Brahms ohannes brahms (1833- 1897)
Writer's life works: overture to college festivals, violin concerto in D major, German requiem, symphony No.1, symphony No.4, Hungarian dance music and blues.
The overture to the College Festival was written in 1880. 1In March, 879, breslau University awarded Brahms a doctorate in philosophy. He wrote this song to thank him, but it was not finished until August 1880. 188 1 year 1 year premiered in breslau university under the guidance of the composer himself. The author once said that this is "a collection of joyful students' songs at the banquet".
Brahms' Violin Concerto in D Major is indeed one of the four greatest violin concertos in the history of music. Whether it is skill or style, it is as famous as Beethoven and others. Some people say that if Beethoven's violin concerto is a man, Mendelssohn's is a woman. So Brahms' is a man among men. Music critics say Beethoven's violin concerto is calm on the surface, but full of storms inside. What about Brahms' violin concerto? I believe everyone can hear that the first and third movements are vigorous and bold, and the vertical and horizontal character of the giant is different from Beethoven's introverted character. This is one of the reasons why Brahms' violin concerto is particularly magnificent. It can be compared with his first symphony and echo each other. But that seems to be the problem, right? Several European, American and Japanese music critics think that the mature conception of Brahms violin concerto is profound and interesting, and it is almost a perfect treasure, which is not easy to see for other works, but the only flaw is precisely because of its symphony personality. Is this because of the structure of the orchestra or the characteristics of the violin itself? Can't the violin concerto be colorful and powerful? Brahms Piano ConcertoNo. 1 is also symphonic. The orchestra is aggressive, but it seems less controversial. Maybe it's the loud volume and deep rhyme of the piano. Being exposed to the stormy waves of the orchestra, it can still highlight its unique timbre as a stringed instrument and has a unique aesthetic feeling. Concerto partners in violin concerto are stringed instruments and wind instruments, and violin occupies a considerable proportion. The volume of solo violin is limited, and the pitch interval overlaps with concerto violin. Once faced with the ensemble, the solo seems to be swallowed up? I wonder if this explanation is too superficial? There was also a Harcha Du Juan violin concerto in the 20th century, which was rough, bold and beautiful, but it was unheard of that the solo was drowned out because of its magnificent style? Or is it because concerto is basically different from symphony and is not suitable for "symphonization"? Or is it because the expression of concerto is more focused on the performance of solo instruments?
The special position of Brahms' Requiem for Germany in requiem lies in that it is not only sung in German ("Germany" here has the double meaning of "Germany" and "Germany"), but also its lyrics have got rid of the norms of traditional Latin texts and become more humane in spirit, from the divinity of Catholicism to Martin. The Protestant spirit that has arisen in Germany since Luther (Germany in this sense). Brahms began to write German requiem from 1857 when he was only 24 years old. By 186 1, the requiem had written four movements. From 1865 to 1866, Brahms added two movements to commemorate his mother's death. It was not until 1868 that the last piece (the fifth movement with soprano solo) was written, and the composition lasted 1 1 year. The final version of the German Requiem has seven movements. Brahms is a devout Protestant, and the lyrics of the German Requiem are carefully selected and edited by himself from the paragraphs about death, faith and eternal life in the Old Testament and the New Testament translated by Luther. Because Brahms is very familiar with the Bible, the lyrics are composed seamlessly, leaving no trace. As far as words are concerned, it is already a big deal. The music he wrote is in perfect harmony with the lyrics he chose. Although there are mourning and sadness here, there is no traditional horror about doomsday judgment, no content of dedication, atonement and transcendence, but a different belief about life and death: all flesh and blood are like flowers, grass will wither and flowers will wither; But people with faith, death is not a terrible thing, they will get comfort from God. If the word "God" here is replaced by the word "faith", it will have a broader meaning.
Although Brahms wrote only four symphonies, he is still considered as one of the greatest symphony composers after Beethoven. His first symphony is called the tenth symphony by the world. The so-called "No.10" means that this song is the tenth famous symphony after Beethoven's "Immortal Ninth Symphony". Music is full of struggle, worry, depression, depression, joy and other worldly desires, which is the greatest spiritual comfort for people who have experienced vicissitudes of life and the spiritual treasure Brahms left to the world. Interestingly, Brahms deliberately quoted the tune of Ode to Joy from Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in the last movement of this symphony, which is worthy of his reputation as the tenth symphony. It took twenty-one years to compose this song (1855- 1876), when Brahms was forty-three years old. The writing time of this symphony is very long, not because the composer is busy with other composing work, but because he is very cautious. Brahms is very rigorous, especially in symphony creation. He is determined that if he wants to write, he must write works that can keep pace with the "immortal nine symphonies" and not disgrace the style of his predecessors. Therefore, before writing this magnificent masterpiece comparable to Beethoven's symphony, he did not hesitate to spend half his life thinking carefully.
This song was completed on 1885 and premiered by Brahms himself on 10 in the same year. The author began to write this symphony in the summer of 1884, and it took one year to complete it, which shows Brahms' meticulous creative attitude. This symphony is very different from the author's other three symphonies in character: first, it has a sad color that the first three symphonies do not have, that is, what later generations call "classical tragedy." In fact, before this, Brahms often expressed his sadness in his works, but like this song, it was the first time that sadness was used as the keynote of music. Its second feature is that the whole song is written in an ancient way. Of course, quaint is one of the important features of all Brahms' works. Because of these characteristics, this symphony has not been widely understood. But the profound meaning of this song has finally been gradually accepted by the audience. Brahms often played this song before his death, and it often won a house full of applause.
The most well-known music in all Brahms' works is not only played everywhere, but also adapted into various forms of instrumental music. Brahms began to compose this series of music from 1852. At that time, he was very interested in the gypsy music in Vienna, so he wrote many melodies of gypsy music. 1869 began to publish "Hungarian Dance Music Collection", in fact, most of them borrowed the melody of gypsy music and edited it. Brahms's Hungarian Dance Music is a collection of 265,438+0 piano ditties, played by four hands. Although the melody and style of each piece are different, they all combine the characteristics of Hungarian national music and gypsy national music: the rhythm is free, the melody is modified in various ways, the speed changes dramatically, and it has certain improvisation; Although there is no uniform regulation in form, the three-part style is the most. Brahms's Hungarian dance music can all be classified as world famous songs, especially the top ten are most favored by the world.
This lullaby, which is often used for violin solo, was originally a popular song written by 1868. According to legend, the author gave this cordial and sincere lullaby to Mrs. Farber to congratulate her on giving birth to her second son. Mrs Faber is a famous singer in Vienna. Brahms 1859 In Hamburg, she once heard a Bowman's waltz. Brahms was deeply moved by her beautiful singing. Later, she changed syncopation with the melody of waltz as the accompaniment of this lullaby, as if the mother were patting the baby to sleep. The lyrics of the original song are "sleep in peace, sleep here, the small bed is full of roses, the fragrant wind blows into the dream, the mosquitoes and flies are silent, and the baby sleeps sweetly." May you sleep comfortably until the sun rises. " The quiet and beautiful melody itself is a lyric poem. Later generations adapted this song into light music, which spread widely in the world like folk songs.