Poetry refers to traditional Chinese Han poetry represented by ancient poetry, modern poetry and metrical poetry. It is also one of the characteristics of the Chinese character culture circle. It is generally believed that poetry is more suitable for "expressing aspirations", while words are more suitable for "lyric expression". The following is the original text and translation of Yuan Haowen's "Moyu'er·Yanqiu Ci" that I collected and compiled. It is for reference only. Let's take a look.
"Mo Yu'er·Yanqiu Ci", also known as "Maipitang·Yanqiu Ci", also "Mo Yu'er" (asking what love is in the world), was a poet and writer of the Jin Dynasty , one of the masterpieces of historian Yuan Haowen. This is a poem about things. The poet was moved by the death of a goose for love, so he wrote "Mo Yu'er·Yanqiu Poetry" to express his grief for the man who died for his love.
Original text of "Moyu'er·Yanqiu Ci"
Yichou went to Bingzhou for an examination at the age of 10. When he met a goose hunter on the road, he said: "If you catch a goose now, kill it." The man who fell out of the net screamed and couldn't go away, so he threw himself to the ground and died. "I bought it and buried it on the Fen River, with a stone built as a memorial, and named it "Yanqiu". Most of his companions composed poems, and I also wrote "Yanqiu Ci". It was previously stated that there was no palace merchant, but now it has been changed.
Asking the world, what is love? Does it mean life and death?
Traveling all over the world, Lao Wing has been experiencing the cold and heat several times.
Happiness is fun, parting is painful, and there are even more idiotic children in it.
You should say:
Who are the shadows in the misty clouds and dusk snow on thousands of mountains?
On Hengfen Road, the loneliness was like the flute and drum, and the desolate smoke was still plain.
How come the ghosts of the mountains cry secretly in the wind and rain?
The sky is also jealous, and if you don’t believe it, the birds and swallows will all turn into dust.
For thousands of years, in order to entertain the scholar, he sang and drank wildly and visited Yanqiu.
Translation of "Moyu'er·Yanqiu Ci"
Oh my God! I would like to ask everyone in this world, what is love that makes these two flying geese treat each other in life and death? Flying south and returning to the north, we have flown together with each other. No matter how cold the winter or the summer, they still love each other and depend on each other. Although we are happy to fly together, parting is really painful and uncomfortable. At this moment, I realized that these infatuated geese are actually more infatuated than the infatuated children in the world! The lovers who depended on each other and were inseparable have passed away. The sincere Yan'er should know in her heart that she has traveled thousands of miles and is alone, with a long and uncertain future. Every year in the cold and summer, she flies thousands of miles over thousands of mountains, the morning wind and dusk snow, she has lost the love of her life and is alone. , what’s the point of just surviving?
This Fenshui area was originally a place where Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited for pleasure. Whenever Emperor Wu went on tour, there would always be noisy flutes and drums, and singing and singing everywhere. It was so lively. But now it is a place of cold smoke and decaying grass. Depression and neglect. Emperor Wu is dead, and summoning his soul is of no avail. The female mountain goddess cried in vain because of this, but the deceased will never return! The deep love between the two geese in life and death is even jealous of God. The wild geese that die for love will never be like the orioles and swallows, and turn into a handful of dust after death. He will leave a name that will last forever in the world. Singing and drinking wildly, they visited the hometown of Yanqiu Tomb to pay homage to the deceased couple.
Notes on "Moyuer·Yanqiu Ci"
⑴ "Moyuer": a "Moyuer", also known as "Maipitang", "Maipitang", "Shuangqiu" and so on. Tang Jiaofang Qu was later used as Ci Pai. Among the Song lyrics, Chao Buzhi's "Qin Qu Waipian" is the earliest. There are 116 characters in two pieces, with the first piece having six oblique rhymes and the second piece having seven oblique rhymes. The first character in the penultimate sentence of Double Knot is both in the leading case, so it is better to use the falling tone.
⑵Yichou Year: The fifth year of Taihe of Jin Zhangzong (AD 1205). According to the calendar of the heavenly stems and earthly branches, it is the Yichou Year. Yuan Haowen was only sixteen years old at that time.
⑶ Go to the examination and merge with the state: "History of the Jin Dynasty·Election Chronicle" records: The election system of the Jin Dynasty was from the township to the prefecture, from the prefecture to the provincial and palace examinations, and there were four examinations. In the first year of Mingchang, the provincial examination was abolished. The trial period for the government is in autumn and August. The government examination office was donated to Taiyuan in the fourth year of Cheng'an, and the number of offices was ten.
⑷Knowledge (zhì): sign.
⑸ Yanqiu: Jiaqing's "Unification of the Qing Dynasty": Yanqiu is located next to the Xifen River in Yangqu County. Jin Yuanhaowen went to the government to take the imperial examination... He tired of the soil and turned it into a hill, and wrote "Yanqiu Ci".
⑹ No palace business: dissonance.
⑺Zhijiao: Jingshi. Xu: Follow.
⑻ Shuangfeike: The wild geese stay and fly together, as autumn goes and spring comes, so the saying goes.
⑼ "Just in the middle" sentence: There are even more obsessed with love in this group of wild geese.
⑽Four sentences of "Jun Ying": Thousands of miles long distance, misty clouds, thousands of mountains at dusk, the situation is desolate, and you are all alone. Who are you running for?
⑾Three sentences of "Hengfen": This Fenshui, where wild geese are buried, was so lively when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty crossed it, but now it is lonely and desolate. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's "Autumn Wind Ci": "The boat on the boat comes to the Fen River, and the waves are flowing across the middle, and the flute and drum are singing." Pingchu: Chu refers to the bushes. From a distance, the treetops are evenly aligned, so it is called Pingchu.
⑿ Two sentences of "Calling the Soul": What is the use of me trying to summon the soul of a dead goose? The soul of the wild goose is also crying in the wind and rain. Zhaohun Chuxie (suò): There is the word "some" at the end of every sentence in "Chu Ci: Zhaohun". He laments: Lamenting is of no use. Mountain ghost: The chapter "Chu Ci·Nine Songs·Mountain Ghost" refers to the mountain god, and this refers to the wild goose soul.
⒀Secret cry: One work is "self-crying".
⒁Two sentences of "Heaven": The wild goose that does not believe in love will become obscurity and turn into loess just like ordinary orioles. It will spread its message far and wide, making heaven and earth jealous.
⒂ Sao Ren: poet.
Appreciation of "Moyu'er·Yanqiu Ci"
The first line of the poem opens with the sentence "Ask what is love in the world, and teach us about life and death?" A "question" The word breaks out of the sky to ask questions for those who sacrificed their lives for love. In fact, it is also a praise for those who sacrificed their lives for love. "The Direct Teaching of Life and Death" is a shocking answer to "What is love?" Adding the word "Zhijiao" before "promises of life and death" further highlights the power of "emotion". The two sentences "flying travelers from all over the world, and the old wings returning to the cold and heat several times" describe the touching life scenes of wild geese. Wild geese go south to overwinter in autumn and return north in spring, staying and flying together. The author calls them "double flyers", giving them the ideal color of flying together in love with each other in the world. "Heaven, South, Earth, North" is written from space, and "Several Cold and Heat" is written from time. With a high degree of artistic summary, the life history of the geese who depend on each other and help each other is written, which lays the necessary foundation for the subsequent sacrifice of love. "You should say something, there are thousands of miles of clouds, thousands of mountains are snowing at dusk, only the shadow is for whom." These four sentences are a detailed description of the psychological activities of the wild goose before it died in love. When the net breaks the amphibious dream, the author believes that there will inevitably be a contradictory struggle between life and death, sacrificing love and stealing life in Gu Yan's heart. But this process of hesitation and decision-making did not affect the sincerity of Dayan's sacrifice for love. On the contrary, it is more sufficient to show that dying for love is a rational decision made by Dayan after deep thinking, thus revealing the real reason for sacrificing love.
The lower part of the poem uses the description of natural scenery to set off the misery of the wild geese after they die for love. "Hengfen Road, the loneliness used to play the flute and drum, and the desolate smoke is still plain." Three sentences describe the place where the wild geese are buried. . Where "Yanqiu" is located, the emperors of the Han Dynasty once came to visit. At that time, the sky was noisy with flutes and drums, singing was everywhere, and the mountains and valleys responded. It was so lively. But today, there is smoke and grass everywhere, and it is a scene of depression and desolation. "How come the souls of Chu are crying, the mountain ghosts cry secretly in the wind and rain." The two sentences mean that the dead geese cannot come back to life, and the mountain ghosts cry in vain. Here the author combines scenery description with lyricism, using desolate scenery to set off the tragic life of the geese, expressing the poet's mourning and regret for the geese who died in love. "Heaven is jealous, but without faith, the orioles and swallows will all be buried in the loess." Writing about the martyrdom of the wild goose will make it unlike the warblers and swallows buried in the loess and remain unknown; its reputation will arouse the jealousy of God. This is the author's tribute to the wild goose who died for love. "Throughout the ages, in order to stay with the poets, I will sing and drink wildly and visit Yanqiu." The four sentences that describe Yanqiu will always be respected by the poet.
This poem is called "Yong Wu", which is really lyrical. The author uses metaphors, personification and other artistic techniques to develop an in-depth and detailed description of the story of Dayan who died for love. With the background of the tragic atmosphere, he creates an artistic image of Dayan who is loyal to love and commits life and death, and composes the story of Dayan. A love song. The plot of the whole poem is not complicated, but the writing is ups and downs. Focusing on the first two sentences, there are layers of in-depth descriptions and narratives, including the joy of the wild goose during his lifetime, and the misery after his death, as well as memories of the past and prospects for the future. It is a reflection of the past and the future, which has high artistic value.
In the poem, the disappearance of the imperial ceremony is used as a reflection of the eternal existence of Yanqiu, which shows that pure love has the supreme status in the poet's mind, and is also a reflection of the poet's simple people-oriented thinking. The plot of the whole poem is not complicated, but the writing is flexible and changeable. Focusing on the first two sentences, we describe the story in depth.
The poet integrates the description of scenery with lyricism, using desolate scenery to set off the miserable life of the geese, expressing the poet's mourning and regret for the geese who died for love. Two sentences of "Jealousy of Heaven and Earth", writing about the geese's death for love will make It is not like the warbler or the swallow that is buried in the loess and unknown; its reputation will arouse the jealousy of God.
Creation background
According to the preface, in the fifth year of Taihe of Jin Zhangzong (1205), Yuan Haowen, who was only sixteen years old, learned about the story of Shuangyan on his way to Bingzhou to take the exam, so he created the poem "Yanqiu Ci". Probably the original work (i.e. "Yanqiu Ci") was a poem, which was later changed into long and short sentences that matched the rhythm of the music (i.e. this poem). Therefore, this poem is not the original composition when Yuan was sixteen years old. Wu Xiang's "Yishan Yuefu Annals Notes" determines that this poem was written when Yuan Haowen was sixteen years old, which is inappropriate. As for the year when the revision was made, it is unclear. Miao Yue believes that "it does not seem to be too far away from the original work"; Shen Zufen's "Reading "Yishan Yuefu"" believes that it is "several years later", but he is no longer in his youth; Di Baoxin believes that "the decision was changed in his later years."
About the author
Yuan Haowen (1190-1257), courtesy name Yuzhi, nicknamed Yishan, was a native of Xiurong, Taiyuan (now Xinzhou City, Shanxi). His ancestors came from the Tuoba family of the Northern Wei Dynasty, but his father and ancestors were deeply influenced by Han culture. He could write poems at the age of seven and became famous in the capital at the age of twenty. At the age of twenty-seven, he fled from his hometown to Henan due to the Mongolian army's southern invasion. In the fifth year of Xingding (1221), he became a Jinshi and successively served as the Neixiang Order and the Nanyang Order. In the first year of Tianxing (1232), he was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Finance. Soon after, he was removed from the post of Zuosi Du and became a member of the Ministry of Zuosi, Yuanwailang. After the fall of the Jin Kingdom, he was sent to Liaocheng (today's Liaocheng City, Shandong Province) for custody. Later, he returned to his hometown to engage in writing and never served in the Yuan Dynasty. He is the author of "Yishan Collection" and so on.