Liu: Farewell, nostalgia, sadness.
①The words "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, often metaphorizing farewell. The three sentences "Where will I wake up tonight? Willow bank, dawn wind and waning moon" express Liu Yong's longing for his lover.
② "Willow" grows in front of and behind the eaves and is often used as a symbol of hometown. "As soon as I climb the tall building, I feel sad for thousands of miles, and the willow trees are like Tingzhou." It expresses Xu Hun's infinite concern for his hometown.
③"Willow" catkins are erratic and often used to relieve sorrow. "How much leisure and sorrow are there? A river of tobacco fills the city with wind and rain. Plums are yellow and rainy." These lines vividly explain the depth of He Zhu's sorrow at this time.
Wutong: Wutong is a symbol of desolation and sadness.
For example, Wang Changling's "Chang Xin Qiu Ci": "The autumn leaves of Jinjing sycamores are yellow, and the bead curtains are not curled up by the night frost. The jade pillow in the smoked cage has no color, and I lie down and listen to the clear water of Nangong." It is written about being deprived. It depicts the scene of a young girl who has lost her youth, freedom and happiness, lying alone in a desolate and lonely palace, listening to uterine leakage. The first sentence of the poem begins with the yellowing sycamore trees beside the well, creating a desolate and lonely atmosphere. Xu Zaisi, a Yuan Dynasty man, wrote in "Double Tune Water Fairy? Night Rain": "The sound of sycamore leaves means the sound of autumn, the sound of banana leaves means sadness, and the third watch returns to the dream after the third watch." The melancholy thoughts are written with the leaves of the phoenix tree falling and the rain hitting the banana trees. Others include "One leaf, one sound, and the empty steps are dripping into the morning" (Tang Dynasty Wen Tingyun's "Geng Liuzi"), "The sycamore tree is also drizzling, and it is dusk, bit by bit" (Li Qingzhao's "The Sound is Slow"), etc.
Pine and cypress: firm, proud, strong and vital.
Pine: The pine tree is a model of proud frost and snow, and is naturally the object of praise.
Li Bai's "Book to Serve Huang Shang": "I hope you will learn to grow like a pine tree, but be careful not to become a peach and plum." Wei Huangshang has always flattered the powerful, and Li Bai wrote poems to persuade him, hoping that he would become an upright person. Liu Zhen, a native of the Three Kingdoms, wrote in "Gift to Congdi": "Don't you suffer from the cold, pines and cypresses have their own nature." The poet encouraged his cousin to be as loyal as pines and cypresses, and to maintain noble qualities under any circumstances.
In addition - yellow leaves: withering, maturity, beauty's twilight, metabolism; green leaves: vitality, hope, vitality; bamboo: symbolizing a person's noble character and positivity; red leaves: a thing that expresses feelings, and was later borrowed It refers to conveying feelings through poetry.
Red beans: Acacia beans, refers to the token of love between men and women, and is a metaphor for the love or friendship between men and women.
Derived from Wang Wei's poem "Lovesickness": "Red beans grow in the South. When spring comes, a few branches will appear. I advise you to pick more. This is the most lovesick thing." The poet expressed his love for his friends through red beans born in the South. of nostalgia.
Chrysanthemum: seclusion, nobility and refinement.
Although the chrysanthemum cannot be compared with the beautiful peony, nor can it be compared with the orchid that is a hundred times more valuable, but as a flower of proud frost, it has always been favored by literati, and some people praised it for its strong strength. Character, some people appreciate its noble temperament. Qu Yuan's "Li Sao": "Drinking magnolias in the morning make the dew fall, and dining with autumn chrysanthemums in the evening." The poet symbolizes his nobility and purity of character by drinking dew and eating flowers. "Chrysanthemums" by Yuan Zhen of the Tang Dynasty: "Autumn bushes surround the house like Tao's house, and the fence is gradually sloping. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred among flowers, but there will be no flowers when the flowers are in bloom." It expresses the poet's pursuit of steadfastness and noble character. Others "I would rather die holding the fragrance on the branches than blowing down among the flowers" ("Cold Chrysanthemum" by Zheng Sixiao of the Song Dynasty), "The lonely east fence is wet with dew, and the gold in front shines on the sand" ("Two Chrysanthemums after the Double Ninth Festival" by Fan Chengda of the Song Dynasty) In other poems, chrysanthemums are used to express the poet's spiritual quality. The chrysanthemum here has undoubtedly become a portrayal of the poet's personality.
Plum blossom: proud, strong and unyielding.
Plum blossoms are the first to bloom in the severe cold, and then lead to the fragrance of brilliant flowers. Therefore, plum blossoms, like chrysanthemums, are admired and praised by poets. Chen Liang of the Song Dynasty wrote "Plum Blossom": "One flower suddenly changes first, and hundreds of flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristics of plum blossoms that bloom first, and wrote about the quality of not being afraid of setbacks and daring to be the first in the world. Chant yourself. Wang Anshi's "Plum Blossoms": "You know it's not snow from a distance, because there is a faint fragrance coming." The poem not only describes the plum blossoms' spread due to the wind, but also implicitly expresses the purity and whiteness of the plum blossoms, achieving an artistic effect of both fragrance and color. Lu You's famous poem "Ode to Plum Blossoms": "It fell into mud and was crushed into dust, but only the fragrance remains the same." He used plum blossoms to describe his tortured misfortunes and his noble sentiments that he did not want to join in the misfortune. Wang Mian of the Yuan Dynasty wrote "Mo Mei": "Don't let people praise the good color, just leave the pure air to fill the universe." It also uses the pure and pure plum blossoms to reflect one's unwillingness to join the others, which is simple in words but profound in meaning.
Lotus: Since "Lotus" and "Pity" have the same sound, there are many poems about lotus in ancient poems to express love.
For example, in the "Xizhou Song" written by the Yuefu of the Southern Dynasty: "In the autumn of picking lotus in Nantang, the lotus exceeds people's heads; I lower my head to pick up the lotus seeds, which are as green as water." "Lotus seeds" means "pity", and "green" means "qing" . This is both real and fictitious writing, with semantic puns and homophonic pun rhetoric, expressing a woman's deep longing for the man she loves and the purity of her love. Jin Dynasty's "Forty-Two Midnight Songs" No. 35: "The mist and dew hide the hibiscus, and the lotus is not distinguishable." The mist and dew hide the true appearance of the lotus, and the lotus leaves are visible but not clearly distinguishable. This is also a method of using homophonic puns. , writes about a woman who vaguely feels that her man is in love with her.
Flowers bloom: hope, youth, the splendor of life.
Flowers fall: withering, frustration, setbacks in life and career, cherishing spring, nostalgia and nostalgia for beautiful things.
Peach blossom: symbolizes beauty.
Lan: Gao Jie.
Peony: wealth and beauty.
Grass: strong vitality, endless growth, humble status.
Grain millet: the sorrow of Millet Li (the country’s current prosperity and past decline).
Plum: Its maturity is a metaphor for a girl's youth, such as "leaning against the door and looking back, sniffing the green plums" (Li Qingzhao's "Red Lips").
Lilac: refers to sad thoughts or complexes, such as "Since leaving Nanpu, I have been sad to see lilac knots" ("Thanks a lot" by Niu Qiao of the Tang Dynasty)
Poems describing natural scenery
1. There are many trees and lush grass. ——(Cao Cao's "Viewing the Sea")
2. The Green Tree Village is close to the edge, and the Qingshan Guo is sloping outside. ——(Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old Friend's Village")
3. The bird stayed in the tree by the pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon. ——(Jia Dao's "Inscribed on Li Ning's Residence in Seclusion")
4. The jasper is as tall as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. ——He Zhizhang's "Ode to the Willow"
5. Suddenly, as if a spring breeze came overnight, thousands of pear blossoms bloomed on the dry trees. ——(Cen Shen's "Bai Xue Ge Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital")
6. Qingchuan has Hanyang trees and luxuriant grass in Parrot Island. ——(Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower")
7. Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees grew in front of the diseased trees. ——(Liu Yuxi's "Rewarding Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou")
8. The spring is silent and cherishes the trickle, and the shade of the tree shines on the water, which is clear and soft. ——Yang Wanli's "Little Pond"
9. Withered vines and old trees, dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's homes, and old roads with westerly winds and thin horses. ——(Ma Zhiyuan's "The Clear Sky and the Sand? Autumn Thoughts")
10. Last night, the west wind withered the green trees. I climbed up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world. ——(Yan Shu's "Butterfly Loves Flowers")
11. The sound of wind and rain at night makes you know how many flowers have fallen. ——"Meng Haoran's "Spring Dawn")
12. After the new rain in the empty mountains, the weather comes late in autumn. ——(Wang Wei's "Autumn Borer in the Mountains")
13. Good rain knows the season, and spring will happen. ——(Du Fu's "Spring Night Happy Rain")
14. There is no rain on the mountain road, and the sky is green and people's clothes are wet. ——(Wang Wei's "In the Mountains")
15. Green bamboo hats, green coir raincoats, no need to return in the slanting wind and drizzle. ——(Zhang Zhihe's "Fisher's Song")
16. I lie down at night listening to the wind and rain, and the iron horse and the glacier man dream of coming. ——(Lu You's "Wind and Rain on November 4th")
17. During the Qingming Festival, it rains heavily, and pedestrians on the road feel like they are dying. ——Du Mu's "Qingming Festival"
18. The cold rain falls on the river at night, and I see off my guests in Chu Shangu at dawn. ——(Wang Changling's "Farewell to Xin Jian at the Furong Tower")
9. The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guesthouses are green and green. ——(Wang Wei's "The Second Envoy of the Yuan Dynasty to Anxi")
10. The clear water is beautiful when the water is shining, but the mountains are also strange when they are empty and covered with rain.
——(Su Shi's "Drinking the First Sunny and Later Rain on the Lake")