Appreciation of Ancient Poetry
1 "Viewing the Sea" Cao Cao
To the east is Jieshi to view the sea. Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall. There are many trees and lush grass. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising.
The journey of the sun and the moon, if it comes out of it. The stars are as brilliant as if they came out of it. Fortunately! Sing to express your ambition.
Translation: Climb up the high Jieshi Mountain to look at the vast sea. The water is so turbulent, and the mountain islands stand high in the water. There are clusters of trees on the mountain island, and all kinds of exotic flowers and plants grow luxuriantly. A bleak autumn wind blew on the water, and waves of water rose up. The majestic sun and bright moon seem to rise in the sea. The brilliant Milky Way seems to come from the sea. (Using intertextuality) I was so happy that I used this poem to express my wishes and aspirations.
Appreciation: It depicts the majesty of the motherland’s rivers and mountains, expresses the poet’s heroic and optimistic enterprising spirit, expresses the poet’s broad mind and ambition to dominate the world.
"The journey of the sun and the moon seems to be out of it. The stars are brilliant as if they are out of it." Using intertextual techniques and virtual scenery, the poet uses rich imagination to depict the sea swallowing up the sun and moon and containing the stars. His grandeur and broad mind. It best expresses the poet's broad mind and ambition to dominate the world.
2 "At the foot of Cibeigu Mountain" Wangwan (Tang Dynasty)
The guest travels outside the green mountains and sails in front of the green water. The tide is flat, the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging.
Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year. Where can I find the hometown book? It's near Yanluoyang.
Translation The long journey is far away from the green mountains. I am taking a boat in the green river. When the tide is high, the water between the two banks is wide, and boats sailing with the wind have their sails high. When the night is about to end, a red sun rises from the sea. Spring is early on the river. The old year has not yet passed and the new year has arrived. Where have the letters home been delivered? I hope that the wild geese returning north will carry a letter from home to Luoyang.
Appreciation: The poet expressed his emotions on the spot, expressing his homesickness during the journey.
① "Where can I find my hometown book? Return to Yanluoyang" best expresses the feeling of homesickness.
② "The sun in the sea fades into the night, and the spring in the river enters the old year." Personify "birth" and "in", and "sun" and "spring" are new and beautiful things. Contains the philosophy of replacing old things with new things. It expresses the homesickness of a wanderer who is in a foreign country as time flies. ③The duality of "the tide is flat and the two sides are broad, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging" is to use small scenes to set off the flat and broad waves of the big scene.
3 "Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake" (Tang Dynasty) Bai Juyi
To the west of Jia Pavilion in the north of Gushan Temple, the water surface is initially flat and the clouds are low. In several places, early orioles compete for warmth in the trees, while new swallows peck at the spring mud.
The wild flowers are becoming more and more charming, and only in Asakusa can there be no horse hooves. My favorite part of the lake is the east side of the lake, where the green poplar trees shade the white sand embankment.
Translation: From the north of Gushan Temple to the west of Jia Ting, spring has arrived, the lake has just become level with the embankment, and white clouds overlap one another, joining the waves on the lake. In several places, the early orioles are vying to fly to the sunny trees, while the newly arrived swallows are building nests with spring mud in their mouths. The lush and colorful spring flowers are randomly scattered, natural and fresh, and gradually fascinate people's eyes. The shallow spring grass can just cover the horse's hooves. I love the beautiful scenery on the east side of the West Lake the most. If I can’t get enough of the sightseeing, I’ll go and see the charming white sand embankment under the green willows.
Appreciation: It describes the beautiful scenery of West Lake in early spring and expresses the poet's love and joy for early spring.
① "A few early orioles are vying for warmth in the trees, and whose new swallows are pecking at the spring mud." Zao Hexin wrote about the characteristics of early spring from the perspective of animals. The struggle and pecking describe the preciousness of spring and the busy dynamics of the birds. The scene of singing and dancing is full of vitality and vitality. The poet's love and joy for early spring.
② "The wild flowers gradually become enchanting to the eye, and only Asakusa has no horse hooves." Zenghe did not write about the lush flowers and grass in early spring from the perspective of plants. The poet's love and joy for early spring.
③My favorite lake is the east side of the lake, where there is a white sand embankment in the shade of green poplar trees. Expressing one's heart directly can best express the poet's love and joy for early spring.
4 "The sky is pure and the sand is pure, autumn thoughts" by Ma Zhiyuan [Yuan Dynasty]·
Withered vines and old trees are full of dim crows, small bridges and flowing water are home, and the old road is westerly and the horse is thin. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Translation: From a distance, I look at the crows at dusk, looking for old trees with dead vines to rest on. From a closer look, I see people living beside small bridges and flowing water. In front of me, there is only a skinny horse carrying a wandering wanderer. , walking slowly on the ancient autumn road. Looking at the afterglow of the sunset, it has already faded to the west, and the heartbroken people wandering outside are wandering around the world.
Appreciation: This is a picture of traveling in the wilderness, expressing the lonely and sad homesickness of a wanderer who has been wandering in a foreign country for a long time.
① "Withered vines, old trees and dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's homes," is a contrasting picture. The former is desolate, while the latter is a warm pastoral life, which sets off the lonely and sad homesickness of the wanderer. feeling.
② "The heartbroken man is at the end of the world" is the finishing touch. It uses emotion and scenery to exaggerate the lonely and melancholy atmosphere and express the homesickness of a wanderer who has been wandering in a foreign country for a long time.
5 I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away and sent this message to Li Bai
When the poplar flowers fell, Zigui cried, and I heard that Longbiao passed the five streams. I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon and follow you till the end of the night.
Translation: The poplar flowers have all fallen, and the birds of Zigui are singing. I heard that you have been demoted to Longbiao, and you have to pass through Chenxi, Xixi, Wuxi, and Wuxi along the way. And Yuan Xi; let me entrust my sorrowful heart for you to the bright moon in the sky, and accompany you, gentleman, all the way to the west of Yelang
Appreciation: "The Yang Flowers Fall" writes the late spring The depression and desolation when the spring light of the season fades shows Li Bai's concern, sympathy and longing for his friend who was demoted.
"I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow you until the night is west." I send my sorrow to the scenery. In this poem, I send my "sorrowful heart" to the bright moon, which not only shows that Li Bai and Wang Changling's soul is like It is as pure and bright as the bright moon, and it also means that as long as the bright moon is still there, their friendship will be as long-lasting as the bright moon. He did not sigh at being demoted, but showed Li Bai's sincere, elegant and unrestrained feelings towards friendship.
6 "The Night Rain Sends to the North" by Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty
You asked about the return date but it was not yet scheduled, and the night rain in Bashan swelled the autumn pond. How can I cut off the candles from the west window and talk about the rainy night in Bashan?
Translation: You asked me about the day when I will return home, but I have not yet set a return date; it is raining heavily in Bashan tonight, and the rainwater has filled the autumn pond. When will you and I get together again, we will cut the candles in the west window and talk all night long; I will tell you about my painful feelings in the autumn rain tonight.
Appreciation: It expresses the loneliness of being in a foreign land, the longing for relatives and the eagerness to meet again.
"How can I cut the candles from the west window and talk about the rainy night in Bashan." Imagining the joy of meeting again and talking in the future contrasts with the loneliness tonight and the longing for loved ones and the eagerness to meet again.
7 Mooring in Qinhuai, Du Mu
Smoke cages, cold water, moon cages in the sand, Mooring in Qinhuai at night, close to restaurants. The merchant girl does not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sings the flowers in the backyard across the river.
Translation: The autumn water on the Qinhuai River ripples, and the evening mist spreads like a veil. The autumn water is covered with charming smoke, and the golden sands on both sides sink into the melting moonlight with the night. I looked quietly from the moored boat and saw the lights of the restaurant on the other side were brilliant. The singing girls are like spring, the "tourists" are crazy, and the singing of "Flowers in the Back Garden" fills the river, but who thought that the country would be destroyed and the family would be destroyed?
Appreciation: The scenes are blended together. On the surface, it is about a singing girl, but it is actually a criticism of the ruling class who ignore the country's difficulties and only care about their own enjoyment.
①The smoke is in the cold water, the moon is in the sand, and I stay in Qinhuai at night near the restaurant. He wrote about the hazy and deserted moonlight night scene
②The merchant girl did not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sang the flowers in the backyard across the river. Discussions and scenes blend together. On the surface, it is about singing girls, but it is actually a criticism of the ruling class that ignores the difficulties of the country and only cares about their own enjoyment.
8 Huanxisha Yan Shu Northern Song Dynasty
A new song and a glass of wine, the weather is the same as last year. When does the sun set?
There is no choice but the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns. The fragrant path in the small garden wanders alone.
Translation: Drinking a glass of wine and listening to a song with new lyrics. I remembered that in the same season last year, there were still the same kind of balconies and pavilions. The sunset in the west, when will you come back here again? Beautiful flowers always wither, this is something people have no choice about. The swallow returning gracefully looked familiar, like an old acquaintance. I walked around alone on the garden path filled with the fragrance of flowers.
Appreciation: It writes about the author's regret that good times do not last long and the sentimentality of the perishable youth.
There is no choice but the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns. Expressing emotions on the spot, all the beautiful things that are bound to disappear are unstoppable, but while disappearing, there are still beautiful things reappearing, but they are no longer the original things, and the reason is that they seem familiar. It describes the author's regret that good times do not last long and the sentimentality of the perishable youth. Known as the odd couple in the world.
9 Wangyue Du Fu
How about Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young. The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dawn.
The clouds grow in the chest, and the returning birds enter the canthus. You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will have a panoramic view of the mountains.
Translation: What does Mount Tai, the first of the five mountains, look like? Its peaks and ridges stretch across the land of Qilu, and the green mountains are endless and endless. Nature has gathered all the magical beauty here. Although the mountains south and north are at the same time, one side is as bright as morning, while the other side is as dark as dusk. The clouds in the mountains are rising layer by layer, which cleanses the mind. At dusk, the returning mountain birds are flying far away from the sky. You can only see them clearly with your eyes wide open. One day, I will definitely climb to the top of the mountain. When the time comes, I will look down at the peaks and see how small they will be!
Appreciation: The two sentences "will be at the top of the mountain and see all the small mountains at a glance" express the poet's ambition of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to climb the peak and overlooking everything.
①The personification of the word "bell" expresses the affection of nature (the word "bell" imbues nature with emotional color, conveying the poet's love and praise for Mount Tai);< /p>
②The personification of the word "cut" shows that Mount Tai blocks out the sky and the sun, and is used to describe a close-up view (the word "cut" is used in a novel and powerful way, as if "dun" and "dawn" are cut by Mount Tai. , wrote the majestic and tall momentum of Mount Tai)
10 Spring Look at Du Fu
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring. The flowers shed tears when I feel grateful, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the hairpin is full of lust.
Translation: The motherland has fallen, but only the mountains and rivers remain. The spring is lonely, and the deserted city is overgrown with vegetation. Feeling sad about the current situation, I can't help crying when I see the flowers. I regret separation, and the birdsong is always startling. Worried about watching the beacon fire, spring has already arrived in March. A letter is worth ten thousand dollars, and news from home is rare. Wrapped in sorrow, the white hair becomes shorter and shorter as it is scratched. His hair is so sparse that it is almost impossible to insert a hairpin
Appreciation: The whole poem expresses the poet's sorrow for his country and his home.
① I shed tears when I feel the beauty of time, and I hate the fear of other birds. : Empathize with objects and personify people. Tears shed when touched by flowers, and frightened when birds are wounded and farewell. It expresses the poet's feelings of sadness for himself and homesickness when he is worried about his country.
②The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. : He wrote about his urgent mood when the news was cut off and he waited for no news for a long time, expressing his longing for his family.
③ "The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.": Detailed description. It expresses the poet's sorrow for the country, sadness for himself and homesickness.
11 The envoy arrived at the fortress Wang Wei
The bicycle wanted to ask about the border, but it belonged to the country and passed by Juyan. Zheng Peng left Hansai, returned to Yan and entered Hutian.
The solitary smoke in the desert is straight, and the sun is setting over the long river. When Xiao Guan is waiting to ride (jì), he will protect Yan (yān) Ran.
Translation: I traveled to the frontier as an envoy in a light carriage to visit the soldiers on the frontier. I passed through Juyan on the way. Like flying fluffy grass floating out of Hansai, like flying geese flying home into Hu Tian. The smoke flies straight up in the desert, and the sun sets perfectly beside the Yellow River. When we reached Xiaoguan, we were waiting to ride, and the guards were at the front line of Yanran. [
Appreciation: It expresses praise for the strange and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall, and expresses the poet's inner loneliness and depression.
Zheng Peng left Hansai, returned to Yan and entered Hutian. Metaphorically, it is said that one comes to "Hansai" like fluffy grass blown away by the wind, and enters "Hutian" like a "returning wild goose" flying north. It secretly describes the poet's inner depression and loneliness.
"The solitary smoke stretches straight across the desert, and the sun sets over the long river" writes about the strange and magnificent scenery beyond the border fortress seen after entering the border fortress. The word "Zhi" shows the beauty of his strength and perseverance. The word "round" gives people a sense of kindness and warmth. The setting sun always gives people a sad and desolate impression. The word "big" vividly depicts the desolation and vastness of the border desert. The composition is beautiful, the colors are beautiful, and the lines are beautiful. It expresses praise for the strange and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall, and expresses the poet's inner loneliness and depression.
12 Tour to Shanxi Village Lu You
Moxiao’s farmhouse is full of wax and wine, and in good years there are enough chickens and dolphins for visitors. The mountains and rivers are full of doubts and there is no way, and the willows and flowers are dark and the flowers are bright in another village.
The flutes and drums follow the spring society, and the clothes and clothes are simple and ancient. From now on, if I am allowed to take advantage of the moonlight, I will knock on the door all the time and night with my stick.
Translation: Don’t laugh at the turbid wine made by farmers in the twelfth lunar month. In the year of good harvest, there will be plenty of delicacies to entertain guests. Mountain after mountain and water after water overlap each other, and when I doubt that there will be any way out, I suddenly see the rich green willows, bright flowers, and another village appearing in front of me. You play the flute, I beat the drum, we form a team to celebrate, the Chunshe Festival is approaching, clothes made of cloth, the most common hat, and the simple ancient style still exist. From today on, if I can take advantage of the moonlight for a leisurely stroll, I, a white-haired old man, will also take advantage of the night, leaning on a cane and knocking on the firewood door of my farm friends at any time at night.
Appreciation: It reflects the farmers' desire for a good harvest and expresses the poet's love and praise for the simple folk customs in the countryside.
The mountains and rivers are full of doubts and there is no way out, and there is another village with dark willows and bright flowers. It is a metaphor that we should keep making progress even in difficulties, because difficulties often contain hope.
13 Rewarding Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou Liu Yuxi, Tang Dynasty
Bashan Chushui is a desolate place, abandoned for twenty-three years. Nostalgic, I recite the flute poems in the air, and when I go to the countryside to read them, I feel like a dead person. Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees. Today I listen to a song of Junge, and for the time being I will be more energetic with a glass of wine
Translation: In desolate places like Bashan and Chushui, I spent twenty-three years of my downfall. Missing an old friend, I suddenly recited a short poem about Wen Di, and after returning from exile for a long time, I felt that it was no longer the same scene as in the past. Thousands of sails are sailing beside the sunken ship, but thousands of trees are blooming in front of the diseased trees. After listening to the poem you recited for me today, let me cheer myself up with this glass of wine.
Appreciation: 1. The author of the first couplet expresses his resentment and infinite bitterness after being demoted through the use of emotional words such as "desolately" and "abandoned".
2. The author of the neck couplet compares himself with a "sinking boat" and a "sick tree". Although he laments his unfortunate life experience, he is still quite optimistic. When later generations read it, they gave it a profound philosophy. What is the philosophy behind this? Borrowing changes in natural scenery to imply social development contains profound philosophy. It is now commonly used to illustrate that new things will replace old things. Personal ruin is nothing, society will always move forward, and the future will definitely be better than the present. He has a firm belief in the future, expresses the poet's optimistic and heroic feelings, and describes the scene described in the neck couplet: beside the sunken boat, there will be a group of boats racing, and thousands of sails sailing together! After the diseased trees, there will be colorful trees and thousands of trees in spring!
3. This poem uses an allusion: I recite the poem on the flute in the nostalgic space, and when I go to the countryside to translate it, I feel like a bad person. What does the poet mean by comparing himself to a king? It is intended to show that he has been demoted for too long, as if he was in another world, his life is completely changed, and he is infinitely sad and confused.
4 Thoughts and emotions: He expressed his infinite bitterness and resentment towards his situation of being demoted and abandoned. At the same time, it also shows the poet's firm belief and optimistic spirit.
14 Red Cliff, Tang Dynasty, Du Mu
The broken halberd sinks in the sand and the iron is not sold, but it will be washed and washed to recognize the previous dynasty. Dongfeng doesn't have sex with Zhou Lang, and Tongquechun locks Erqiao deeply.
Translation: The broken halberd sank in the sand and has not yet melted. If you pick it up and wash it, you can still vaguely see the light and shadow of the historical sword.
If the east wind did not come, how could Zhou Yu use the east wind to burn Cao Cao's 800,000 naval troops and achieve a complete victory? When the Tongque Tower was built to attract famous concubines all over the world, the beauties of Soochow, Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao, might have been locked in the Tongque Tower, and their spring hatred was endless.
Appreciation: 1. Epic poem, the historical event is: Battle of Chibi
2. Thoughts and emotions:
Use the story of Zhou Yu and Cao Cao to express the poet's hero Useless depression and injustice.
5. "The east wind does not agree with Zhou Yu, and the bronze bird spring locks two Qiao deeply." Appreciation: Use allusions to see the big from the small. If Dongfeng hadn't given Zhou Yu convenience, Cao Cao might have won. History is about to be rewritten. To build a career, certain conditions are needed. Without these conditions, even a hero can do nothing. The story of Zhou Yu and Cao Cao is used to express the depression and injustice of the poet's heroes who are useless.
15 Crossing the Lingding Ocean Wen Tianxiang
After a hard encounter, only a few stars fell around in the fight. The mountains and rivers are broken, the wind flutters and the catkins float, and the life experience is ups and downs, and the rain hits the rafters.
Afraid of being alone on the beach, sighing for being alone in the ocean. Since ancient times, no one has died, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate the history
Today's translation: Looking back on the hardships I experienced in my early years from the imperial examination to becoming an official, it has been four weeks since the war broke out. The country is in danger like catkins in a strong wind, and an individual is like duckweed in a sudden rain. The disastrous defeat at Panpantan makes me still terrified. Being trapped in Yuanlu at Lingxiayang, I lamented that I was all alone. Since ancient times, no one has been able to live forever. I want to leave a piece of patriotic loyalty to reflect history.
Thoughts and emotions: By recalling his arduous experience in resisting the Yuan Dynasty, the poet expresses his concern for the country and his determination and national integrity to die for his ambition. .
The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind flutters, and the life experience is ups and downs. Metaphorically, mountains and rivers are broken like catkins in the wind, and my life is as bumpy as a duckweed floating without roots in the rain, rising and sinking at times.
Since ancient times, no one has ever died, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate history: it reflects the poet's concern for the country and his determination and national integrity to sacrifice his life for the country.
16 Shui Tiao Songtou Su Shi
When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine. I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky? I want to ride the wind back, but I'm afraid it will be cold in the high places. Dance and clear the shadow, how can it be like being in the human world? Turning to the Zhu Pavilion, the Qihu is low, and the light is sleepless. There should be no hatred, why should we be reunited when we say goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live forever and travel thousands of miles like a cicada.
Translation: When did the bright moon appear? (I) held the wine glass and asked the sky. I don’t know what era it is now in the palace of gods in the sky. I want to ride the wind back to the sky, but I am afraid that the beautiful moon palace made of jade cannot withstand the cold in the high altitude. In my imagination, I dance to the moon, and the clear shadow follows people, as if I am riding on the clouds and wind, in the sky, where Like in the human world! The moonlight turns from one side of the vermilion pavilion to the other, shining low on the windows, illuminating the sleepless people. The bright moon should not have any resentment, but why does it always become full when relatives leave? People undergo changes in joys and sorrows, and the moon undergoes changes in waxing and waning. This kind of thing has been difficult to fully understand since ancient times. I hope I can stay safe and healthy, and enjoy the bright moonlight thousands of miles away.
Thoughts and emotions: It expresses the poet's optimistic and broad-minded feelings from depression to open-mindedness.
I wish you a long life and a long life. With the help of the beautiful moonlight, I express my best wishes and optimistic spirit to my younger brother. I only hope that the brothers will cherish each other and appreciate the beautiful moonlight of the Mid-Autumn Festival while they are far apart.
17 Hillside Sheep Tong Guan Guan Zhang Yanghao Yuan
The peaks and ridges are like gatherings, the waves are like raging, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road inside and outside. Looking at the Western Capital, I feel hesitant (chú). It is sad that wherever the Qin and Han Dynasties traveled, thousands of palaces and palaces were turned into dirt. The people are prosperous and suffer. If they die, the people will suffer.
Translation: Huashan Mountain is surrounded by mountains, the water of the Yellow River is turbulent, and the terrain inside and outside Tongguan is dangerous. There is the Yellow River in front and Huashan Mountain in the back. It can be said that "one man can guard the pass, and ten thousand people cannot open it". Looking at Chang'an from afar, I feel melancholy and hesitant. What's the use of establishing a capital and dynasty in such a favorable place? So sad! The place where the Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty once served as palaces, now thousands of palaces have turned into dust and dirt. The imperial court prospered, but the people suffered. The imperial court declined and became dilapidated, and the people suffered even more.
Thoughts and emotions: express the author’s dissatisfaction with the rulers and the sympathy of the people. Worry about the country and its people
prosperity and suffering for the people. If they die, the people will suffer. The theme sentence expresses the author's dissatisfaction with the rulers and the sympathy of the people. Concern for the country and the people. It is a summary and criticism of past history.