Boarding Osaka in Beimang, overlooking the 20th anniversary of Luoyang Mountain, and writing a letter to board Beiwu Hill, the mountains around Luoyang can be vividly seen. Beimang is the death of Moshan in the north of Luoyang, and it is the only way for Cao Zhi to be sent to the scene. Poems written by Deng He Wang. You can only see the mountains around Luoyang if you climb the North Wushan Mountain. These 20 years not only illustrate the standpoint of the poet's comprehensive view of Luoyang, but also choose a suitable angle for describing the desolate scene of Luoyang below. This kind of writing is reasonable, which makes people feel that the scenery presented in the poem is natural and true.
Then, the poet wrote about Luoyang in the distance. The first thing you see is a gloomy and desolate scene: Luoyang lonely city, the palace is burning. Luoyang's former prosperity and prosperity are gone forever, just an isolated city and desolation after being burned down. After reading this, readers will naturally think of the scene when Dong Zhuo burned Luoyang. In the first year of Chuping (A.D. 190), Dong Zhuo took Emperor Han Xian hostage and moved to Chang 'an to escape the crusade of the allied forces in Kanto counties. Before leaving, he learned to burn temples, burn the government and live at home. Within 200 miles of Fiona Fang, there are no houses, no chickens and dogs (Zi Jian, Volume 59). It has brought endless disasters to the people. Here, the poet used loneliness to trigger the following, which paved the way for describing the broken scene of Luoyang in detail.
What was the scene after Luoyang was burned? What is displayed in front of people is that the walls are squatting and the thorns are towering. Knock, crack, crack. These two sentences mean that the ruins are broken and the thorns are high in the sky. This is a scene of decay and desolation. In a few words, a social picture after the great turmoil was drawn, and the facts reflected in the above two sentences were vividly explained and supplemented. Luoyang in the distance is like this, so what are Luoyang people like? This poem says: I didn't see the old people, but I saw the new teenagers. Old, here refers to the original. The elderly, a very, very old person. See, see new, refers to the post-born. With tears in his eyes, the poet is telling readers what he saw and heard in Luoyang City: all the old people in the past have died one after another, and all he saw were some unknown young people. It can be seen that social unrest has brought heavy disasters to the people.
Then, the poet went on to describe what we saw in the colorful suburbs: one side did not act, and there was no field left. The countryside is uncultivated, overgrown with weeds, and the path is unrecognizable, so we have to push through the grass and move forward sideways, which shows the seriousness of its desolation. Here comes the poet.
Taking in vivid and concrete circles, destroying eight things and removing one thing from the officialdom circles is called the situation, which makes people feel natural and authentic. I have been wandering for a long time and know nothing about strangers and buildings. A wanderer in the middle of ten days refers to Ying Shi. Should live in Luoyang. Dong Zhuo has been wandering in other places and has never been back to Luoyang, so he hasn't been back for a long time. The war has made his hometown desolate. How can he find his way in the fields of his hometown?
In the above sentence, the poet wrote what he saw in the distance and what he saw in Luoyang, and made the necessary rendering on the point, vividly explaining the heavy disaster brought by the war to society and people. But the poet did not stop there, but moved his vision from Luoyang to the whole vast plain: why is the Central Plains depressed, thousands of miles away? These two sentences play an important role in the whole poem. The author summed up the popularity of the Yuan Dynasty with a sigh, and presented the desolate and lonely scene of the Qianli Plain to the readers, thus sublimating the artistic conception of the poem to a new height.
I miss my relatives at ordinary times, and I can't say two words when I am angry. It should be the poet who speaks on behalf of the field. Facing the disastrous reality and the people's suffering and wandering, he thought that he was about to leave Luoyang, and his usual relatives could never see each other again. The sadness trapped in his chest came to his mind, which made him reach an unspeakable state, and concentrated on the poet's thoughts and feelings of hating war and sympathizing with the people.
When the poet wrote this poem, it has been 20 years since Dong Zhuo's disaster, and the social scene is still so bleak, which shows the degree of harm caused by the disaster to the people at that time. From the destruction of the city, the abandonment of the countryside and the death of the people, the poem depicts in detail the dilapidated and depressed scene of Luoyang and the vast areas of the Central Plains after the war, reflecting the desolate and sad social reality thousands of miles away, and is an image reflection of the serious consequences caused by social unrest in that era. It can be confirmed by history, and it can also be confirmed by Cao Cao's Walking in the Hedgerow, RoyceWong's Seven Wounded Poems and Cai Yan's Poems of Mourning for the Past.
This poem also has many originality in writing skills. First of all, it is a farewell poem, but the poet broke through the writing framework of general farewell poems. Instead of writing farewell poems, he described the decadent and dilapidated scene of Luoyang in a unique way, which was closely linked with the specific social background, making the poem surpass the scope of general farewell poems in reflecting the depth and breadth of real life. Secondly, the poet is also unique in artistic conception. Twenty days ago, I always led the whole poem. The poet climbed high and looked far, starting from Luoyang Mountain, and then writing about the broken Luoyang and the desolate Yuanye. Finally, express the wanderer's feelings of leaving his hometown. In this way, the summary and sub-writing ask each other, from near to far. Clear hierarchy, front and back care, compact structure and seamless connection. Thirdly, the language of poetry is accurate, vivid and vivid. For example: crawling, watching, how lonely, burning, sighing, crawling, sidefoot knife, nobody, etc. When describing the ruins of Luoyang, the poet tried his best to describe and render it. Use all the words correctly. In a word, it not only describes the disaster brought to the people by Dong Zhuo's rebellion, but also explains why he is lonely. For another example, the word "lateral foot" is also used wonderfully in the ten days when the lateral foot is inactive. The poet vividly described the scene of walking hard in the grass, which made people feel immersive. In a word, this poem represents a certain level of Cao Zhi's early poems, both in ideological content and artistic form. It is one of the few excellent poems in Jian 'an poetry that directly reflects the turbulent reality at the end of Han Dynasty.
Secondly, the appreciation of this poem focuses on expressing farewell feelings. Regarding this poem, A Qing Chen Ruoming once commented in Selected Poems of Caicaitang that this poem is meaningful and full of emotion. Because of the extraordinary life, it is difficult to say goodbye, it is difficult to leave, and travelers do not have enough courage to travel. Although I love each other deeply, I am ashamed to help him, but I am unhappy. He defended himself because of his fierce words. All these correctly sum up the meaning of poetry and provide reference for us to better understand poetry.
Poets seldom write about the celebrations of the Qing Dynasty, which makes people feel that life is short, and then write a farewell banquet. Finally, he ended up with a bird flying high, showing the feelings of parting and comforting friends.
It is hard to get the Qing Dynasty again and again, and it is impossible to have a good encounter. Qing dynasty refers to the era of political clarity. A lot of harvest, a lot of harvest. Jiahui refers to the grand gathering of beautiful women and friends. Political clarity is hard to come by, and beautiful events cannot be held often. The antitheses of the two couplets are not only metaphorical, but also causal. It is precisely because the war has not subsided, the society is still unstable, the country has not been unified, and the Qingming Festival has not yet arrived. It is natural that friends can't get together often. The poet expressed his dissatisfaction with the political era of the country at that time and cherished the gathering of friends. This poem is written to say goodbye. Starting from the current situation, it sets the ideological tone for describing the feelings of farewell later, giving people a sense of strategically placed buildings, which shows the ingenious brushwork of the poet.
Heaven and earth are boundless, and if a person's life is frosty, it means that heaven and earth are boundless and endless, but a person's life is as short as the frost in the morning. Reading here reminds us of a poem written by Cao Cao in Short Songs: What is the geometry of life when drinking? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. Daotong lamented that life is short. From the scenes of binge drinking and singing and dancing, Cao Cao expressed the bright and colorful righteousness of life, with a flat mouth like a song, and the high mood of transition to thirst for talent, full of positive and enterprising spirit. Cao Zhi, on the other hand, starts from the boundlessness of heaven and earth, which leads to a short life span, meaning that friends should cherish rare parties. There is no contrast between Ultimate and first frost. Writing clearly about the brevity of life actually means cherishing the gathering of friends, which further shows that the ceremony in the above two sentences is extraordinary and implies the sadness of the poet's unfulfilled ambition.
Then, the poet wrote a blessing to his brothers: I wish I could show my beauty and be my friend's North. Exhibition, Shen also. Too elegant, too comfortable, too smooth. Shuofang, north, this should refer to Yecheng. Ying Chang was once a subordinate of Cao Zhi, and together with Cao Zhi, he crossed Luoyang with Cao Cao in the west. Soon, Ying Chang was ordered to turn into five senses literature and had to leave Cao Zhi and go north to meet Cao Pi, the commander-in-chief of the five senses who stayed in Yecheng. Ying Chang once used Chao Yan as a metaphor in "Poems on the Collection of Guards' Commanders with Five Senses", saying: Ask Zi where to travel, and fly in the spring fragrance, and travel to South Huai this winter. Refers to the north at this time. On the occasion of seeing him off, Cao Zhi expressed his best wishes to his friends: I wish them all the best and arrive in the north safely and smoothly.
Next, the poet turns to the specific description of the farewell banquet. In order to see Ying off, relatives and friends will naturally get together and hold a banquet on the north bank of Hebei. In ancient times, it was said that the water in the north was Yang and the water in the south was Yin. Is feedback unique? In ancient times, women were often responsible for feeding, which was called "main feeding". Tell me about food for the elderly. A farewell party was donated here. Thin, not rich. Wine glasses. All right, cheers. Is it because the banquet is not rich? Why are the guests not so happy? Here, the poet did not directly describe the parting between friends, but asked the guests why they didn't drink well, metaphorically expressing the sadness of parting and expressing the poet's feelings of parting with friends.
Love is bitter and deep, is it worthy of your heart? In the second sentence, the poet jumped out of the specific description of the banquet and turned to friends and the following year. I'm tired of deleting "Bo Qu" in the state, so my expectations are profound, but the poet can't do anything to meet the ardent expectations, so I feel very ashamed. This poem contains guilt and affection. This melancholy feeling may be related to his brother Cao Pi being appointed by Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty as a corps commander and deputy cabinet officer in the Fifth Palace.
Then, the poet continued to describe his attachment to his friends: mountains and rivers are far away, and it does not promote the meeting. Mountains and rivers are dangerous and the road is long. The time of parting is short, and the day of reunion will be long. One of these two sentences is the attachment to his friend who is about to leave; Second, it shows that the party is rare and should be cherished. Why not have a drink? It's a toast to the endless stream of guests, and it's just the two sentences: "What is the best for the guests?" .
The last two sentences: I would like to be a lovebird. Two-winged bird refers to two birds flying together with wings, which is often used by the ancients to describe the pure love between men and women. Here is a metaphor for friendship between friends. Shi Ao (Wo), spread your wings. These two sentences are reasonable imagination and play on the basis of the first two sentences. Since it is difficult for friends to get together and the date of meeting is very long, what should we do? The poet spread his ideal wings and made a bold and reasonable imagination: he would become a lovebird and spread his wings with his friends. Here, the poet did not express his thoughts of parting, but was full of passion. He is willing to greet his friend to fly with me, which shows the poet's good hope for the future and is touching.
The second Ying Ying Time has its own characteristics in writing. Its main feature is that they all revolve around a love word. When a poet writes a farewell banquet, he doesn't write about its scene and grand occasion first, but starts from the current situation, creating an atmosphere that is rare and now or never, which will affect the whole body. Then, describe the wishes and farewell of the corresponding brothers in a positive way. Although the farewell banquet is explained here, it is not described in detail, but it is only used to compare feedback, and finally compared to a lovebird. The whole poem wrote about the party in vain, but in fact it was about the feeling of farewell. Reality and reality are a natural pair, and when the intention changes, there is love in the song. In addition, the use of antithesis sentences is also natural and just right. For example, it is difficult to get it again and again in the Qing Dynasty, which is difficult for the society: there is no ultimate harmony between heaven and earth, and life is like frost, which enhances the appeal of poetry.