Knowledge goal: to understand Lu You's life and others' understanding of the world.
To grasp the author's thoughts and feelings.
Through the understanding of the background of the Southern Song Dynasty, we can master the thoughts and feelings of patriotic poets and poets in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Ability goal: be able to appreciate the language and expression skills of poetry.
Emotional goal: learn Lu You's patriotism and personality strength.
1. Import and recite from Shower. On the thoughts and feelings of poetry.
2. Review the literary knowledge about Lu You.
Luyou (1125-1210), a word service concept, calls itself. Yin Shan, a native of Yuezhou (now Shaoxing), was a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The poet "hoped for recovery" all his life, but he was blocked by the imperial capitulators and never realized it. His poems not only have profound real life content, but also have positive romantic spirit. The ideal of resisting gold and saving the country and the suppression of hard-to-pay ambition form an inseparable contradiction, and the fiery passion and uncontrollable resentment generated from it constitute the keynote of his poems. The style is bold and unconstrained, and the language is popular and smooth, which is clear at a glance.
Three. Introduction to writing background
This poem was written in the spring of the 13th year of Xiaozong Xichun (1 186), and Lu You retired to Yin Shan's home. He was a 62-year-old man. Starting from the seventh year of Xichun, he was dismissed from office for six years, living in seclusion in his hometown with no title. Until this poem was written, it was put into use to serve doctors in North Korea and know Yanzhou Zhou Jun. Therefore, the content of the poem has the dual feelings of remembering the past and vowing to serve the country again.
4. Appreciate and taste poetry
1. How to understand the "anger" of "book anger"? What feelings does it contain? What kind of expression is it?
Clear: Without the way to serve the country, nothing can be achieved. contrast
2. Couplets are both narratives and landscapes. Can you tell its scenic features? Can you name another poem that uses this technique?
Clarity: only six nouns are used to outline two magnificent war pictures, which concretize the poet's ambition of recovering. Ex.: An old tree with withered vines cries faintly, and a small bridge flows people. The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
3. How to understand the poem "A teacher reveals his real name, who is equal in a thousand years"?
Clear: This is the expression of poetry. In fact, the poet regards Zhuge Liang as his own situation. Zhuge Liang once said in "A Teacher's Example" that "I will do my best until I die" and "I will set up the Central Plains in the north and revive the Han Dynasty". It is the poet who encouraged himself to show that he will not give up his ambition to restore the Central Plains until his death. It can be seen that although the tone of the book of wrath is grief and indignation caused by unpaid ambitions, it is not desperate, and it also contains heroic feelings.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) extended reading
The outstanding feature of Lu You's poems is that "Ci is beautiful, and Ci is to conquer and restore things". Which two sentences in this poem best reflect this feature? Try to analyze it. Can you list Lu You's other poems and make a brief analysis?
Obviously, this feature can best be reflected in "the building snows at night and the iron horse is in the autumn wind". These two sentences vividly summed up two successful battles 25 years ago: Guazhoudu repelled the invasion of nomads from the Golden Army, and the Great Three Passes were recovered. It is intended to show the great power of the people in the Southern Song Dynasty to defend their homeland, and also to concretize the poet's ambition to recover lost land. It is conceivable that he has a strong desire to join the battle to recover lost territory.
Complain about one's feelings
Recalling that year, in order to find opportunities to make contributions, I went to Liangzhou, the border guard, alone. Where is the dream of closing the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur.
The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry. Who knows, the heart is in Tianshan, and it is always in Cangzhou!
Appreciation: Looking back at the past when he joined the army in Liangzhou in an attempt to restore the Central Plains and serve the motherland, he is now in his old age, reflecting the author's grief and anger in his later years and his obsession with state affairs.
The first two sentences in the last movie are an overview of the author's mood and life when he participated in the anti-enemy battle in Liangzhou. He is ambitious to serve the country, galloping alone thousands of miles away, and wants to create some immortal achievements. "Looking for Hou" can not be simply understood as Lu You's desire to pursue high officials and generous salaries, because in writing, the author secretly used the "Later Han Shu" here. The Allusions of Ban Chao Joining the Army in Biography of Ban Chao. Ban Chao wrote "Capturing Hou", and later made great contributions in the Western Regions, and was really named "Dingyuan Hou". Lu You wrote that when he was in Liangzhou, he had the ambition to serve his country like Ban Chao. However, Lu You's wish didn't come true. The last two sentences are a true portrayal of his immediate life: the scene of the old fighting life still appears in his sleep, indicating that the author's ambition is not over. When he opened his eyes, it was self-evident that "Guanhe" had disappeared, but the shirt of that year had already been dusty, and there was a bleak scene everywhere.
The next film follows the last one and continues to express its obsession with state affairs, but it is already a depressed mood of "the heart is willing but unable to do so". "Hu is still alive" means that the enemy is still arrogant; "The First Autumn" lamented its inability to serve the country; "Empty Tears" contains the author's full of grief and indignation, and also implies the sadness of being forced to retire.
The last three sentences are vigorous and sad, with profound implications. The word "Who expected" lamented that he was forced to retire, revealing his dissatisfaction with the ruling clique in the Southern Song Dynasty. "My heart is in Tianshan Mountain and my body is in Cangzhou" is the blood and tears of Lu You, who is old and pale. It easily reminds readers of the poem "Xiuer" written by Weng Fang, which often makes people cry: "You are dead, knowing that everything is empty, but you can't see the sadness in Kyushu. Julian Waghann has set the Central Plains Day in the north. Don't forget to tell Naion about the family festival. " This is because their patriotism is completely consistent.
Sincere feelings, no false feelings; The language is easy to understand; See depression in the tragic place, and resentment is not depressed. All these make the word Lu You touching and unique.
Abstract of intransitive verbs
Heroes who devote themselves to serving the country are hard to be rewarded, and the poet's personal experience is also the epitome of the country's destiny. The theme of patriotism has a long history in China's ancient poems. Whenever the country is in danger, it always shines in the poetry circle. Lu You inherited this tradition and raised it to an unprecedented height. The theme of patriotism not only runs through his 60-year creative process, but also melts into his life and becomes the soul of the essence of Lu's poetry. Liang Qichao said in the late Qing Dynasty: "The poetry world has been decadent for thousands of years, and the soldiers' souls have sold out" Chinese Soul ". Concentrate on nineteen military music, and the ancient man will let go! "