First, the guiding ideology of modern poetry teaching design
1. Poetry teaching is the carrier to improve students' aesthetic feelings.
The ancients said that "poetry expresses ambition, and songs express ambition", which means that poetry is the product of people expressing their feelings. Poetry originates from emotion and ends in emotion, and only when there is emotion can there be poetry. Therefore, people should understand poetry and pour their own unique feelings. Starting from the theory of existentialism, poetry teaching pays special attention to students' experience and sentiment. It is a pleasant thing to stimulate students' learning initiative and let them read, think and get their feelings from their own experiences and feelings.
2. Poetry teaching is the carrier to improve students' comprehensive art.
Poetry itself can be recited and sung. Therefore, poetry teaching can be supplemented by music. If students are allowed to talk to poets while listening to music in class, their thinking will be active and their feelings will be invested. Poetry teaching can be supplemented by painting. For example, Wang Wei, a poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, was evaluated as "painting in poetry" and "poetry in painting". Therefore, we can also arrange students to express the content of poetry in the form of painting in class or after class, which is also extremely meaningful and interesting. From the theory of multiple intelligences, it is of great benefit to stimulate and cultivate students' potential in all aspects.
3. Poetry teaching is the carrier to improve students' learning structure.
The new curriculum standard defines three-dimensional teaching objectives, namely knowledge and ability, process and method, emotion, attitude and values. Poetry teaching must be carried out according to the teaching objectives. According to the constructivism theory, when designing homesickness teaching, teachers must determine the teaching objectives, teaching priorities, teaching difficulties and so on. We should also choose teaching methods according to the teaching content. I think there are roughly three methods to choose from: one is reading teaching method, the other is situational teaching method, and the third is comparative teaching method. Each teaching method has its own emphasis. Reading teaching starts with the taste of language and focuses on the overall perception. Situational teaching starts with stimulating imagination and focuses on emotional cultivation. Comparative teaching starts with the analysis of similarities and differences, focusing on poetry appreciation. Of course, the three methods can be combined selectively, which depends on the teacher's ingenuity.
Second,' Homesickness' comparative teaching examples
1, self-comparison: can guide students to find out the words, words and sentences in the same position in the poem and make a classification analysis. Use the phrase "beauty lies" to show the analysis results. Then it concludes that "stamps, tickets, graves and straits" are the image beauty of choice, the refrain of "small, narrow, short and shallow" and the refrain of "homesickness is ……" reflect the beauty of music, and "this end, that end, outside and inside" and similar paragraphs are full of rhythmic beauty, all of which are neat and beautiful. The quantifiers "Mei, Zhang, Fang, Wan" and "When I was a child, when I grew up, later and now" are full of the beauty of change.
2. Comparison of the same kind: guide students to compare the similarities and differences between the two poems from the aspects of emotion, structure, language, image, artistic conception, implication and writing style, and then make a summary.
First of all, from the image of poetry, Yu Guangzhong's homesickness chose four typical images to express his feelings-"stamp", "boat ticket", "grave" and "strait". Different images echo the objects of concern one by one. In this way, the poet conveyed gradually dignified feelings, and gradually revealed the far-reaching artistic conception calling for China's reunification. The images in Xi Murong's Homesickness are "a flute in Qingyuan" and "a tree without rings". The poet expressed his endless yearning for his hometown through the mournful flute, and expressed his homesickness complex through A Tree Without Rings. The longer you leave, the longer the homesickness tree will be. Both poems use multiple images to express homesickness, and express the disappointment and endless thoughts after parting to the fullest.
Secondly, the two poems have their own merits in form. Yu Guangzhong's poems are neat in form and have architectural beauty. The whole poem consists of four sections, each with the same structure, the same number of words and the same form, which makes the whole sentence neat, compact and harmonious. The opening "When I was a child, homesickness was a small stamp, I was here, and my mother was there" set a pattern in form, and the sentence patterns in the next three paragraphs were the same, thus forming a repetitive form. There is also a fixed format in syllable and rhythm, which really has the beauty of tonality and harmony. Xi Murong's Homesickness is not as neat and symmetrical as Yu's poems, but it also has a special taste. The first section consists of only two sentences, with the same number of words, neat form and coherent content. The first sentence of the second paragraph is longer, and the middle sentence of the third sentence is longer. The whole poem is uneven and patchy, avoiding rigid and unified sentence patterns.
Third, language style also has its own characteristics. The language of Yu Shi's poems is simple, full of life, completely colloquial, and often uses reduplicated words, which makes people feel cordial and gives people a fresh and natural sense of pleasure. The whole poem is like a weather-beaten old man telling a homesick story of Kan Kan. Growing up, I grew homesick. Stone pays more attention to language. The flute of Qingyuan and the vague disappointment are elegant and poetic, with dictionaries. Even ordinary expressions have been poeticized by poets. "Trees without rings" and "Night with the Moon" are all witticisms extracted from everyday language, which are refreshing and give people a "feeling of deja vu but not being there".