Poetry can be lyrical or reasonable. What is the truth in the poem "five words"

The first poem is about political discrimination. "Who is true, who is false? There is no end through the ages. " The first two sentences come straight to the point and point out in a rhetorical way: counterfeiters exist in ancient and modern times, and people can't tell them apart. "But loving the saints can deceive the saints, so I know that Zi Ning can solve fools." Both couplets are allusions. Zangsheng deceives the saints and is wise and foolish. On the surface, forgery is similar, but the essence is different. Sadly, however, the world only loves Zang Wuzhong's false saints, but it doesn't know that there are such noble people as Ning Wuzi. "The grass firefly is not a fire, but the lotus dew is a bead." A tie is a metaphor. Fireflies in the grass are not fire after all; The dew on the lotus leaf is not a pearl. However, they can dazzle people with their sparkling appearance, and people are often deceived by illusions. "What's the difference between compassion and honor if you take it instead of burning wood?" The tail joint firefly dew metaphor is closely connected with the neck joint, which is a way to distinguish the authenticity. These two sentences are equivalent to the proverb: "If you are not afraid of not knowing the goods, you are afraid of comparison." The poet puts forward that contrast is an important way to distinguish fallacies. Of course, if it is so dark that you don't even know the firewood and the pearl of illumination, then you lose the basis of comparison. So in the end, the poet lamented "not taking" and "pitiful". This poem is full of arguments, but it is not boring. With the help of images and metaphors, poets use concrete artistic images to illustrate philosophy and express abstract arguments. Moreover, in the eight-sentence tetralogy, rhetorical questions appeared five times, which seemed suspicious and untrue. Asking questions instead of answering them was not only imposing, but also full of strange sighs. From the beginning to the end, the words "who", "bottom story", "but love", "knowing", "don't take it in the end" and "what's the difference" are used together, and the words such as questioning, backchat, restriction and denial are ups and downs. The whole story is full of irresistible passion, giving readers a feeling of being in the throat. The poet's unjust case is caused by speaking out bravely and harming others and himself. His theory of distinguishing falsehood is not a general macro-theory, but a criticism of the dark politics at that time, and a cry of "Li Sao" expressing inner worries.

The second song mainly talks about fortune conversion and gains and losses. With poetic reasoning, the author expounds the relationship between misfortune and happiness in Chapter 58 of Laozi, which shows that bad things can be transformed into good things, and good things can also be transformed into bad things, showing a simple idea of contradiction transformation, that is, a simple dialectical view. This is the story of "A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise" in the poem. Sai Weng's horse was recovered, and it was a blessing to bring back a good horse; But later, my son broke his leg riding a horse, and the blessing turned into a curse. One of the sons went riding, either because he didn't take safety measures in advance, or because he was not good at riding, he fell off his horse. This is the condition for his blessing to turn into disaster. However, the statement that "the horse should be concerned about the country and the people" only talks about transformation, ignoring the conditions of transformation, which is one-sided and inappropriate. Of course, this is a poem, so it can't be said in that detail. Today's people can't criticize the ancients.

The third poem is rich and interesting. At the beginning of the poem, "Give a gentleman a doubt" is to tell people a doubt, and it is very solemn. He used the word "giving" to emphasize the value of this method, indicating that it is an experience. This enhances the appeal of poetry. Because there are many things in life that can't be judged, of course, everyone wants to know what kind of method this is. This method "does not need to drill turtles, good luck." Say what is not and what is not first; What is it, but you don't just say it. This makes poetry more tortuous and turbulent, and plays a role in setting suspense. The third and fourth sentences in the poem euphemistically introduce this method: "It takes three days to examine jade, and seven years to distinguish materials." The only way to know whether something is true or not is to let time test it. After a certain period of observation and comparison, the true colors of things will eventually appear. This is to explain the correctness of this method from the front, and then turn the pen around and explain from the opposite side: "Duke Zhou is afraid of gossip, and Wang Mang is modest and does not usurp." If you don't use this method to identify things, you often can't make an accurate judgment. The evaluation of Duke Zhou and Wang Mang is an example. When the Duke of Zhou became king, some people suspected that he had the ambition to usurp power, but history proved that he was sincere in calling the king, and his loyalty was true, saying that his usurpation was false. When Wang Mang was not in the Han Dynasty, he pretended to be modest and once confused some people. According to the legend in Hanshu, he is "the more he respects the title, the more modest he is"; But history has proved that his "humility" is false, and the self-reliance of the Han Dynasty is his true face. "Shi Xiang died at the beginning. Who knows the truth of his life?" It is the key sentence of an article. The purpose of "definitely suspicious" is to distinguish authenticity. Distinguish the true from the false, and the suspicion will naturally disappear. If you draw a conclusion too early and don't need time to test it, you will easily be blinded by temporary superficial phenomena and can't tell the truth from the wrong. The meaning of this poem is clear, but the language is euphemistic. The "method" of "never doubting" before and after is not directly disclosed. The former cited two examples of "examining jade" and "distinguishing materials", while the latter cited two examples of Duke Zhou and Wang Mang, which made readers think deeply. These examples are not only arguments but also arguments. They contain philosophy in the image, show the universal law with concrete things, see the big from the small and make people think. It is very reasonable and interesting to express a profound philosophy in the form of seven-character poems.

The fourth poem is about the changes in the world and life. The first expensive house was destroyed, and all relatives and friends died; Yesterday's bustling family, today's door is empty; The vast East China Sea will also become a mulberry field. Everything in the universe is moving and changing. It is in this movement and change that the world develops and advances. The wealth of life also changes, so don't blow your own horn and look down on others because of temporary glory. These reflect the author's simple materialist dialectics and have philosophical enlightenment for people to correctly understand life and society.

The fifth poem says that metabolism is the fundamental law of the universe, which is independent of human will. "At the end of the Millennium, pine trees rot, and one day hibiscus flowers are proud", which artistically illustrates this truth. This is true in nature, and life is no exception. To live is to die. Therefore, "Don't bully Mount Tai, the geese don't envy Lao Peng unintentionally", and there is no need to force the length of life. People should "why love the world and always worry about death, don't be too tired." Because life and death conform to the law of world development. The correct attitude towards life is: think more about how to make due contributions to the country and the nation in your lifetime; If so, there is no regret, although there is life in death. "Life and death are illusions, what is the feeling of sadness and joy of an illusionist" further illustrates the natural law of life and death, and also reveals the author's negative emotions.