver saddle shines on the white horse, rustling like a shooting star.
Kill one person in ten steps and leave no trace in a thousand miles.
When the matter is over, he brushes off his clothes and goes away, hiding his body and name.
While passing Xinling for a drink, I took off my sword and stretched my knees forward.
He will eat Zhu Hai while holding a wine glass to persuade the marquis to win.
Three cups of Tu Runuo, the five mountains are lighter.
After the eyes are dazzled and the ears are hot, the spirit and spirit are born.
He waved the golden mallet to save Zhao, Handan was shocked first.
Two warriors from the Qianqiu period, the most powerful people in Daliang City.
Even if you die, you will still be a hero, but you will not be ashamed of being a hero in the world.
Who can write your Excellency, Baishou Taixuan Sutra?
Translation
The chivalrous hats of Zhao are casually dotted with Hu tassels, and the Wu-gou sword is as bright as frost and snow.
The silver saddle and the white horse complement each other, and they gallop like a rustling meteor.
Within ten steps, one person will be killed for sure, and no one can be left behind at a thousand-mile pass.
After finishing, he brushed off his clothes and left without making a sound, hiding his identity.
Sometimes when I have free time, I walk through Xinling County, have some wine, and take off my sword and lay it across my knees.
Eat a large piece of meat with Zhu Hai, and drink from a large bowl with Hou Ying.
Three cups of wine are enough to make a promise worth a thousand gold, and the loyalty is more important than the five mountains.
After drinking, the eyes are dizzy and the ears are hot, the spirit is high, and the rainbow is swallowed up with anger.
Zhu Hai swung a golden mallet to kill the general and stole the military talisman to save Zhao, which shocked the army and people of Handan.
Zhu Hai and Hou Yingzhen are two heroes who will be famous throughout the ages in Daliang City.
As a knight, even if he dies, his bones will remain fragrant. He is worthy of being a hero for a lifetime.
Who can be like that Confucian scholar Yang Xiong, who closed his book all his life, his hair turned white, and he was still writing the "Tai Xuan Jing".
Extended information
Li Bai's ancient poem "Xia Ke Xing" expresses his admiration for knights and his yearning for a life of rescuing people from danger and making meritorious deeds.
The first four sentences describe the appearance of the knight from the perspective of his costume, weapons, and mounts.
The second four sentences describe the knight's superb martial arts and his indifference to fame and fortune.
The third four sentences introduce the story of Lord Xinling, Hou Ying, and Zhu Hai to further praise the knights, and at the same time express their ambitions euphemistically. The knight can get to know the master, and the master will use the knight's bravery and strategy to achieve something, and the knight will become famous.
The last four sentences indicate that even if the knight's actions did not achieve the goal, the knight's character will still be remembered for future generations, and is not inferior to those heroes who have achieved fame and success. Those who write history should also write a note for them.
The image of the knight written in the first eight sentences is inconsistent with Zhu and Hou. Zhu is not good at swordsmanship, but is strong and brave. Hou mainly relies on outsmarting to win. The sentence "I had a leisurely drink in Xinling" just connected the knight with a "wise king" like Lord Xinling, because neither Zhu nor Hou got to know Lord Xinling in this way. Li Bai just wanted to get acquainted with a wise master like Lord Xinling in order to realize his political ambition of "approving Guan Yan's words, planning the emperor's skills, using his wisdom, and being willing to serve as an assistant, so that the whole region can be settled, and Hai County can be settled." .
An ancient saying goes: Borrow other people’s stories to build your own base. The same is true for Li Bai's poem!
We know that the knight-errant style was quite popular in the Tang Dynasty. This is related to the Tang Dynasty when transportation in the western regions was developed, the national economy was increasingly prosperous, and urban commerce was prosperous. Therefore, the following is only the tradition of Yanzhao Just a Duo Renxia. In particular, the customs in the Guanlong area "integrate Hu and Han into one body, and there are no special paths in civil and military affairs." (Chen Yinke: "Review of the Political History of the Tang Dynasty") has contributed to the trend of young people liking swordsmanship and being a knight.
Li Bai was greatly influenced by the cultural customs of Guanlong in his youth. Therefore, he studied diligently since childhood and "observed hundreds of schools of thought." "Sword" ("Giving Ma Shaofu Ju to Reminiscing about Old Travels in Xiangyang") Even he never left the sword in his life: "Following the sword and roaring at night, his ambition is thousands of miles away" (Part 2 of "Giving Zhang Xianghao") "A long sword and a glass of wine. "A man's heart is square." ("Gift to Cui Shiyu") It can be said that "civil and military skills have no special path", and he has both in Li Bai.
So, why does the poet Li Bai love swords so much? This is inseparable from the fact that he values ??righteousness over wealth and is a good man. He said: "Fifteen good swordsmanship is common among the princes." It was the popular social consciousness of Renxia at that time. Driven by careerism and ambition, young men who were still in Renxia aspired to do something bold and satisfying, and gain social status. universal praise. Li Bai's poem "Xia Ke Xing" is based on this sense of being a knight.
In "The Journey of a Knight", the poet Li Bai uses exaggerated pen and ink, starting from the costumes of the knights: "Zhao Ke is wearing a tassel, and Wu is covered with frost and snow. The silver saddle shines on the white horse, and it rustles like a shooting star." Only two The ten words seem to be about things rather than people. But the momentum and style of the Ranger at that time are vividly displayed in the present. Because the poet does not write about things exaggeratedly for the sake of things, but writes about things with an eye on people's spiritual momentum. The "Ying" of "Manhu", the "Wu hook" of "Shuangxueming", and the "white horse" of "Sursing like a shooting star" were not only typical, but also revealed the boldness and generosity of the owner. The spirit brought everything to life.
The poet went on to write about the knight's behavior: "Kill one person in ten steps and leave no trace in a thousand miles." When the matter is over, he brushes off his clothes and hides his body and name.
"With only twenty words, it highly summarizes the noble personality of solving problems, not seeking fame and wealth, respecting loyalty, valuing commitment, etc. The poet praised it with the idea of ??"even if a hero is dead, he will not be ashamed of being a hero in the world." In fact, the reason why the poet is so fond of Renxia is because he yearns for this as an ideal personality, so he can write the general social consciousness of Renxia so profoundly and vividly.
Finally, the poet uses the concept of the Warring States Period. The example of "Two Heroes" Hou Ying and Zhu Hai in "Stealing Talisman to Save Zhao and Capture the Jin Army" illustrates the purpose of "even if a hero is dead, he will not be ashamed of being a hero in the world". The general will eat Zhu Hai and hold a cup to persuade the marquis to win. Three cups of vomiting promise, the five mountains are lighter. After the eyes are dizzy and the ears are hot, the spirit is purple and bright. He waved the golden mallet to save Zhao, Handan was shocked first. The two heroes of Qianqiu, Henghe Daliang City. Even if the bones of a dead hero are fragrant, I will not be ashamed of the heroes in the world." This "three cups of vomiting promise makes the five mountains lighter."
After the eyes are dazzled and the ears are hot, the spirit is purple and bright. "Ren Xia, who is serious about his promise and still spirited, is really "generous becomes Sunni, whistling in the breeze." " (Zhang Hua's "The Heroes"). It shocked Daliang City: "Two Heroes of the Qianqiu" are well-deserved. "Not ashamed to be the best in the world"! The poet was amazed by the "Two Heroes", and his love was reflected in his words. < /p>
However, the poet not only sang enthusiastically about the "Two Heroes", but also ruthlessly despised the Yang Xiong generation who compiled Tianlu Pavilion's "Tai Xuan Jing": "Who can write for you? The white poem "Tai Xuan Jing" is something that a strong man would not do!
Although the poem "Xia Ke Xing" praises Ren Xia, because the poet is still Ren Xia, it fully expresses the poet's youthful heroic ambitions.
The knight-errant is a precious cultural gene inherited from ancient times. The function of this cultural gene is to maintain a personal challenge to the power of the system, whether it is in terms of real force. It is also ideological, which prevents the power of the system from controlling everything and prevents this culture from completely losing its vitality. After the Song Dynasty, under the long-term suppression of royal power, this gene has become dormant to a large extent; and in modern times, it has become even more important. The strong oppression of Western civilization has come again. Chinese people have to think about whether they are in line with Western norms and whether they are "gentlemanly" when they eat, dress, raise their hands, cast their feet, or think. Therefore, the cultural gene of knight-errants is not far away in modern China.
Chinese people today still like martial arts novels and martial arts movies very much, but if you really think about the martial arts novels and martial arts movies. You will find that they are just some cute little men and women. As a pastime, cuteness is cute, but it cannot be compared with the heroic realm in Li Bai's poems. In the peaceful world, everything has changed. Others have arranged and managed it, and it is enough for you to have your own leisure; but if the new totalitarian world I mentioned above really comes, we may need to awaken the ancient genes: "Kill one person in ten steps, and leave no trace of a thousand miles." OK. When the matter is over, he brushes off his clothes and hides his body and name.
""Xia Ke Xing", even if it is a kind of "dazzled eyes and ears" sleep talk!