Li He is a young man who plays the violin. Obviously, he is very thin, with straight eyebrows, big nose and long fingers, but he always pretends to be a strong man. He wrote, "Why not take Wu Gou and take fifty states to Guanshan? If you are a scholar Wan Huhou, please go to Lingyange temporarily. "
Obviously, he is a poor family and "dressed like a flying quail and a horse like a dog", but he will never forget his ancestral home in Li Tang. He called himself "the grandson of the emperor", "the grandson" and "the grandson of the Tang Dynasty" many times in his poems.
But compared with the most painful things in his life, these things are the rain in Mao Mao. This thing is-it is difficult to be calm about life when you are not qualified for scientific research. It sounds vulgar, but it was like that at the time. Scholars have no other way out except to be officials, and Li Bai and Du Fu can't be refined. The only difference is that these people's aspirations do not start with grass-roots civil servants (that is, "officials"), but their pattern is like this: "Be a gentleman for the sake of a gentleman, and then make the customs pure" (Du Fu) and "Make friends with princes for long-term employment" (Li Bai).
But dreams are dreams, and reality is reality. There were many unlucky poets in the Tang Dynasty, except Zhang Ji, who wrote Cold Night repeatedly, and some were even worse. For various reasons, they were not qualified for the next exam, such as Li He.
Why can't Li He take part in scientific research? Because he has a liar. What happened to this father's name? Just called "Li Jinsu", "Jin Su" and "Jinshi". The ancients wanted to avoid his father, whose name was "Jin Su", and his son could not be admitted to Jinshi.
Angry Han Yu complained for him: "If the father's surname is Jin Mingsu, the son can't be a scholar. Father's name is benevolence, but son can't be human? " Han Ta is 22 years old, Li Ta 18 years old, and goes out for a long trip. Han Yu is a person who pays tribute. At that time, Han Yu was already an official of Zaifu and a literary genius. Come to him every day to write and warm up. While Ge You was lying down, Han Yu casually unfolded Li He's paper. He only read the first sentence of the first song "The Taishou Line of the Wild Goose Gate", "Dark clouds are pressing the city to destroy, and thousands of rays are shining on the sun." Oh, no, from ear to ear.
However, Han Yu didn't help much in the matter of Li He's entrance into Jinshi. Because Han Yu is a pedantic old cynic.
There are two kinds of "angry youths", one is playing with tickets, and the other is youthful, such as Bai Juyi.
Another cynic is a professional cynic, and once a cynic is a lifelong cynic. Han Yu belongs to the latter category. Because I don't like Xian Zong's worshipping Buddha and welcoming Buddha's bones, I wrote a Table of Advising and Welcoming Buddha's Bone. The emperor was so angry that he almost never turned his back. Finally, I came to my senses, patted the armrest of the chair and shouted "I can die". Due to the mediation of Pei Du, Cui Qun and other national, provincial and ministerial cadres, he was demoted to Chaozhou secretariat.
Han Yu, who is so straightforward, naturally won't help Li by taking him to the back door of the director of the Admissions Office, carrying gold and silver local products in his hand, but writing an article "Debate on Taboo" to scold those so-called "famous teachers", and the effect can be imagined.
In a word, Li He was deprived of the opportunity to be an official forever in the imperial examination, and only became a nine-grade sesame official-Feng who was in charge of the sacrifice.
His sensitive heart has fallen into hell: "Chang 'an has a man, but his heart is rotten at twenty", "I'm not proud of my twenty, and I'm worried about it like a withered orchid", "I'm in the prime of my life, holding a grudge, and I burst into tears in my dreams" and "writing a book every day will be shocking. "
Poetry became his only spiritual sustenance. He often rides a donkey to find poems in the wild. When he has good sentences, he will write them down and take them with him. He works hard for poetry and forgets to eat and sleep. A good genius makes a poet like Jia Dao Meng Jiao. I don't know if he will be like Ruan Ji when he is looking for poetry, but in any case, the world in his eyes has become like this:
How sad Nanshan is, ghost rain scattered grass. In the middle of the night in Chang 'an, several people are getting old before the wind. Dull dusk path, curly green oak road. In the afternoon, there is no shadow on the tree, only one mountain is white. Lacquer torches welcome people, fireflies disturb you.
-the third part of the "five satires"
Autumn wind hits the heart, the strong man works hard, there is a faint light, and the owl cries for weaving a warm dress. Who will read the book I wrote with bamboo slips in the future, and don't moth it into dust and holes? This thought involves, my stomach should be worried tonight, the rain is cold, like an ancient poet comforting a hanging soul. In the autumn night, in the cemetery, Bao's poems were recited, and their blood feud turned into jasper on the earth, which is hard to disappear for thousands of years.
-"Qiu Lai"
A hundred-year-old owl becomes a wooden symbol and laughs in the fire nest.
-"Fairy Song"
Calling stars and ghosts for cups and plates makes people feel chilling.
-"Fairy"
His works are full of barren Shan Ye, bleak dusk and gloomy cemeteries, and there are always phosphorus fires and ghosts. Du Mu said that Li He was a descendant of a poet. Yes, Li He used to study Chu Ci hard, "pray for the green light to write Chu Ci" and "sit on the ground and call the soul". Chu people attach importance to her sacrifice, and there are many scenes of the handover between man and god in Chu ci, but unlike Li He. You know, when Li was in a good mood, he wrote a poem like this:
Tianhe night drifts back to the stars,
Pu Yin Liu Yun studies underwater sound.
Osmanthus fragrans in Gong Yu didn't fall,
Fairy concubines pick incense and hang tassels.
Qin Fei drew the curtains, and the north-facing window dawned.
In front of the window, the plants are green and small.
Prince blowing sheng Goose Kui,
Hulong grows tobacco and Yao grass.
Pink rose ribbon lotus root silk skirt,
Green Island takes measures to clean up Blue Spring.
East means xi. He can walk very fast.
The sea sand breeds new stone mountains.
-"rumors in the sky"
Imagine the immortal life in the immortal world, pure and full of vitality, without the slightest fishy smell, only boundless fairy spirit.
Wei Qingzhi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, has a collection of poems, Poet Jade Chips, which says "the words of Taibai Fairy, the words of Changji Ghost Fairy". Li Changji's poems, which are not fishy, can almost be mixed into Li Taibai's collected works indiscriminately.
Wang Zengqi said: Li He, his poems are not used to detailed description on white paper like other poets, but splash color on black paper. It's too accurate.
Since ancient times, scholars who are ill-fated and want to make great achievements have gone to sea one after another. It was only in the Tang Dynasty that Li He was by no means the first or the last.
Genius comes to this world with an innate mission, and the hand of the genius of fate will always push them back to their proper track at an important juncture. In the eyes of genius, it is painful that the ideal cannot be realized, but from a historical point of view, even for the genius himself, it is not lucky to be able to play his true talent. Unfortunately, Li Bai and Du Fu didn't think so at that time, and neither did Li He.
The situation itself is hard to hurt us. What hurts us is our attitude and reaction to the situation.
There is a typical example in this regard: Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan, two great poets of Han Yu's contemporaries, and Liu Changliu, one year younger than him, joined the innovation group headed by Wang in the first year of Shunzong Yongzhen. Five months later, the reform failed, and Liu was demoted to Sima Lang and Sima Yongzhou respectively. 10 years later, they moved to more remote Lianzhou and Liuzhou. "Everything has been the same for twenty years."
In the face of relegation, Liu Zongyuan always felt uneasy and wrote it into a poem, such as the well-known song:
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths. A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
-"Jiang Xue"
Through this poem, we can see how the poet's inner world is frozen in Wan Li and the snow is drifting in Wan Li.
Liu Zongyuan's article is also very well written. He advocated the ancient prose movement with Han Yu and called it "Liu Han", which was one of the only two people in the Tang Dynasty among the "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". He wrote in the famous article "West Hill in Cobalt Pool" that "Tang abandoned the land and the goods were not for sale", which was clearly a self-styled court abandonment. It's strange that I'm so sad that I don't worry about dying. Sure enough, Liu Yingnian died young at the age of 47.
On the contrary, although Liu Yuxi was demoted together, he was always a "copper pea". Ten years after being demoted, Liu Yuxi returned to Chang 'an and wrote a song:
On the main road of the city, pedestrians are constantly flowing, and the dust is blowing on their faces. People say that they have just seen flowers coming back from Xuandu. There are thousands of peach trees in the Xuanmiao Temple, all of which were planted after I was exiled to Beijing.
-"Yuanhe Ten Years from Langzhou to Peking Opera as a Gift to a Flower Watching Gentleman"
Borrowing the newly planted peach tree to mock the upstart in the DPRK means that when Mr. Liu was in the capital, where did your grandchildren fish? As soon as this poem came out, it sent him and Liu Zongyuan away (also a friend of strength).
Fourteen years later, Liu Yuxi finally returned to Chang 'an, and he still did not change his original intention.
Half of the 100-acre courtyard is covered with moss and peach blossoms are in full bloom. Where Taoism returned, Liu Lang came again today.
-"Revisiting Du Xuan Scenery"
Vanity Fair, once noisy, is now desolate and covered with moss. At that time, the peach blossoms with infinite scenery had long since disappeared, and they were replaced by cauliflower that was not worth mentioning. The people who planted those peach trees have disappeared, and "Hu Hansan, I'm back". It's really funny. Your temperament will not change. However, it was this old player who, after the death of his good friend Liu Zongyuan, moved to Kuizhou and Hezhou for secretariat, and survived the four emperors Shunzong, Xianzong, Mu Zong and Jingzong. In his later years, he moved to the Prince's seat as a guest, divided the East Palace, and partnered with Bai Juyi with stable official career. This is also considered a blessing and a double achievement.
This story tells us that to laugh at the end, we must live for a long time; To live a long life, first of all, you can't be depressed, not like Li He and Liu Zongyuan.
However, the genius world has its own logic different from the mortal world. Van Gogh in the Netherlands and Xu Wei in China are all geniuses in a crazy state. Criticizing a genius's unsound personality is not only harsh but also meaningless.
Democritus, an ancient Greek philosopher, said, "You can't be a great poet without the flame of thought and crazy inspiration."
Plato, who you are familiar with, also said, "If you don't get inspiration, if you don't lose your usual reason and go crazy, you won't have the ability to create, you won't write poetry and you won't speak for God."
To put it bluntly, it is neither madness nor genius. Genius is often accompanied by paranoia, extremes and madness.
In the long-term depression and infatuation, Li He entered a foreign world of mind, and he described the world with strong colors, which is an unprecedented artistic realm in the history of China's poetry. As Yan Yu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, commented in Cang Hua: "Long auspicious roses are mysterious, and heaven and earth owe it to themselves."
Among the three Li in Tang poetry, Li Bai belongs to the daytime, with the silver light like the sun and no shadow; Li Shangyin belongs to dusk, just like the beauty, softness and sadness of dusk; And Li Heze belongs to the night. Dark as a rock, with stars flashing, strange and attractive.
If you stare at the abyss for too long, the abyss will stare back at you. Li He finally died of depression and went to another world that he often imagined and yearned for when he was born. Like another talented poet, Wang Bo, he died at the age of 26. In the words of Li Yinhe recalling Wang Xiaobo, he died in China. However, his poems will bloom with time.