1. Original text
"Shu Anger"
Lu You [Song Dynasty]
In his early years, he knew that the world was difficult, and the Central Plains looked to the north with a spirit as strong as the mountains. .
The building boat crosses Guazhou in the snowy night, and the iron horse disperses in the strong autumn wind.
I walled the Great Wall and promised myself that it would be empty, but the fading hair on my temples was already stained in the mirror.
If you are a master and show off your real name in the world, who can compare with you in a thousand years!
2. Notes
Book anger: write your own resentment. write.
Early years: early years, when you are young. That: that is "where". Things are hard: the great cause of resisting gold has been repeatedly undermined.
"Central Plains" sentence: Looking north to the Central Plains, the heroic spirit of regaining the homeland is as firm as a mountain. The Central Plains looks north, which is the reverse text of "Looking north to the Central Plains". Qi, spirit.
Lou Chuan refers to the vehicles and boats used by the Song Army in the Quarrying War, also known as paddle boats and wheel boats. There is a pedal-driven machine inside the vehicle and a paddle wheel connected to the outside of the boat, which relies on the pedal power of a group of people to move forward. Cars and boats were very popular in the Song Dynasty. Because this kind of warship is tall and has a building, it is called a building ship. Guazhou: Located on the Yangtze River south of Xingjiang River in today's Jiangsu Province, across the river from Zhenjiang, it was an important place for river defense at that time.
Iron horse: a war horse wearing iron armor.
Dasanguan: Located southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi today, it was the western boundary of the Song and Jin Dynasties at that time.
Covering the Great Wall is a metaphor for a general who can guard the border. "The Biography of Tan Daoji in Southern History" records that Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty wanted to kill the general Tan Daoji. Before his execution, Tan angrily shouted: "I will destroy your Great Wall!"
Faint temples: old and thinning hair. Spots: refers to black hair mixed with white hair.
A Statement of Departure: In March of the fifth year of Jianxing (227), the queen of the Shu Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang wrote an article "A Statement of Departure" before sending troops to attack Wei, expressing that he "rewarded the three armies and set the Central Plains in the north." , the strong determination to "restore the Han Dynasty and return the old capital".
Famous: Famous for future generations.
Kan: Yes.
Bozhong: originally refers to the order among brothers. Here it is a metaphor that the characters are on par with each other and it is difficult to distinguish between superior and inferior.
3. Translation
When I was young, I never knew that the world would be so difficult. Looking north to the Central Plains, my heroic spirit to regain my homeland was as firm as a mountain.
I remember beating up the Jin soldiers at Guazhou Crossing, and flying warships on a snowy night. In the autumn wind, horses galloped freely, and good news of regaining Dashan Pass came frequently.
Back then, I used the Great Wall to raise my hopes, but now my hair on the temples has gradually turned gray, and my hopes for the Northern Expedition and recovery have become empty talk.
The reputation of Chushibiao is truly well-deserved. Who is like Zhuge Liang who dedicated his whole life and led the three armies to restore the Han Dynasty and conquer the Central Plains!
4. Appreciation
The whole poem is closely linked to the word "anger" and can be divided into two parts. The first four sentences summarize his lofty ideals and fighting life scenes in his youth. Among them, the jaw couplet captures two pictures that best reflect the "Qi like a mountain". It does not use a verb, but it shows the whole realm and is full of strong edges. The local atmosphere and high fighting mood. The last four sentences express the sadness and anger of failed ambitions, wasted time, and unachievable achievements, but the sadness and anger are not sentimental and decadent. The last couplet compares Zhuge Liang to himself, with dissatisfaction and lamentation intertwined, showing the poet's complex inner world. This poem has a broad artistic conception, melancholy emotions and rich charm.