? Feeling, the second part
? Author: Zhang Jiuling
? Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. (Dan: Golden red. "Orange" and "orange" are the same. )
? Its leaves are green all winter. Jude: Still, expressing admiration.
? Not because of a warmer soil. I: because. Earth-atmosphere: climate)
? But because its nature is used to the cold. (from: itself. Cold heart: cold-resistant heart)
? Although it may serve your distinguished guests, (C: Yes. To: release. Recommendation: Dedicated to. Jia: Jia)
? You leave it here, away from mountains and rivers. ! (resistance: blocking. Depth: refers to the number of layers of obstacles)
? Luck is only met, (this is the unlucky fate. Table life is helpless)
? Cause and effect is an infinite cycle. (cycle: an unchangeable law. Search: thinking)
? You plant your peach trees and plums, (peach trees and plum trees: for mediocrity or villainy)
? You forgot the shade of another tree (wood: tree. Yin: Yin, for use)
Precautions:
? What: no.
? I: There, it means Jiangnan.
? Cold tolerance.
? Recommendation: Offer.
? Jia Ke: Distinguished guests.
? Helpless: Helpless.
? Deep resistance: the mountain is high and the road is deep, and there are many obstacles.
? Fate: Fate.
? Cycle: cycle after cycle, unpredictable.
? Ask: ask.
? Disciple: Just say.
? Trees: planting.
? Wood: refers to oranges.
? Yin: tree shade.
Rhyme translation:
Danju in the south of the Yangtze River is flourishing, and it is evergreen all the year round after winter.
It has both the warmth of the south and the nature of pine and cypress.
The recommended guests will be praised. How can the mountain be blocked by water?
Fate is often different, and the mystery of causal cycle is difficult to find.
Just that peaches and plums have fruits and forests, isn't Dan orange cloudy?
Comments:
In this poem, the poet praises Danju, which remains green after winter because of its cold tolerance, in order to compare its unyielding sentiment. However, Dan Orange could not introduce the fate of the guests because of the road barrier, which also reflected the situation that the poet was excluded. Helpless, the poet had to attribute all this to fate, closed the whole poem with rhetorical sentences, and accused people of only planting peaches and plums and ignoring the behavior of Danju, further expressing the poet's anger and resentment.
The first two sentences of this poem are particularly obvious. With a word "Jude", it is full of praise. Three or four sentences are rhetoric, which shows that orange is noble because of its essence, not its geographical location. Five or six sentences should have been recommended guests, but they were blocked by the mountain. It is impossible to sigh Dan Ju's fate and experience with seven or eight sentences. In the end, it was favored by peaches and plums, and Danju was given a cold shoulder. ?
The language of this poem is fresh and concise, and at the same time it gives readers room to gallop their imagination. The whole poem is plain and natural, and the sentences asked from time to time have achieved the effect of ups and downs, but the tone is gentle and there is no trace, and the sadness and anger are expressed incisively and vividly, which is perfect. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to Guo Xuexi's 300 Tang poems in Gutang. com。
Comments:
In the first two sentences of the poem, the poet praised the citrus with full enthusiasm for being able to stand the test of severe winter, and painted a beautiful picture of the orange forest in the south of the Yangtze River, forming a beautiful artistic realm. Citrus is a top fruit tree, which can resist severe winter and frost and is evergreen all the year round. Therefore, the poet's metaphor for Dan orange is profound. This is the poet's analogy to Chenpi's character of "being ordered not to move" and "being horizontal but not flowing". Here, the poet not only describes the appearance of citrus, but also deliberately shows its indomitable spirit, realizing the organic combination of form and spirit. At the same time, what is presented to readers is not an orange forest, but an orange forest. The poet is describing a "collective portrait" including himself. This makes the artistic conception of the poem more profound and open, and the image more tall and vivid.
In three or four sentences, write the characteristics of dried tangerine peel. The poet told readers that the citrus in winter is green, not because of the warm climate in the south of the Yangtze River, but because of its cold-resistant nature. Here, the poet adopts the form of question and answer, which is natural and surprising, and the answer is particularly interesting, and briefly summarizes the characteristics of dried tangerine peel itself. On the one hand, the poet skillfully pointed out the cold-resistant nature of citrus, and at the same time used it as a metaphor for the poet's noble virtue. This is the beauty of the poet's soul based on the nature of citrus. It is not only a self-portrait of the hero in the poem, but also a portrayal of the moral character of Qian Qian's absolutely upright intellectuals at that time. As a result, the theme of this poem deepened.
The following six sentences are narrative and lyrical. These sweet oranges could have been sent to distant places and presented to distinguished guests, but the mountains overlap and the passage is impassable. The implication is that he could have recommended a sage to the court, but the road was blocked. These two sentences are wonderful and natural, leaving no trace. With the scenery in front of him and rich imagination, the poet shows that an intellectual who is loyal to the monarch and patriotic in feudal society is still unwilling to sink, and still cares about the precious quality of the country's future and destiny. Seven or eight sentences are the poet's judgment from emotion: fate is good or bad only because of different experiences; And this is like a natural law that goes round and round, and the truth is really elusive. This is the poet's sigh based on his own experience. The last two sentences are closely related to the sentence "luck". The poet shouted: Don't just say to plant peaches and plums. Can't oranges enjoy the cool? It is obvious that the poet is complaining for the dried tangerine peel and the sage. In other words, a sage can make a person, and he will not be worse than Li and others. These two sentences are a severe reprimand to the court for listening to slanders and not distinguishing right from wrong, and they are also the main theme of the whole poem. Because of the poet's profound insight and high artistic generalization, these two comments are very cordial and natural, profound and powerful, which greatly increases the connotation of the poem. Using metaphor to attack the disadvantages here can make people think deeply and give people great enlightenment.
Structurally, this poem is just 50 words, with exquisite conception, tight structure, lyrical freehand brushwork and ups and downs. Start with orange, end with orange knot, call first and then respond, deepen the theme. Especially in the end, the unexpected questioning shocked people and added artistic charm to the poem. Zhang Jiuling's poems are vivid in language and appropriate in metaphor, without affectation and obscurity. Liu Xizai said in "Introduction to Art" that Zhang Jiuling's poems are "unique, Li and Du Kaixian". This evaluation is very appropriate. Liu Yuxi said that at the age of nine, "I was a monk (now Guilin) in times of peace, and there was a plaintive cry; After I retired, I had the idea of being detained. I satirize birds, send a message to grass trees, and have a wind with poets. " It refers to this kind of "poem of feeling".
Explanation:
Reading Zhang Jiuling's poem praising Dan Ju, it is easy to think of Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange. Qu Yuan was born in the south of China, and Citrus was born in the south of China. At the beginning of his Ode to Oranges, he said, "After the Emperor, the trees are beautiful and the oranges are attractive. I was ordered not to move and was born in the south. " The meaning of its support is obvious. Zhang Jiuling is also a southerner. Jiangling (the capital of Chu), where he lived in exile in Jingzhou, was originally an orange-producing area. At the beginning of this poem, he said, "Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter, and its implication is particularly obvious. Qu Yuan's famous sentence tells us: "The autumn wind blows, and the waves in the cave are under the leaves." It can be seen that even in the south, in late autumn, ordinary trees will inevitably fall down, how can they resist the devastation of winter? But "its leaves are green all winter". A word "Jude" is full of praise.
Is Dan orange still green in winter because of its unique geographical location? Or is it out of nature? If it is right, it is not worthy of praise. So the poet asked: Is it because of the "warm atmosphere"? First, the rhetorical question "vertical", then the affirmative sentence "but because of its" habit of being cold "is" closed ",full of ups and downs and waves. "Cold at the age of 20" is generally about pines and cypresses. Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "When you are cold, you will know that the pine and cypress will wither. "Serina Liu's" Give a Brother ":"If you don't suffer from cold, pine and cypress have sex. "Zhang Jiuling specially praised Dan Ju's cold-resistant moral integrity, which is meaningful.
There is an article in the ancient poetry of the Han Dynasty, "Orange Pomelo Drinks", which says that orange pomelo "has been eating for years", expressing the author's resentment that it is not used by the world. Zhang Jiuling's "although it may serve your distinguished guests" refers to "the sword stone". "Its leaves are green all winter" is commendable, because it has not defected because of the cold of a year; Fruitful, can not only contribute to others, but also show noble character. It is supposed that such a good fruit should be recommended to guests, but it is blocked by mountains and water. What should I do? Read the sentence "You leave it here, far below the mountains and rivers." It's like hearing a sad voice.
The fate and experience of Dan Ju haunt me for a long time, and the poet's thoughts are hard to calm down. Finally, he thought about fate: "Circumstances dominate fate, and cause and effect are an infinite cycle." It seems that fate is good or bad because of different experiences, and the truth, like periodicity, cannot be investigated. The feelings of these two poems are very complex, seemingly helpless and self-deprecating, but also seemingly unspeakable, euphemistic and deep. Finally, the poet ended the poem in a rhetorical tone: "You planted your peach trees and plums, but forgot the shade of another tree?" -people are only busy planting peach trees and plum trees, but they don't want dried tangerine peel. Cann't dried tangerine peel be useless? It has been written that it has the beauty of "its leaves are green all winter" and "although it may serve your distinguished guests", but this is the case with "encounter". Why? Everything is wrong. There is a fable in "On the Left": yang hu told Zhao Jianzhu that he personally trained a group of talents, but they didn't help him when he was in danger.
Therefore, he sighed: "Tigers are not good at cultivating people." Zhao Jian said: "People who grow oranges and grapefruit taste sweet and smell sweet;" A tree stings, but it stings. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious about trees. "
A "gentleman" who only trees peaches and plums but not oranges and pomelo can't be said to be "careful with trees"!
Du Fu wrote in Eight Sorrow. Therefore, in the poem "The Right Servant Shoots at Zhang Gong at the Age of Nine", Zhang Jiuling is praised for "poetry is more than enough, and the literature is late." The latter sentence means that his poetic language is fresh and concise; In the previous sentence, he said that his poetic images left readers room for imagination and association. Reading this poem, we naturally associate it with the gloomy political situation at that time and the poet's bumpy life experience! This poem is dull and muddy. In a short chapter, interrogative sentences are always ups and downs, but the tone of the poem is that Wen Ya is mellow, angry or sad, without trace or angle, reaching the point of perfection.
Brief introduction of the author
Zhang Jiuling (678-740): Tang Kaiyuan, prime minister and poet. Zi Zishou, a naturalist, Han nationality, was born in Qujiang, Shaozhou (now Shaoguan, Guangdong). Literati in Chang 'an period. The official position of Assistant Minister Zhongshu is equal to that of Zhongshu. After the attack, Jingzhou has a long history. The poetic style is light. And Qujiang collection. He is a brave and far-sighted politician, writer, poet and celebrity. He was loyal to Geng, dutiful, fair in code, outspoken in admonition, unwilling to bend the law and dare to fight against evil forces, and made positive contributions to the "rule of Kaiyuan". His five-character ancient poems, with simple and plain language, entrusted with far-reaching life expectations and made great contributions to sweeping away the magnificent poetic style of the Six Dynasties inherited from the early Tang Dynasty. Known as "the first person in Lingnan". For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to Guo Xuexi's 300 Tang poems in Gutang. com。 ()
Zhang Jiuling's poetic achievements are quite high, and he has the unique charm of "appealing to both refined and popular tastes", and he has written many famous works left in later generations, which has played an enlightening role in the creation of Lingnan Poetry School. At the age of nine, he is quick-witted, gentle and poetic, and his poems such as "Feeling the Bright Moon, Thinking of One Side from afar" are even more legendary through the ages. There are twenty volumes of Qujiang Collection handed down from generation to generation. Zhang Jiuling's early poems were beautiful and affectionate, which was highly appreciated by Zhang Shuo, a former poet in the poetry circle. After being demoted, the style of writing changed from light to vigorous.
Contrast between English and Chinese
Experience (2)
Zhang Jiuling
Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter.
Not because the soil is getting warmer, but because it is accustomed to the cold by nature.
Although it may serve your distinguished guests, you leave it here, far below the mountains and rivers. ..
Environment determines fate, and cause and effect is an infinite cycle.
You plant your peach trees and plums, and you forget the shade of another tree.
Orchids and oranges II
Zhang Jiuling
Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree.
Its leaves are green all winter,
Not because of the warm soil,
But because its nature is used to the cold.
Although it may serve your distinguished guests,
You leave it here, away from mountains and rivers.
Environment determines fate.
Cause and effect is an infinite cycle.
You plant your peach trees and plums,
You forgot the shade of another tree.