First, the teaching objectives
1. Understand the meaning of the poem, analyze how it expresses the author's thoughts and feelings according to the main contents of the poem, and summarize the main idea of the poem;
2. Analyze the social reality reflected by poetry;
3. Evaluate the positive significance or limitations of the ideological content of poetry.
Second, the difficulties in teaching
1. Analyze how this poem expresses the author's thoughts and feelings;
2. Evaluate the positive significance or limitations of the ideological content of poetry.
Third, the teaching process
(1) import
China's classical poems are extensive and profound. "Until, holding up my cup, I asked the moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us." Li Bai poured out loneliness and loneliness with poetry; "Once you climb to the top of the mountain and peek, you will see that other mountains look short under the sky ..." Du Fu used poems to clarify his expectations for the future when he was young. "Hold the festival cloud, when will you send the Phoenix Hall?" Su Shi used poetry to express his desire to be appreciated and reused; Liu Yuxi tells us in his poems that new things will definitely replace old things. There are poems in the world, and the beauty of poetry lies in the four seasons. Reading classical poetry makes us feel the momentum and strength that shocked the ancient and modern times. This is the charm of ancient poetry. Learning from the feelings and wisdom of the ancients can light up our life today. Today, we will learn the third section of poetry appreciation-the exploration of poetry thoughts and feelings.
Appreciation of a poem
Five Poems of Thinking (4)
Yuan Zhen
Once the ocean is short of water,
Amber forever.
Looking back at the flowers lazily,
Half the sky is cultivated, half the sky is a gentleman.
(B) Analysis of a poem
Word allusions:
"The sea is difficult for water": the source of Mencius' Dedicated Articles "He who looks at the sea is difficult for water". It means that you have seen the water potential of the vast sea, and the flow of the river is not water.
"Forever Amber": The allusion to "Wushan" in Song Yu's "Gaotangmi" means that nothing is a cloud except the cloud on Wushan.
"Spend time": It should mean in order, in order. (Northern Qi Hu Lv Xian's "Northern Qi Music Song": "Drunk every day, the national economy is the best in the world." )
"Looking back": Looking back. "Fate": Because.
(3) Organize the original text
After the magnificent sea, the water elsewhere is not worth seeing. If you indulge in the dream of sex rain in Wushan, the scenery in other places can't be called sex rain. Even among the flowers, I am too lazy to look back; This reason is partly due to the abstinence of monks and partly because you have had it.
(D) Enter the creative background
Mourn the death of his wife. In the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan (802), Wei Cong, Wei's youngest daughter, was born in Jingzhao. His life is outstanding, and his seventh grandfather was named Longmen Gong. After Longmen, he married Yuan Zhen, a 24-year-old poet, who was only the secretary of the provincial school. After marriage, they were inseparable and lived a warm and sweet life. However, the good times did not last long. Wei Cong, the wife of Wen Liang, who was only 27 years old, died in Tang Xianzong Yuanhe four years ago. At this time, Yuan Zhen, 3 1 year-old, has been promoted to supervise the empire, and the death of his beloved wife is undoubtedly a heavy blow to him. He was very sad and wrote a series of mourning poems, which were written one year after his beloved wife died of illness.
(5) Close to the author
Yuan Zhen admired Du Fu's poems, and his poetic theory changed from Du Fu to Du Fu. In a simple and vivid way, it presents gorgeous beauty, strong colors, tortuous plots and vivid details. It is the same as Liu Meng's and Li Yu's 19 ancient Yuefu poems, and it is also listed as Yuefu in Yuan Zhen, which is similar to the Song of Eternal Sorrow. He is good at writing the love between men and women, and his description is meticulous and vivid, which is different from the description of ordinary colourful poems. Mourning poems were written in memory of his wife, Wei Cong. Among them, three mourning poems are the most widely circulated. In the form of poetry, Yuan Zhen is the founder of "paying with rhyme".
(6) Writing analysis
The most prominent feature of this poem is to express the hero's deep love for his lost sweetheart in a clever way. It uses water, clouds and flowers in succession, and it is written in a tortuous and euphemistic way, with far-reaching artistic conception and intriguing.
On the surface, it refers to the water and clouds in other places that are difficult for poets to see after reading Seawater and Wushan Cloud. In fact, it means that the affection between their husband and wife is like the sea and the sea of clouds in Wushan, and its depth and beauty are unparalleled in the world-no woman can impress the poet except his wife.
The poet used the beautiful scenery of "sea and water" and "Wushan Cloud" to express his unswerving feelings for his beloved wife and show the beautiful feelings of the former husband and wife.
"Once the sea was difficult for water, it was always amber", which has profound artistic conception and rich meaning, but it is intense but implicit.
The reason why the poet is "lazy to look back" is revealed by "half predestined relationship": half because the poet has seen through the world of mortals and has the intention of practicing Buddhism; The other half is because the poet has only one wife in his heart. Why does it say "half the sky is repaired, half the sky is heavenly"? Throughout his life, Yuan Zhen respected Buddhism and Taoism by "emphasizing carefree articles and Buddhist scriptures" (Bai Juyi praised Yuan Zhen's language in Ten Questions and Answers). "Cultivation" here can also be understood as paying attention to the cultivation of moral knowledge. But for Yuan Zhen, both respecting Buddha and Xiu De's scholarship are just an emotional sustenance of inner loss and grief that can't be let go, almost escaping.
(7) Explore thoughts and feelings
According to the previous appreciation, summarize the thoughts and feelings of this poem.
(8) Skills counseling: Reading poetry is like making tea.
Look at the title. Titles generally include time, place, people, events, the author's mood, the artistic conception of poetry, the type of poetry and many other information. Grasping this breakthrough point will help candidates understand the connotation of poetry. For example, the title of Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off to Shu" not only points out the event (seeing friends off), but also shows the faraway place where friends go (Shu), and also implies the farewell feeling contained in the whole poem.
See the author. Every author's works show different characteristics because of the influence of the times and the author's own personality. Therefore, understanding the author's background and writing characteristics is helpful for candidates to accurately grasp the ideological content of poetry. For example, most of Li Bai's poems are passionate and imaginative, expressing the breath of the prosperous Tang Dynasty; However, most of Du Fu's poems are gloomy and frustrated, showing the destruction of society and the suffering of people's livelihood.
Look at those poetic eyes. Generally speaking, every poem has a poetic eye, that is, the most concise and vivid word or phrase. For example, Meng Haoran's "Sleeping in Jiande": "My boat is sailing in the fog, the day is getting dark, and the memories of the old days begin. How vast the world is, how close the trees are to heaven, and how close the moon is to the water! "A word" sorrow "laid the emotional tone of the whole poem.
(9) Intensive training to solve problems
Open the workbook and do three exercises.
Fourth, blackboard design.
First, look at the topic
Second, look at the author.
Third, read notes.
Fourth, look at the image
Five, look at the eye of poetry
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assignment
Complete the recitation and appreciation of poems in the workbook.