Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the poetic style of Han Yuefu, and his Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the New Yuefu Movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focuses on the whole story, marking the high achievement of Chinese poetry art.. Du Fu also showed remarkable creativity in the Five-Seven Rhythm, and accumulated complete artistic experience in temperament, antithesis, and refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage.
Du Fu (712-77 AD), with beautiful words, often called himself a young and wild man in his poems. He was born in Gongxian County (now gongyi city, Henan Province) to a landlord's family, whose grandfather Du Shenyan was a famous poet in Wu Zetian's time, and his father was a county magistrate in Yanzhou, so he also enjoyed the privileges of not paying taxes and refusing military service. But he had a rough life.
He began to recite poetry at the age of seven, and "reading thousands of books" and "reading thousands of books in secret" prepared sufficient conditions for his creation.
At the age of twenty, he began to travel south to wuyue and then to Qi Zhao. During the ten-year strong tour, he visited the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland, which not only enriched his life, but also broadened his vision and mind, which made his early poems have a strong romantic color.
In the fifth year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 746), Du Fu, 35, came to Chang 'an. In the following year, he took an examination written by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the treacherous court official Li Linfu, none of the candidates were admitted. From then on, there was no way to make progress, and I lived a humiliating life of "being rich in the morning and being fat in the evening". This also enabled him to see the sufferings of the lower class and the evils of the ruling class, and thus wrote realistic masterpieces such as The Garage Shop, two for the road, and Going to Fengxian to pay tribute to the memory.
It wasn't until the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755) that you got the post of "You Wei led the government soldier Cao to join the army" and was responsible for guarding the armory. In the same year, the "An Shi Rebellion" broke out, and Du Fu was visiting his family in Fengxian (Pucheng, Shaanxi). In the second year, he settled his family in Qiang Village, Fuxian County (in Shaanxi Province) and went to Su Zong, who acceded to the throne in Lingwu (Gansu Province). On the way, he was captured by the rebels and taken to the occupied Chang 'an, during which he witnessed the atrocities of killing and looting by the rebels and the suffering of the people. It was not until April of the second year of Zhide (AD 757) that he ventured to Fengxiang (Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), the temporary residence of Suzong, and was awarded the post of left. Soon after, he was demoted to join the army as a secretary of Huazhou because he helped save the house. Since then, he has been repeatedly denounced and gained a deeper understanding of the sufferings of the people. The social reality that he heard and witnessed provided the material for his creation of Spring Watch, Aijiangtou, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells, and made his poems reach the peak of realism.
"I am full of sorrow and trouble, because people travel far." In 759 AD, he abandoned his official position, moved his family to the west, and finally arrived in Chengdu. With the help of Yanwu and others, he built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhua River in the west of the city, known as Du Fu's thatched cottage, also known as Huanhuacao Hall. Later, it was recommended by Yanwu as the festival capital, and the whole family lived in fengjie county, Sichuan. Two years later, I left fengjie county and moved around Jiangling and Hengyang. In the fifth year of Tang Daizong Dali (77), the poet died in a boat in Xiangjiang River. During his last eleven years in the southwest, although he lived a life like a crowd, he wrote more than 1, poems, such as A Hut Broken by Autumn Wind, both sides of the yellow river recaptured by the imperial army, Qiu Xing, and Sui Yan Xing. Du fu's thought
The core of Du fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and his poetic style is gloomy and frustrated, worrying about the country and the people. He has the grand ambition of "to make the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then to make the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, and exposed and criticized the X defeat of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and was even willing to make sacrifices to save their suffering. Therefore, his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, with the most ordinary people as the protagonist, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, strong times color and distinct political tendency, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life picture of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, so they are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are rich in changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles, except for the five ancient, seven ancient, five laws and seven laws, and he also wrote a lot of arranged laws. The artistic techniques are also varied, and they are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, and got rid of the shackles of Yuefu's ancient themes, and created many new themes of Yuefu, such as the famous "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". After his death, he was greatly praised by Fan Huang, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi and others. Du Fu's poems have a profound influence on Yuan Bai's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems were widely valued after the Song Dynasty. Wang Yucheng, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others hold Du Fu in high esteem, while Wen Tianxiang takes Du Fu's poems as the spiritual force to stick to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art.. For details of his life, see Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, Volume 19.