I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.
There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
To annotate ...
1, not a word: no news. Word: here refers to letters.
2. Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old, suffering from lung disease, wind arthralgia and deafness in his right ear.
3. There is a lone boat: a lone boat with only one leaf falling is uncertain.
translate
Relatives and friends who wander the rivers and lakes don't send a letter. When they are old and sick, they are only accompanied by a lonely boat. The bonfire in the north of Guanshan has not stopped, leaning against the window and looking forward to the tears of the country.
Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
A Night in a Foreign Land by the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu.
The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast.
The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, what am I like? But sandpipers in the vast world! .
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The first half of the poem describes the scene of "night tour": the breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the high-mast boat is moored alone on the moonlit night. At that time, Du Fu was forced to leave Chengdu. In the first month of 765 A.D., he resigned from our post, and in April, his good friend Yanwu died. In this remote place, I decided to leave East Sichuan. Therefore, this is not a vague description of the scenery, but a feeling of the scenery. Through the description of the scenery, his situation and feelings are expressed: small as grass on the river bank and lonely as a boat in the river. The third and fourth sentences write a vision: the stars are low and Ye Ping is vast; The moon surges with the waves, and the river flows eastward. These two sentences are magnificent, profound and have always been praised. Some people think that the poet's feelings in these two landscape poems are "broad-minded" (Pu Yin Long's Reading), while others think that he wrote "happy" feelings (see Five Laws of Du Fu, a Collection of Tang Poems). This poem is about the tragic situation of the poet wandering in his later years. The above two explanations only emphasize the literal meaning of the poem. In fact, the poet wrote about the vast Ye Ping, the mighty rivers and the splendid stars and moons just to reflect his lonely image and his sad mood. This technique of writing sadness with joy is often used in classical works. For example, "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Cai Wei": "I was not there in the past, Liu Yiyi." It is very touching to set off the sadness of the soldiers who went to war with the beautiful scenery of spring.
The second half of the poem is "Shu Huai". The fifth and sixth sentences say, "I'm a bit famous. Where is it because my article is good? You should retire as an official because you are old and sick. " This is irony, and this idea is implicit. The poet has great political ambitions, but he has been suppressed for a long time and cannot display them. They can "write" (poems), but at that time, people won't be famous for their good articles. I became a small official, but I had to retire. Du Fu was really old and sick at this time, but his retirement was mainly due to being excluded, not being old and sick. This shows the injustice in the poet's mind and reveals that political frustration is the fundamental reason for his wandering loneliness. Regarding the meaning of this couplet, it is not appropriate to say that it is "the language of self-blame" ("Du Shi Shuo") and Qiu said that "five belong to self-modesty, and six belong to self-interpretation" ("Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection"). The last two sentences say, "You look like you're floating all over? Just like Europe in "The Universe". " Considering the situation at that time, the poet expressed his sadness. The water and sky are vast, and Sha Ou falls; People, like Sha Ou, move in the rivers and lakes. This couplet is lyrical, touching and touching.
Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Although there are differences between the heart and the object, the scenery gives birth to feelings, and the feelings give birth to the scenery, ... hiding each other's homes." Scenery, Tibet and mutual residence, that is, feelings in the scene, feelings in the scene. The former writes scenes suitable for expressing the poet's feelings, so that the feelings are hidden in the scenery; The latter does not write in abstraction, but hides the scenery in writing. Du Fu's poem "A Night Outside" is an example in classical poetry where scenes live next to each other and houses block each other.
The loneliness of wandering is the evaluation of society. At that time, the imperial city was so big that there was no other place to live, but it was forced to leave because of Yanwu's death, because no one valued him and there was no other Bole. What kind of helplessness it is. In this way, the whole poem also highlights the corruption of imperial politics at that time, as well as the resentment and helplessness of one's inner talents.