During the Qingming Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, the drizzle drifted one after another, and the passengers on the road were out of their wits. Where can local people buy wine to drown their sorrows? The shepherd boy just smiled and pointed to Xinghuashan Village.
Note 1 Qingming: one of the 24 solar terms, around April 5 in the solar calendar. On the day of the old custom, there were activities such as sweeping graves, hiking and inserting willows. In the palace, this day is the swing festival. Put swings in the Palace of Kunning and the harem, and make swings for concubines. 2 successive: multiple descriptions. 3 desire to break the soul: describe deep sadness, as if the soul were to be separated from the body. Broken soul: looks sad and unhappy. The meaning of these two sentences is that there are many rains in the Qingming period, and it is fluttering; In this weather and this festival, pedestrians on the road are depressed and upset. 4 Sorry: Sorry. 5 Xinghua village: a village deep in apricot flowers. Today is outside Xiushan Gate in Guichi, Anhui Province. Influenced by this poem, later generations often use "Xinghua Village" as the name of the hotel.
Qingming Appreciation This day is Tomb-Sweeping Day. The poet Xiao Du happened to get caught in the rain during his trip. Qingming, although it is a season of blooming green flowers and bright spring, is also a period when the climate is prone to change, often catching up with "noisy weather". As early as the Liang Dynasty, it was recorded that the Cold Food Festival in Tomb-Sweeping Day two days ago often had a "flurry of rain". If it rains on Qingming day, there is a special name called "adding rain to the fire". The poet Du Mu met such a day.
The poet used "one after another" to describe the "pouring rain" that day, which is really wonderful. How can I see it? "One after another", if described by snow, should be heavy snow, the so-called "one after another, what a heavy snow". But when it rains, the situation is just the opposite. It is not the heavy rain that makes people feel "one after another", but the rain in Mao Mao. This rain in Mao Mao is the characteristic of spring rain. There is a lot of rain in Mao Mao, which is the kind of rain that is "like crisp rain in the sky". It is different from the rainstorm in summer, and definitely different from the intermittent autumn rain. This song "After Rain" captures Tomb-Sweeping Day's spirit of "throwing fire to pour rain" and conveys the sad and beautiful realm of "deceiving flowers with cold and trapping smoke with willow".
There is no doubt that this song "One after another" depicts the artistic conception of spring rain here; But it's more than that. It also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of travelers in the rain.
Look at the following sentence: "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." A pedestrian is a person who travels away from home. "Pedestrians" don't mean "tourists" or people who come to see the scenery in spring. So what is "broken soul"? Is "soul" the soul of "three souls and seven spirits"? That's not true. In poetry, "soul" mostly refers to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" refers to trying to describe a deep and hidden feeling, which is very strong, but not clearly expressed outside, such as love and acacia, depression and depression, dark sorrow and deep hatred. When poets have such emotions, they often like to use the word "soul break" to express their feelings.
Tomb-Sweeping Day in the ancient sense is not exactly the same as our concept of it today. At that time, Tomb-Sweeping Day was a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It should have been family reunion, sightseeing or grave-sweeping, which is the main etiquette and custom. In addition to those childe Wang Sun and others who are greedy for flowers and wine, some thoughtful poets, especially those with rich feelings, have quite complicated feelings. If you catch up with the lonely road again and feel sad, it will be easier to stir his heart. It happened that we caught up with one rain after another in Mao Mao, and the shirts in spring were all wet, adding another layer of sadness to pedestrians. Only in this way can we understand why the poet wrote the word "broken soul" at this juncture; Otherwise, a little rain is also worth "breaking the soul." Isn't that reasonable?
In this way, we can return to the word "one after another". Originally, people who travel during festivals already have many ideas. In addition, they are scattered in the wind and rain, walking in the rain [z m: n], which makes their mood more chaotic. So they all describe spring rain, but they can also describe emotions; It can even be said that the description of spring rain is to describe emotions. This is a stunt and a landscape in China's classical poetry.
The first two sentences explain the situation and the problem has also occurred. What shall we do? We need to find a solution. Pedestrians can't help thinking at this moment: where to find a small hotel. The matter is clear: find a small hotel, rest your feet and take shelter from the rain; Second, drink three cups to relieve the cold in spring and warm clothes wet by rain; Most importantly, it can also dispel my sadness. So, ask someone for directions.
Who did you ask for directions? The poet didn't tell us in the third sentence, but the wonderful thing is in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village". Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is also the object of the previous sentence "I'm sorry"-it complements both sides of the previous question and answer. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but taking "action" as an answer is more vivid and powerful than an answer. We watched the play Little Cowherd. When someone asked the shepherd boy for directions, he pointed his hand and said, "Follow my hand!" " "Answering with actions" means "music" with "pictures", both of which allow viewers to enjoy beauty at the same time; Nowadays, the poet's technique is simpler and more superb: he only gives the reader "pictures" and omits "music". No, it contains "music". While enjoying the beautiful "picture" of the direction, readers also hear the "music" of the answer.
"Yao" literally means far. However, we who read poetry must not stick to the literal meaning everywhere and think that Xinghua Village must be far away from here. With this finger, you can see the end of the red apricot and clearly pick out a wine curtain-"wine table". If it is really far away, it is difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really in front of you, you will lose endless interest: beauty is not far away. In the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions, there is a place named "Apricot curtain in sight" by Jingzi, and the expression of "in sight" comes from this experience, which is just a footnote for Du Lang's sentence. The shepherd boy in "Little Cowherd" also said, "I'm here, point with my hand, there are several families on the high slope in front of me, and there is a big sign hanging on the willow tree", and then called the female guest "You want to eat the good wine in Xinghua Village", which is also from here. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to restaurants. It is enough to point to this beautiful village in the depths of apricot blossoms. It goes without saying that there is a small hotel waiting to receive guests walking in the rain.
Not only that. In real life, asking the way is just a means, the purpose is to really get to the hotel and have a drink, which is one thing. In poetry, this is unnecessary. It just wrote "pointing to Xinghua Village" and stopped abruptly, without a word. The rest, these poets can "ignore" how happy pedestrians are when they hear the news, how they work harder to move forward, how they are excited to find a hotel, and how they are gratified to get the satisfaction and pleasure of sheltering from the wind and rain and eliminating troubles. He left all this behind and left it to the readers to imagine and let them seek understanding. He just introduces the realm of a poem to readers, but he is not responsible for guiding the panorama; On the other hand, he opened a wider imagination space for readers than the Chinese words in poetry. This is the inexhaustible nature of art.
This is the enjoyment of poets and our readers, this is art, and this is also the place where China's classical poems are particularly good at playing. The ancients once said that a good poem can "describe a scene that is difficult to write, such as the present;" Endless meaning lies in words. "Take this poem" Qingming Festival "for example. In a sense, it is well-deserved.
This little poem, without any difficult words and allusions, is written in very popular language and has no trace of management. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful and interesting. Poetry is also natural in style and written in order. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is the "beginning"; The second sentence is "Cheng", which describes the characters and shows their sad and confused mentality. The third sentence is "turn", but it also puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; This leads directly to the fourth sentence and becomes the highlight of the whole article-"he". In art, this is a technique from low to high, and gradually rises, with the apex of * * * at the end. The so-called * * * vertex, but not take in everything in a glance, boring, but full of charm, intriguing. These are the highlights of the poet and are worth learning and inheriting!
The Creation Background of Qingming This poem first appeared in the Splendid Flower Valley in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and later appeared in Selected Poems of Thousand Immortals in Tang and Song Dynasties, Poems of Thousand Families in Xie Fangde and Poems of Kangxi Imperial Selection in Qing Dynasty. "Jiangnan Tongzhi" contains: Du Mu once went to Xinghua Village to drink when he was the secretariat of Chizhou, which is what the poem refers to. There are attractions such as Duhu Lake and Southeast Lake nearby.
Poetry: Qingming Poetry Author: Tang Dynasty Du Mu Poetry Classification: Tomb-Sweeping Day, writing rain, writing people, walking.