William Shakespeare (British dramatist and poet during the Renaissance).
William Shakespeare (English: William Shakespeare, April 23, 1564 - April 23, 1616), often respectfully called Shakespeare in the Chinese community, is the most outstanding dramatist in the history of British literature and the One of the most important and greatest writers of the European Renaissance, the master of humanistic literature at that time, and one of the most outstanding writers in the world.
Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway. The two had three children together: Susanna and the twins Hamnet. and Judith. Shakespeare began a successful career in London for more than 20 years from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century. He was not only an actor, playwright, but also a partner of the Lord Chamberlain's Company, which was later renamed the King's Company. Around 1613, Shakespeare retired to Stratford-upon-Avon and died three years later.
1590 to 1600 was the golden age of Shakespeare's creation. His early plays, mainly comedies and historical dramas, reached their peak of depth and artistry in the late 16th century. From 1601 to 1608, he mainly wrote tragedies. Shakespeare advocated noble sentiments and often described sacrifice and revenge, including "Othello", "Hamlet", "King Lear" and "Macbeth", which are considered among the best examples in the English language. . Towards the end of his life, he began to write tragicomedies, also known as romance plays.
Shakespeare’s surviving works include 37 plays, 154 sonnets, and two long narrative poems. His plays have been translated into every major language and have been performed far more often than those of any other dramatist.
Extended information:
Biography of the character
Boyhood
William Shakespeare was born on the banks of the Avon River in Warwick County, central England A wealthy citizen family in Stratford, baptized on April 26, 1564. His father, John Shakespeare, was a grocer operating wool, leather manufacturing and grain businesses. He took over as the town civil officer in 1565 and was elected mayor three years later.
When Shakespeare was 7 years old, he was sent to a local grammar school, where he studied for six years and mastered the basic skills and rich knowledge of writing. In addition, he also studied Latin and Greek. Because his father went bankrupt, he failed to graduate and embarked on the path of making a living on his own.
In 1577, he was picked up from school by his father and had no choice but to help his father in business for a period of time. He worked as a butcher's apprentice, taught in a rural school, and worked in various other occupations, which gave him a lot of social experience.
Shakespeare was extraordinary and different when he was studying. Rumor had it that he had been poaching on the land of Thomas Lucy, a wealthy tycoon and magistrate, and was discovered by Lucy's steward, for whom he was beaten. Out of revenge, he wrote a limerick that satirized the rich man. It didn't take long for the poem to spread throughout the countryside. Wherever the rich man went, someone would laugh at him with this limerick. Thomas Squire was very angry and wanted to punish Shakespeare. Shakespeare was forced to leave the town of Stratford and seek refuge in London.
Theater career
While Shakespeare was still living in the small town of Stratford, he was already very familiar with theatrical performances. There are often traveling theater groups that perform in the town of Stratford.
In 1582, he married Anne Hathaway, a farmer's daughter, and had a son, Hamnet Shakespeare, in 1585. He arrived in London in 1586 or 1587, when drama was rapidly gaining popularity. He first worked as a groom and a handyman in the theater, then joined the theater troupe, worked as an actor, director, screenwriter, and eventually became a theater shareholder.
He began writing around 1588. He first adapted the plays of his predecessors and soon began to create independently. By the end of 1590, Shakespeare had become an actor and playwright in one of London's top theater companies, the Lord Chamberlain's Company run by James Burbage. Later, Shakespeare proved to others that he was a down-to-earth man of good character. He became a shareholder of the theater company and quickly won the respect and love of his colleagues.
From 1594 onwards, the troupe he belonged to was protected by the palace ministers and was called the "Chamberlain's Troupe". After James I came to the throne, he also cared about it and renamed it the "King's Enshrined Theater". Therefore, in addition to regular touring performances, the theater often performed in the court. The plays written by Shakespeare became famous in all walks of life.
In 1596, he applied for the title of "gentleman" and the right to own a coat of arms in his father's name, and purchased considerable real estate three times. In 1597, Shakespeare returned to his hometown to buy real estate and spend the last days of his life. Although he received a good basic education, he never went to college.
Master of Plays
In 1598, university scholar F. Mills listed Shakespeare's plays before he was 35 years old in his "Treasure House of Wisdom" and praised his comedies and tragedies. They are all "unparalleled" and can be regarded as the first-class dramatic poets in ancient times. The success of his writing earned Shakespeare the favor of Lord Southampton, who became his protector.
Shakespeare once dedicated his two long poems "Venus and Adonis" and "The Humiliation of Lucrece" to the Lord, and also wrote some sonnets for the Lord. With the help of the Lord's relationship, Shakespeare entered the cultural salon of the nobles, which gave him the opportunity to observe and understand the upper class society, expanded his life horizons, and provided a rich source for his future creations.
In 1599, Shakespeare attended the famous Globe Theater in London and became a shareholder and actor. Shakespeare grew wealthy and secured the title of hereditary peerage for his family. In 1612 he returned home as a wealthy gentleman. ?
In 1603, when James I succeeded to the throne, Shakespeare's troupe was renamed the "King's Theater Company". He and the actors in the troupe were appointed as royal attendants and often performed at the court. The theater world at that time was dominated by "university talents" with Oxford and Cambridge backgrounds. A famous playwright once wrote an article in a contemptuous tone to ridicule Shakespeare, a "vulgar commoner" and "nouveau riche crow" for daring to A comparison with "noble genius". But Shakespeare later won the support and love of a wide audience, including college student groups. Students once performed some of Shakespeare's plays, such as "Hamlet" and "The Comedy of Errors" in their spare time at school.
Died in later years
Shakespeare lived in London for more than twenty years, during which time his wife remained in Stratford. Nearing the age of destiny, he retired and returned to his native Stratford.
Shakespeare unfortunately died on his 52nd birthday in 1616 and was buried in Holy Trinity Church. Before his death he left a will. It is said that the more reliable portraits are the bust in the church and the portrait of Droshot, and the handwriting has 6 signatures and three pages of the manuscript of the play "Sir Thomas More".
Creative artistic characteristics
Adhere to the principle of realism creation and believe that drama is a mirror that reflects life.
Pursue natural acting theory and believe that acting should be realistic and avoid going too far.
The plot is vivid and rich. There are often several intertwined and complex clues in a play, combining tragic and comic elements.
Created a series of artistic images with distinctive personalities. Such as Hamlet and Falstaff.
The characters’ language is personalized, such as Hamlet’s words are philosophical and poetic, the royal minister Polonius’s language is artificial, and Iago’s language is full of obscenities. According to computer statistics, Shakespeare created 29,066 words.
Classic Quotes
Things base and vile, holding no quantity, love can transpose to form and dignity: love looks not with the eyes, but with mind. (A Midsummer Night's Dream 1.1 )
Despicableness and bad deeds are not counted in the eyes of love, they can be transformed into happiness and solemnity: Love is not judged by the eyes, but by the heart/Love is not judged by the eyes, but by the heart . ——"A Midsummer Night's Dream"
The course of true love never did run smooth. (A Midsummer Night’s Dream 1.1)
There is no smooth road to true love. ——"A Midsummer Night's Dream"
Lord, what fools these mortals be! (A Midsummer Night’s Dream 3.2)
Lord, what fools these mortals be! ——"A Midsummer Night's Dream"
The lunatic, the lover and the poet are of imagination all compact. (A Midsummer Night's Dream 5.1)
The lunatic, the lover and the poet are all compact. Imaginary birth. ——"A Midsummer Night's Dream"
Since the little wit that fools have was silent, the little foolery that wise men have makes a great show. (As You Like It, 1.2)
Since the little cleverness of fools has been silenced, the little foolishness of smart people has become more eye-catching.
——"As You Like It"
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