Gao Shi is the leader of the frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and "vigorous and solemn" is the remarkable feature of his frontier poetry. His poems are characterized by high quality, grandeur and simplicity. Gao Shi is lonely and has the spirit of a ranger. He once roamed Liang and Song Dynasties and devoted himself to self-sufficiency. In addition, he is generous and upright, so his poems reflect a wide range and have profound themes. The psychological structure of Gao Shi is extensive. Finally, he said, "I heard about the battle in the desert today, but it's Li Ye!" There are both ardent expectations and deep sighs, which are implicit and powerful.
Gao Shi's poems focus on people rather than natural landscapes, so he rarely writes about landscapes, and often accompanies them when expressing his feelings, so this scene bears the poet's personal subjective imprint. In "Ge Yanxing", the bleak scene is described by "the dust and sand are exhausted in the late autumn, the grass is withered, and the sun is setting on the lonely wall", and the desert, hay, lonely city and sunset are compared to form a picture full of subjective feelings. The heroic and tragic battles of the soldiers became more intense. Gao Shi uses simple words in his language style without carving. For example, one of "Two Poems of Biedongda University": "Huang Yun is a thousand miles away, and the north wind blows wild geese and snow, so Mochow doesn't know the road ahead, and everyone in the world doesn't know a gentleman." Technically, it seems that he doesn't exert himself at all, and his words are all from the meaning, without deliberate modification.
Gao Shi's life and creation can be divided into four periods:
(1) Twenty years ago, when he failed to find a job and was trapped in the Song Dynasty, he began to write poetry.
(2) From the 20th year of Kaiyuan to the 8th year of Tianbao, the first time he left the fortress, idled around and accomplished nothing, which was the heyday of his creation;
(3) From eight to fourteen years in Tianbao, you can continue to play your creativity by standing aside and joining the army;
(4) After Yuan Zai (756), he was proud of his official career. Although he has written some excellent works, on the whole, he is not as good as the first three issues.
Gao Shi's poems have a wide range of themes, rich content and strong reality. They mainly include the following categories:
Frontier poems are the highest achievement. His representative works include Ge Yanxing, Five Poems of Jimen, Cezanne, Xia Sai Qu, Zhong Zuoji, Three Songs of Nine, etc. , praised the soldiers' lofty sentiments of bravely serving the country and making contributions to the cause, wrote down their hardships in military life and their beautiful desire for peace, and exposed the arrogance and extravagance of frontier generals.
(2) Poetry reflecting the sufferings of people's livelihood. These poems profoundly exposed the contradiction between the rulers and the broad masses of the people, such as Thirteen Poems on the Way to the Yellow River, Flood in Lu Yu, Dongping, etc. , truly describes the heavy burden of taxes, corvees and natural disasters, and expresses sympathy for their plight. He also wrote some poems praising "good officials", which originated from the idea of "benevolent government"
(3) Satire hurts poetry. Generally speaking, it refers to abusing politics and criticizing the rulers' arrogance and extravagance, such as "Ancient Songs" and "Two Poems Difficult to Do". There are also some poems written after the Anshi Rebellion, which show anxiety and indignation at the current situation, such as "Rewarding Mr. Pei with Poems instead of Books" and "Two Poems by Baizhang Peak".
④ There are the most poems chanting for the bosom, and their ideological content is complicated. If you don't want to join the army and reward Xue, send Guo Shaofu three certificates of Wei, Xiao Gu gives Cui Er, Zuo, etc. , expressed concern and resentment about talent, ambition and hard pay, as well as dissatisfaction with reality.
However, such as "Poems from Yin Shan to Shen Sishan" and "Addendum for a person to send Toure every day". , or expressing friendship and other wishes, or longing for seclusion, are sincere and infectious. There are also some works in this kind of poems that envy fame and fortune and flatter powerful people, which is not desirable. In addition, there are some historical works, such as Ten Poems of Song Dynasty, and some poems describing the scenery of the journey, such as quite good sentences. Gao Shi's poems enjoyed a high reputation at that time. The New Tang Book Gao Shi Biography said that he was "arrogant. Every article has been spread by people who are good at it. " Yin Kun's "He Yue Qun Ying Hui" also praised him for his "rich and vigorous writing style, so both officials and people like his writing". Wang Shizhen pointed out that Gao Shi's style is "sadness"
The basic characteristics of Gao Shi's poetic style are deep feelings, straightforward language and vigorous brushwork. As far as poetic style is concerned, Gao Shi's ancient style is superior to modern poetry, especially the seven verses of ancient style. The song is long, magnificent and frustrated, and the most powerful is the strong. Five ancient styles are simple and straightforward, close to the taste of ancient poems in Han and Wei Dynasties. Modern style is superior to seven laws and four styles. This book of Gao Shi's works and 20 volumes of collected works are recorded in the new and old Tang books, but they do not exist. Today, there are manuscripts of Gao Chang Shi Ji, Ming Ji Jia Ge Ying Song, 8 volumes of poems, 2 volumes of essays, 8 volumes of Si Series photocopying movable type books, Zhang Ming Xun Ye, Xu Zichang and other collections. There are also some lost poems. Annotations include Liu Kaiyang's Annotation on Chronology of Gao Shi's Poems and Sun Qinshan's Annotation on Gao Shi's Collection, both of which are accompanied by chronologies. The works about Gao Shi's life include: Wang Dajin's Poems on the Life of the Poet Gao Shi, Peng Lan's Chronology of Kao Shi, Zhou Xunchu's Chronology of Kao Shi, Fu Xuancong's Examination of Tang Dynasty Poets and so on.