1. High school examination questions on Lu Xun’s literary knowledge
Lu Xun’s general knowledge on literature high school examination questions 1. Lu Xun’s literary knowledge
Introduction to Lu Xun
Lu Xun ( 1881.9.25-1936.10.19), whose original name was Zhou Shuren and whose courtesy name was Yushan, later changed to Hecai. He was a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionist in modern my country; one of the top ten literary giants in the world. Later, when he published his first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary", he officially used the pen name - Lu Xun. Known as a banner of modern literature. His works are mainly novels and essays. His representative works include: the novel collection "Scream" and "Wandering", the essay collection "Morning Flowers Picked Up at Dusk" (originally called "Revisiting Old Things"), the poetry collection "Weeds", the essay collection " Hot Wind", "Huagai Collection", "Huagai Sequel", "Nanqianbei Diao Collection", "Sanxian Collection", "Two Hearts Collection", "Just Collection", "Grave", etc.
Dozens of Lu Xun’s novels, prose, poetry, and essays have been selected into Chinese textbooks and primary school Chinese textbooks, and have become well-known artistic novels such as "Blessings" and "The True Story of Ah Q". ” and “Medicine” have been adapted into movies. Lu Xun museums and memorial halls have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places. At the same time, his works have been translated into more than 50 languages ??including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French and German, and have a large number of readers around the world.
Lu Xun used his pen instead of fighting, wrote hard and wrote hard, and fought all his life. He was known as the "soul of the nation". *** Evaluate him as the leader of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. "With cold brows and cold eyes, he bows his head and is willing to be a bully" is a portrayal of Mr. Lu Xun's life.
2. Literary knowledge about Lu Xun
Lu Xun (1881~1936) was a Chinese writer, thinker, revolutionary and educator.
The father of modern Chinese literature. He was born on the third day of August in the seventh year of Guangxu (September 25, 1881) in Dongchangfangkou, Huiji County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province (now Shaoxing City).
His original name was Zhou Zhangshou, with the courtesy names of Yushan, Yuting and Yucai. In addition to Lu Xun, his pen names include Deng Jiang, Tang Qi, Deng Dangshi, Xiaojiao, etc.
Born in a declining feudal family. In his youth, he was influenced by the theory of evolution and Tolstoy's thoughts of philanthropy.
The name was changed to Zhou Shuren in 1898. In 1902, he went to Japan to study. He originally studied medicine at Sendai Medical College and later engaged in literary and artistic work, hoping to change the national spirit.
From 1905 to 1907, he participated in the activities of the revolutionary party and published papers such as "On the Power of Moro Poetry" and "On Cultural Partiality". During this period, he returned to China and married his wife Zhu An at the order of his mother.
In 1909, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he co-translated "Collection of Foreign Novels" to introduce foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing.
In 1918, he published the vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" under the pen name "Lu Xun". Before that, he was a doctor, but he became a writer because of the war.
Lu Xun was a person who "loved books as much as his life" throughout his life. In 1927, he married Ms. Xu Guangping and gave birth to a boy named Zhou Haiying.
Died of illness in Shanghai on October 19, 1936. His works are included in "The Complete Works of Lu Xun".
His works and "Collected Letters of Lu Xun", and reprinted various ancient books compiled by Lu Xun. In 1981, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (sixteen volumes) was published.
In 2005, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (eighteen volumes) was published. Lu Xun museums and memorial halls have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places.
Dozens of Lu Xun’s novels, essays, poems, and essays have been selected into Chinese textbooks for middle schools and primary schools. The novels "Blessing", "The True Story of Ah Q", and "Medicine" have been adapted into movies.
Lu Xun's works have been translated into more than 50 languages ??including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French, German, ***, etc., and have a large number of readers around the world.
3. Literary common sense about Lu Xun
Lu Xun (1881.9.25-1936.10.19) is a famous modern thinker, writer, and revolutionary.
His original name was Zhou Zhangshou, but he later changed his name to Zhou Shuren, with the alias Yushan and Hencai. In 1918, he officially used the pen name Lu Xun when he published the first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary" in the history of modern Chinese literature. Known as a banner of modern literature.
Laid the cornerstone of the new literary movement. His works are mainly novels and essays. His representative works include: the novel collection "Scream", "Wandering", "New Stories", etc., the essay collection "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk" (originally called "Revisiting Old Things"), the prose poetry collection "Weeds" ", the collection of essays "Refeng", "Huagai Collection", "Sanxian Collection", "Erxin Collection", "Jiji Collection", "Second Collection of Qiejieting Essays", "The Final Collection of Qiejieting Essays", "Nanqiangbeidiao" "Collection"; "Collection of essays "Grave", vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman", etc.
4. Literary common sense that must be tested in the high school entrance examination
The literary knowledge that needs to be mastered in the high school entrance examination mainly includes common sense of novels, prose, poetry, drama, and important writers and works covered in basic texts.
In real life, the reading and appreciation of novels, essays and other literary styles are particularly important, so mastering the literary knowledge of several genres is the basis for deciding to read. 1. Knowledge of novels, prose, poetry, and drama. The three elements of novels are typical characters, complete storylines, and specific environments.
The description techniques used to create characters include portrait description, psychological description, action description, language description, and detailed description. The plot of the novel includes beginning, development, ending and ending.
The environment of the novel includes social environment and natural environment. Prose can be divided into narrative prose and lyrical prose.
The characteristic of prose is that "the form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered". When reading prose, pay attention to grasping the clues of the article.
The knowledge of the above genres should be based on the knowledge essay appendix in the textbook. ("Talk about novels", "Talk about prose", "How to read poetry}, "Talk about drama literature") 2. Knowledge of the works of important writers. This knowledge should be mainly based on the content of textbook annotations. Important writers can be based on their works and achievements. Appropriate expansion.
Memorize the author’s name, official position, trade name, nationality, representative works, etc. of the text by heart. The specific writing method should be based on the textbook.
During review, this type of knowledge can be reviewed in a list.
5. General knowledge about Chinese literature in the High School Entrance Examination
Summary of general knowledge about Chinese literature in the High School Entrance Examination 1. Tao Yuanming:, named Yuanliang, nicknamed Mr. Wuliu, changed his name to Qian in his later years, and was from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
"The Story of Peach Blossom Spring" and "Drinking" 2. Wang Wei: courtesy name Mojie, he was a very famous poet in the poetry world of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was known as Wang Youcheng because he was the minister Youcheng. "Envoy to the Fortress" 3. Li Bai: (701 AD - 762 AD), named Taibai and Qinglian Jushi.
Li Bai is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in my country. He is another great romantic poet after Qu Yuan in the history of Chinese literature. He is known as the "Immortal of Poetry". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Li Du".
"I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and sent this message to Longbiaoyuan" 4. Du Fu: (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, who called himself Shaoling Yelao, was a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and was known as the "Sage of Poetry". During the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, official Zuo collected the artifacts.
After he entered Shu, his friend Yan Wu recommended him to be a staff officer of Jiannan Jiedu Mansion and a member of the school's Ministry of Industry. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.
"Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" 5. Bai Juyi: (772--846), whose courtesy name was Letian and his nickname was Xiangshan Jushi. In his later years, when he became the Crown Prince Shaofu, he was given the posthumous title "Wen" and was known as Bai Fu and Bai Wengong in the world.
Actively advocated the New Yuefu Movement in literature, advocating that articles should be written according to the times and poems should be written according to the events. He wrote many poems that lamented the times and reflected the people's sufferings, which had a great influence on later generations. . He is a very important poet in the history of Chinese literature.
"Spring Tour at Qiantang Lake". 6. Liu Yuxi: Zi Mengde, a poet and philosopher in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He advocated political innovation and was one of the central figures in the political innovation activities of the Wang Shuwen School.
"Inscription on the Humble Room" "Rewarding Lotte with Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" 7. Liu Zongyuan: a writer and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". The character is thick.
It is known as Liuhedong in the world. Because he died as the governor of Liuzhou, he was also called Liuliuzhou.
Together with Han Yu, he initiated the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty and was also known as Han Liu. "The Story of Xiaoshitan" 8. Fan Zhongyan: courtesy name Xiwen, was a famous politician and commander-in-chief in the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as an outstanding litterateur and educator.
"Yueyang Tower", Fan Zhongyan's "The Proud Fisherman. Autumn Thoughts" 9. Ouyang Xiu: politician and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties".
His courtesy name is Uncle Yong, his nickname is Drunkard, and his later nickname is Liuyi Jushi. "The Drunkard's Pavilion" 10. Wang Anshi: courtesy name Jiefu, late name Banshan, granted the title Duke of Jing, also known as Wang Jinggong.
An outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties".
"Injury to Zhongyong" 11. Su Shi: Zizhan, Hezhong, also known as "Dongpo Jushi", was a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty). He, his father Su Xun, and his younger brother Su Zhe are both famous for their literature, and they are known as the "Three Sus" in the world; they are as famous as the "Three Cao Fathers and Sons" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, and Cao Zhi) in the late Han Dynasty.
Su Shi, together with Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Che, Wang Anshi and Zeng Gong of the Song Dynasty, are collectively known as the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, they are known as the calligraphers who best represent the achievements of calligraphy in the Song Dynasty, and are collectively known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty".
"Jiang Chengzi." "Hunting in Michigan".
12. Xin Qiji: (1140-1207), poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is You'an and his nickname is Jiaxuan. He is the author of "Jiaxuan's Long and Short Sentences" and "Broken Array" (Watching a Sword while Drunk with a Lamplight on).
13. Ma Zhiyuan: A famous dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty. A native of Dadu (now Beijing).
Ma Zhiyuan is famous for his writing and has an ominous name. It was later named "Dongli" to emulate Tao Yuanming's ambition.
He is later than Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. "Autumn Thoughts on Tianjing Sha" 14. Wu Jingzi: (1701-1754), courtesy name Minxuan, nickname Limin, a native of Quanjiao, Anhui in the Qing Dynasty.
In his later years, he called himself Old Man Wenmu and wrote fifty-five chapters of "The Scholars". "Fan Jin passed the exam" 15. Lu Xun: a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
A great modern Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Zhangshou, but he later changed his name to Zhou Shuren, with the courtesy name Zhangshou and the nickname Yucai; "Lu Xun" was a pen name he used after joining the May 4th May 4th Movement. Because of his growing influence, people used to call him Lu Xun.
A Chang and "The Classic of Three Seas", hometown Kong Yiji, Xue, have the Chinese lost their self-confidence? 16. Lao She: Modern writer, formerly known as Shu Qingchun, courtesy name Sheyu, a Manchu Zhenghongqi native, a native of Beijing, a modern Chinese novelist, dramatist, and famous writer. "Winter in Jinan" 17. Zhu Ziqing: (1898.11.22-1948.8.12) His original name was Zihua and his nickname was Qiushi. Later he changed his name to Ziqing and his courtesy name was Peixian.
"Sleep, Little One" written in February 1919 is his first new poem. He was a participant in the May 4th patriotic movement and was influenced by the May 4th wave and embarked on the path of literature.
"Back View". 18. Guo Moruo: formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, "Street Market in the Sky".
19. Chekhov: Russian novelist and dramatist. He, Maupassant of France and O. Henry of the United States are known as the three great masters of short stories.
"Chameleon" 20. "The Book of Songs": It is the earliest collection of poems in China. The Book of Songs was originally called "Poems" and contains 305 poems, so it is also called "Three Hundred Poems".
Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has regarded it as a classic, so it is called "The Book of Songs". The authors of most of the poems in the Book of Songs cannot be verified.
21. "Zuo Zhuan": According to legend, it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian in the late Spring and Autumn Period. It is a chronological historical work in ancient China.
The full name of "Zuo Zhuan" is "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan". Its original name was "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu". During the Han Dynasty, it was also called "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi" and "Zuo Shi". It was only after the Han Dynasty that it was often called "Zuo Zhuan".
Together with "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan", it is collectively known as the "Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period". "Zuo Zhuan" represents the highest achievement of Pre-Qin historiography. It is an important document for studying the history of Pre-Qin and the Spring and Autumn Period. It had a great influence on the historiography of later generations, especially in establishing the status of chronicle history books.
22. "The Analects": "The Analects" pioneered the style of quotations. The exemplary nature of Chinese articles also originates from this.
The Analects of Confucius more faithfully records Confucius's words and deeds, and also reflects Confucius's thoughts more concentratedly. The present edition of The Analects contains twenty chapters.
The core of the political thought of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, is "benevolence", "propriety" and "righteousness". 23. "Mencius": Confucian classic.
The book "Mencius" is "written in imitation of the saints". It not only absorbs the essence of "The Analects", but also accepts some characteristics of "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean". In the book "Mencius", the most prominent reflection is the thought of benevolence and righteousness.
Benevolence is the center of Confucianism. Confucius often talks about benevolence but seldom talks about righteousness. Mencius attaches equal importance to benevolence and righteousness. He has a famous saying, "Sacrifice one's life for righteousness". The book "Mencius" is developed in the form of questions and answers, with refutation as the main method of argumentation.
It records Mencius’ thoughts in detail.
6. Fill in the blanks with literary knowledge
Small question 1: Picking up flowers in the morning and evening
Small question 2: Andersen
Small question 3: Maupassant
Question 4: Mulan Poem
Question analysis: To answer this question, just pay attention to accumulation in your daily life. As long as you memorize it and be able to write the answer.
Comments: If literary knowledge and text content appear as multiple-choice questions, they will cover a lot of content, including common knowledge about literature and culture, as well as themes, storylines, characters, and writing characteristics, as well as Reading and analysis of works, etc. To answer this type of question, you must first memorize the relevant knowledge, and at the same time savor the wonderful content and characters of the classics, so that you can easily distinguish the correct items from the wrong items; if some knowledge is forgotten or omitted, Then use the process of elimination to determine the final option.