"History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" records: "Liang Kejia, named Shuzi, was born in Jinjiang, Quanzhou. He was extremely smart and sensitive at a young age, and his books have become recited."
About the ancestral home of Liang Ke's family. There are different opinions among local historians on the issue of location. There are Jinjiang theory and Nan'an theory. The specific area referred to by Jinjiang theory is Shihu, Shijiang, Shishi City today (Hongjiang belonged to Jinjiang County in ancient times. "Biography of Jinjiang Historical Figures", "Quannan") "Notes on Anecdotes" and others all hold this theory), Jinjiang City (in ancient Jinjiang County), and Quanzhou City (Kuchinjiang County and Quanzhou County).
But there is no controversy about the fact that Kuixingtang, the reading place of Liang Ke’s family, is located in Shihu, Jijiang.
"Book of Fujian·Volume 7·Fangyu Zhi": "Jinchai Mountain, the place name is Shihu, also known as Sun Lake, where the sun comes from. The old Wuyu Water Village is now moved here. There are two east and west sides The mountain stretches as wide as two hairpins. There is a stone pagoda in its recess, named Liusheng. In the early days of Zhenghe in the Song Dynasty, monks Zuhui, Zongshi and others named it Mingzhou Yuwang Mountain, which is so magnificent. There is also a tower at Kaiyuan Temple in Jiacheng. There was a hall named Kuixing under the study tower of Liang Wenjing (Liang Kejia) in the Song Dynasty, which was abandoned for a long time. During the Wanli Dynasty (Ming Dynasty) (1573-1620), Zang Jing, the commander of the village, built a new one..." ("Quanzhou"). Historical Relics·Liu Sheng Pagoda")
Due to the wars of several dynasties, the Kuixing Hall on Jinchai Mountain in Shihu, Beijiang has long since disappeared, and the specific location of its ruins cannot be determined.
In his youth, Liang Ke’s family studied at Quanzhou Academy. After Liang Ke's family traveled to Guangdong to study, the Sun family in Jinggang, Yuhu, Jieyang County, Chaozhou, Guangdong, became a "guest" (teacher). Today, there are still "Enxiang Temple" and "Menglong Dizhao" in Jinggang.
Liang Kejiasu had a good relationship with Zhu Xi ("List of Quanzhou People·Zhu Xi"). From July of the 23rd year of Shaoxing (1153) to July of the 26th year of Shaoxing (1156), Zhu Xi was appointed to Tong'an County. While in charge of the book, Zhu Xi traveled to Chaozhou at the invitation of Liang Ke's family. During the Qingyuan period (1195-1200), Zhu Xi also wrote a special "Preface to the Yinxiang Hall" (Guangdong Wenbo, 1987) for the Sun family study.
In the twenty-eighth year of Shaoxing (1158), the plum blossoms were in full bloom in Zhidongzhai, Jieyang County. Liang Kejia composed a poem with extraordinary artistic conception and great ambition. The poem goes:
"When the old chrysanthemums and parasol trees are covered with frost in September, who will be the first to warm them into the east hall?
Not because creation is generous to people, but they are willing to put plum branches to make them fragrant.
The nine cauldrons are waiting for the tune, and the flowers are shy and dare to express their fragrance.
It seems that the ice and jade complement each other, so that the dragon sings the music."
Twenty-nine years in Shaoxing. (1159), Liang Kejia returned to Quanzhou from Jieyang to participate in the Fujian Provincial Examination and won Jieyuan. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" records:
"In the 30th year of Shaoxing (1160), he ranked first in the court examination and was awarded Pingjiang Signing (the administrative seat is now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province).
At that time, the gold lord Liang died (in the 31st year of Shaoxing, the gold lord Wanyan Liang led his troops to invade the south and was defeated by the Song army in Caishi [now northwest of Dangtu County, Anhui]. Wanyan Liang was killed by his subordinates on the way to retreat. The governor of the Jin Dynasty sent people to Zhenjiang to negotiate peace with the Southern Song Dynasty court, and the Jin troops in Huainan retreated north.) Everyone said they could take advantage of the opportunity to advance. The Ke family sent a letter to Chen Junqing (Minister of the Ministry of War), saying: "Although the enemy has retreated, our military strength has not been strengthened. If you act according to your ability, you will regret it. 'Junqing returned to Prime Minister Chen Kangbo and lamented his foresight. "Qian's "Song History·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" contains:
" (The first year of Longxing [1163]. After Xiaozong came to the throne, he was recommended by Chen Junqing to be the secretary of the provincial government, and moved to Zuolang.
The six things to control the family: one is to correct the mind, the other is to establish discipline, the third is to save the customs, and the fourth is to respect the authority. Handle, the five factors are the calculation of the temple, and the six factors are the calculation of the people's hearts. It is said that there are no more than three things to discuss today, namely generals, soldiers, and wealth. " "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" contains: < /p>
"He moved to Zhongshushe.
(At the beginning of Qiandao [1165-1173]), Jin was the first Jinshi in China and North Korea. He treated him with respect and held a banquet in the hall. , dozens of shots were fired in a row.
There was a thunderstorm in the suburbs, and the Ke family returned to six things. ""Song History·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" contains:
"(Qiandao). In the third year (1167), he moved to Shizhong. If he encounters difficulties in the past three years, he will always report to Wuyin. However, if empty words are used as punishment, the road to admonition and struggle will be blocked. I hope someone can enlighten them. The pen will award the edict."
He paid homage to the bachelor of Duan Ming Palace to sign a letter to the Privy Council, and he participated in political affairs and knew the affairs of the Privy Council
"Song History·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" contains:
"In February of the fifth year of Qiandao (1169), he paid homage to the bachelor of Duanming Palace and signed a letter to the Privy Council.
On the 18th of the leap month of the sixth year of Qiandao (1170), Lu You brought His family of ten entered Shu from Shanyin and arrived in Lin'an on the 20th. In Lin'an, he met with Liang Ke's family and wrote a poem titled "Go to Liang to Participate in Politics", expressing his intention to join the army.
< p> "A tree grows without roots, a man of lofty ideals cherishes the waves and dies. How can a cock's crow predict anyone?" Get up in the evening while pushing the pillow.You are nothing special at all. Your waist is bent, your temples are flowing into silk, and you are filled with tears of sadness.
I walked through the Baxia Gorge in my remaining years, working hard to fight for rice. I rushed far away from the heat of the three-day period, and pointed to the September water in front.
Looking back at Chang'an City, I couldn't bear it anymore and traveled thousands of miles. I knelt down to the east mansion with poems on my sleeves, and prayed again.
It’s easy to live a life full of success, and your reputation will only stain the yellow paper; but if you worry about dying in obscurity, your achievements will not be recorded in history.
I have heard that the Xiongnu were in chaos, and God’s will was to destroy the snake and the pig. When did he prostitute Master Yao and bring shame on the Wei Bridge?
Every scholar strives to do his best, and it is not appropriate for Confucian scholars to be contemptuous. They are covered with felt and grass military writings, and they are not afraid of the cold and falling fingers. ”
Also knew the affairs of the Privy Council (assisted Prime Minister Yu Yunwen in governing).
(After the "Longxing Peace Conference") He first repaired Jinhao, captured Jinsuo, and started quarrels It's not over yet. The Ke family asked to build the city of Chuzhou (now Huai'an, Jiangsu Province), and surround the boat with troops.
I don't agree with Yu Yunwen on whether they can help each other.
When the crown prince was first established, the Ke family requested officials to appoint officials and add lecturers, so Wang Shipeng ("List of Quanzhou People·Wang Shipeng") and Chen Lianghan were appointed as Zhan Shi, and they were known both at home and abroad.
Yun Wenzhu recovered (Central Plains), many courtiers catered to him, and the Ke family secretly admonished him. However, the number was not consistent, so he begged to go.
The emperor said: "Is the army useless?" Finance comes first, but now that we have insufficient funds, why should we gather things together? 'I will think about it,' the superior said. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" records:
"In the eighth year (the eighth year of Qiandao, 1172), the imperial edict appointed Pushe as the left and right prime ministers, (and appointed Yu Yunwen as the left prime minister and the privy envoy) , Recommended by Yu Yunwen) The Baike family was the Prime Minister and Privy Envoy in the Song Dynasty.
The prime minister system in the Song Dynasty generally changed five times.
The first one was Shenzong in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Before the Feng Dynasty, it was no different in name from the Tang Dynasty, but in fact it was very different. The main difference was that in the Song Dynasty, the Secretary, the Privy Council, and the Third Division were in charge of the three major affairs of government, military, and finance. The powers of the prime minister, the privy envoys, and the three envoys are equal, and they are not unified. Since the power of the prime minister has been divided, and the political affairs are restrained, each other has weak power, but the imperial power is not. This was strengthened. Another change was that the three-province system in the central organization had entered a stage of decline and desolation, which was the precursor to the demise of the three-province system.
The second time was Shenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty. The official reform that began in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082) was known as the "Yuanfeng Reform" in history. Zhongshu Menxia was abolished and the three-province system of the early Tang Dynasty was restored. These three official positions were only fictitious and were never awarded to people. They also imitated the Tang Dynasty system and used Shangshu Zuopushe and Youpushe to act as Shangshu Province; Shangshu Youpushe was also the Minister of Zhongshu to act as Zhongshu Ling. Prime Minister. The title of Minister of Political Affairs was cancelled, and four deputy prime ministers were added, namely Menxia Shilang, Zhongshu Shilang, Shangshu Zuocheng, and Shangshu Youcheng.
The third time was during the Zhenghe period of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty. (1111-1118), Cai Jing was appointed prime minister and called himself "Taishi". He was in charge of the affairs of the three provinces of Menxia, ??Zhongshu and Shangshu. He changed the left and right servants of Shangshu to "Daizai" and "Shaozai", and the Dazai served as both minister and minister. During the reign of Qinzong Jingkang, Dazai and Shaozai were abolished and replaced by Zuopushe and Youpushe of Shangshu.
The fourth time was Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty. In the third year of Jianyan (1129), Zuo Pushe and You Pushe, who were both under the same title as Zhongshu, were appointed as the prime ministers. They also changed the ministers and ministers to participate in political affairs and abolished the deputy prime ministers. The official titles of Zuo Cheng and You Cheng were generally restored to the system of the early Song Dynasty.
The fifth time was in the eighth year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty (1172). The left and right servants were changed to the left and right prime ministers, and they continued to participate in political affairs as usual. Eliminate the false titles of Zhongshu Ling, Shizhong, and Shangshu Ling. Menxia was merged into Zhongshu and was called Zhongshu Menxia. The left and right prime ministers are in charge of the affairs of the central government and are also the heads of the Shangshu Province. The six departments are directly subordinate to the prime ministers. The system of the Shangshu Province has been abolished invisibly. In fact, the three provinces are integrated into one. From then on, the left and right prime ministers became the highest chief executives in the country, and the Shangshu Province only controlled six ministries and was ordered to carry out government affairs. At that time, ministers Yu Yunwen and Liang Kejia were the first left and right prime ministers and concurrently served as privy envoys.
The appointment of Yu Yunwen, who advocated the war against Jin, and Liang Kejia, who firmly opposed the use of troops, as left and right prime ministers, is a historical event worth studying.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, the expression of "different opinions and conflicts" turned into war and war. In the Gaozong Dynasty, its influence was not great, but in the Xiaozong Dynasty, it took shape.
After the failure of Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition, Xiaozong appointed the prime ministers, one leader and one leader, with Tang Situi, who was in charge of peace, as the prime minister on the left, and Zhang Jun, who was in charge of the war, as the prime minister on the right. Taking power, they took the opportunity to wreak havoc on the Jianghuai defense line that Zhang Jun had worked so hard to manage, and finally forced Xiaozong to humiliate himself and sue for peace.
During the Qiandao period, Xiaozong planned another northern expedition. He first appointed Ye Yong as the left prime minister and Wei Qi as the right prime minister. The former always advocated restoration, while the latter always opposed the war and advocated peace. A year later, Xiaozong felt that they had different opinions and it was difficult to achieve anything, so he gave up their relationship.
However, Xiaozong did not change the method of appointing one lord and one lord to fight as the prime minister. In the eighth year of Qiandao (1172), while he appointed Yu Yunwen, who was leading the battle, as the Prime Minister of the Left, he also promoted Liang Kejia, who was firmly opposed to the use of troops (the Liang Ke family was prudent in doing things, and some people called it the "moderate faction against the Jin Dynasty") to the Prime Minister of the Right. As a result, Yu Yunwen was worried and reluctant to send troops from Sichuan until Yu Yunwen died in depression.
This situation continued after Xiaozong. Later, during the Kaixi Northern Expedition chaired by Han Yuanzhou, there was also such a controversy. The consequence was the emergence of Shi Miyuan, the supreme power minister, and the imminent demise of the Southern Song Dynasty.
One day, the superior said to the prime minister: "As we approach the Deoksugung Palace, the Queen's care is getting better and better. Her face is filled with joy. I am overjoyed to retire."
’ Kejia reported: ‘Yao thought he was worried before he won Shun, but now that he has won Shun, he should be very happy. ’ Yun Wenzou: ‘Yao is the only one who can live longer than the five emperors. ’ He said: ‘Yes. ’
After Yunwen was dismissed as prime minister, the Ke family took charge of the government alone. Although he was a close relative, he had a lot of power and used it to make peace with others.
In the ninth year of Qiandao (1173), the Liang Ke family recommended Zhu Xi.
"Song History·Volume 429·Biography 188·Daoxue 3·Zhu Xi" records:
"In the third year of Qian Dao (Qian Dao), Chen Junqing and Liu Gongjian (Zhu Xi) compiled it for the Privy Council In the fifth year, Ding was in trouble. In the sixth year, Hu Quan, the minister of the Ministry of Industry, was summoned together with Wang Tinggui. After seven years of mourning, he was summoned again, but his salary was not enough to support him. .
In the ninth year of his reign (1173), Liang Ke’s family announced his previous order, and Zhu Xi resigned. "Xi An is poor and loyal, and his integrity is commendable." He was transferred to the official position and was in charge of Taizhou Chongdao Temple. /p>
Zhang Shuo entered the Privy Council (Zhang said he knew that the cabinet affairs were transferred to the Privy Council and signed a letter to the Privy Council), but he refused to agree with the public discussion (Taiwan admonishment officer Wang Xilu and others submitted articles of impeachment), died, and was reinstated by Russia (later Zhang Shuobu and the Privy Council all accepted the decree). A scholar who says he is angry does not attach himself to himself, but seeks to slander him. He tries his best to protect his family and relies on his kindness. "
Zhang Shuo is a relative, but the relationship between Liang Ke's family and Zhang Shuo is very subtle. On the one hand, "At that time, Zhang Shuo, a foreign relative, was involved in affairs, and Prime Minister Yu Yunwen and Liang Ke's family were all attached to him" ("Song History·Volume 434" ·Biography 193·Cai Youxue"); on the other hand, as mentioned above, "the angry scholar does not attach himself to himself, and seeks to harm him, but the Ke family does his best to protect him, and the good people rely on him."
This is what Liang Ke's family does. This attitude aroused the dissatisfaction of some scholar-officials such as Cai Youxue. According to "History of the Song Dynasty·Volume 434·Biography 193·Cai Youxue", Cai Youxue sharply proposed to Xiaozong: "Your Majesty is ashamed of the incorrect name and appearance. Going forward together, I think it's a good talk. However, they may deceive listeners with false reputations and promise to make meritorious deeds; or they may remain silent and unable to maintain integrity. "Gai refers to Yu Yunwen and Liang Ke's family. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Ke's Family" contains:
"The envoy of Jin Dynasty came to court to discuss the ceremony of handing out books. At that time, he wanted to move the text to the situation to correct the etiquette, but the Ke family disagreed. , so he asked to go and learn about Jianning Prefecture (the seat of governance is now Jianou County, Fujian Province) as a scholar from Guanwen Palace.
Your Majesty's speech asked the superior about the effectiveness of the treatment, but the Ke family advised the superior not to seek miraculous results.
The soldiers from the three provinces and the Secret Academy moved to Sizhou. The enemy refused to comply and sent envoys to the court, which shocked the whole court.
In the next two years, Tang Bangyan was demoted as an envoy, and the country became more loyal to the family and the country. "
Promoted to Lin'an Prefecture Dongxiao Palace as a bachelor of Guanwen Palace
In the fifth year of Chunxi (1178), Liang Ke's family lost his mother and returned to Quanzhou to maintain the system. Someone impeached him. When he was in power, he changed the official position of the hall without authorization, so he was dismissed. He was promoted to Dongxiao Palace of Lin'an Prefecture as a bachelor of Guanwen Palace. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" records:
"Chunxi Eighth." In 1181, he became aware of Fuzhou and made great achievements in the town.
Zhao Xiongzou wanted to be re-elected, but he still knew Fuzhou. Summon the envoys from Liquan. "
Worship the right prime minister and be granted the title of Duke of Yi
"Song History·Biography 143·Liang Kejia" contains: "In September of the ninth year (Chunxi ninth year, 1182), worship The right prime minister is granted the title of Duke of Yi. Sickness after more than one month. "
In the same year, the first local chronicle of Fuzhou, "Sanshan Chronicles", was compiled in 40 volumes. ("Quannan Shu·Sanshan Chronicles") June 14th (7) in the 14th year of Chunxi (1187) Liang Kejia passed away at the age of sixty. Xiaozong shed tears after reading it and gave him the posthumous title of "Wen Jing".
"Song History·Biography 143". "Liang Kejia" records: "In June of the 14th year of Chunxi (1187), he died (died in the capital) at the age of sixty. The memorial was written in handwriting, and the superior shed tears for it, and presented it to the young master, with the posthumous title Wenjing.
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