〔1〕Emperor of the Han Dynasty: Many poets after the mid-Tang Dynasty used Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Liu Che) to refer to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Qingguo: refers to beautiful women. Yuyu: Rule the whole country.
[2] The Yang family has a daughter: Concubine Yang is the daughter of Yang Xuanyan, the Sihu of Shuzhou. She was raised in the family of her uncle Yang Xuan, Wang Gui, when she was young, and her nickname is Yuhuan. In the twenty-third year of Kaiyuan, she was canonized as the concubine of King Shou (Xuanzong's son Li Wangmao). In the twenty-eighth year, Xuanzong made her a Taoist priest, lived in Taizhen Palace, and changed her name to Taizhen. Tianbao was canonized as a noble concubine in four years.
[3] Sixth Palace: the residence of the concubine. Fendai: Originally a cosmetic for women, it is used here as a pronoun for women. Colorless: It means that the concubines of the Sixth Palace and Yang Guifei are not beautiful in comparison.
[4] Huaqing Pool: The hot spring palace was built in Lishan in the eleventh year of Kaiyuan, and was renamed Huaqing Palace in the sixth year of Tianbao. The hot spring pool was also renamed "Huaqing Pool". Ningzhi: describes the skin as white, tender and smooth.
〔5〕Cheng Enze: Refers to being favored by the emperor.
〔6〕Bu Yao: The name of a kind of jewelry. It is made of gold and silver wire twisted and bent into the shape of a flower branch, decorated with pearls and jade, inserted in the bun, and shakes when walking, so it is called "Bu Yao".
[7]Sisters and brothers: refers to the Yang family. After Yang Yuhuan was canonized, her eldest sister was granted the title of Lady of Korea, her third sister was granted the title of Lady of Guo State, and her eighth sister was granted the title of Lady of Qin State. The uncle's brother Yang Zhiguan Hongluqing, Yang Qiqi Guanshi Yushi, Yang Zhao was named Guozhong, and became the right prime minister in the eleventh year of Tianbao (752), so it is said that "all lands" (land enfeoffed). Poor: cute.
[8] Li Palace: Li Shanyou’s palace. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty often drank and had fun with Concubine Yang here.
〔9〕Yuyang: In the first year of Tianbao, Jizhou in Hebei Province was renamed Yuyang County. The land under its jurisdiction at that time was about the area east of today's Beijing City. Including present-day Ji County, Pinggu and other counties, it was originally under the jurisdiction of Anlu Mountain, the governor of Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong towns. Gebei: small drum and riding drum used in the ancient army. Song of Colorful Feather Clothes: Famous Dance Name
〔10〕Jiuzhongchengque: refers to the capital city. Smoke and dust: refers to the occurrence of war disasters. Journey to the southwest: In June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), Anlu Mountain broke through Tongguan. Yang Guozong advocated fleeing to Shuzhong. Tang Xuanzong ordered General Chen Xuanli to lead the "six armies" to set off. He, Yang Guifei and others followed him out of Yanqiu Gate. Head southwest.
〔11〕Cuihua: refers to the flag decorated with kingfisher feathers in the emperor's ceremonial guard.
〔12〕Mo Mei: a nickname for beautiful women, here it refers to Yang Guifei.
[13] Cuiqiao: The long hair on the kingfisher's tail is called "Qiao". This refers to the headdress shaped like "Cui Qiao". Golden Bird: A golden bird-shaped hairpin. Jade scratching the head: jade hosta. This sentence says that all kinds of jewelry and mother-of-pearls were thrown to the ground.
〔14〕Yunzhan: A plank road high into the clouds. Yingyu: twists and turns. Jiange: Jianmenguan, located in the north of Jiange County in today's Sichuan Province.
[15] Emei Mountain: in today’s Emei County, Sichuan Province. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Sichuan, he did not want to pass Mount Emei. This refers generally to the mountains in today's Sichuan.
〔16〕 "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor": "The Emperor of the Ming Dynasty was lucky enough to be in Shu. He traveled southwest and entered the Xie Valley for the first time. It was the tenth day of the rainy season. He heard the sound of bells in the rain on the plank road and heard it from across the mountain. Above (referring to Xuanzong) mourned the imperial concubine and composed her voice as "Raining Bell Song" to express his regret.
〔17〕The sky is spinning and the sun is turning: a metaphor for the country's recovery from overthrow. Huilongyu: refers to Xuanzong returning to Chang'an from Shuzhong. This: refers to the place where Concubine Yang committed suicide.
〔18〕Maweipo: in the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province today. That is the place previously referred to as "more than a hundred miles west of the capital".
〔19〕Taiye: The name of the pool is located in the Daming Palace northeast of Chang'an City. Weiyang: The name of the palace, located in the northwest of Chang'an County. Both are old names dating back to the Han Dynasty. This refers to the ponds, gardens and palaces of the Tang Dynasty.
[20] West Palace: "New Book of Tang·Eunuch Biography" records: Li Fuguo forced the Supreme Emperor (Li Longji) to move from Xingqing Palace to "Xinei" (the Tang Dynasty called Taiji Palace "Xinei").
〔21〕Liyuan: See the notes of Du Fu's "Watching Gongsun's Disciples Dance with Swords and Weapons". Jiaofang: the name of the palace where the queen lives. The walls are coated with pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum) and mud for its warmth and aroma. Ajian: a close attendant in the palace, the name of a female official of the sixth or seventh rank in the Tang Dynasty. Qing'e: refers to a young and beautiful palace maid. "Qing'e Lao" is a counterpoint to the previous sentence "White Hair is New".
〔22〕Pull out the lonely lamp: In ancient times, lamp grass was used to light oil lamps. After a while, the lamp grass would be picked forward to make it burn easily. Pick out all the lights: It means that the night is deep and the lights will be picked out.
[23] Geng Geng: bright. Galaxy: Milky Way. Yushutian: When the sky is about to break.
〔24〕Yuanyang tiles: The roof tiles are bent and buckled together, which is called "Yuanyang tiles". Shuanghua: Frost flower. Heavy: refers to thick frost. Jade Quilt: A quilt embroidered with an emerald bird.
〔25〕Soul: refers to the soul of Concubine Yang.
〔26〕Linqiong (pronounced poor): Qionglai County in present-day Sichuan Province. Hongdu: the name of the Beigong gate in Luoyang. Hongdu Ke: It means that this Sichuan alchemist once lived in Luoyang. The term "Hongdu guest" refers to Linqiong Taoist priests who came to Kyoto as guests.
〔27〕Poor: means to search all over. Biluo: refers to the sky. Huangquan: refers to the underground.
[28] Wuyun: Five-colored clouds. Chuoyue: Beautiful appearance.
〔29〕The difference is: it seems to be.
[30] Knock on the jade door: Knock on the door made of jade.
扃: Originally refers to the door latch or door knocker, here it refers to the door leaf. Xiaoyu: The author of "Nishangyu Dance Song" notes: "Xiaoyu, the daughter of King Wu's husband." Shuangcheng: surnamed Dong. "Internal Biography of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty" records: The Queen Mother of the West ordered the jade girl Dong Shuangcheng to play Yunhe's Sheng. Xiaoyu and Shuangcheng were hired as Yang Guifei's maids.
〔31〕Jiuhua tent: a colorful tent embroidered with Jiuhua patterns.
〔32〕Bead foil: bead curtain. screen; screen. Winding: continuous connection.
〔33〕Langan: the appearance of tears.
[34] Ningsui: gaze.
[35] Zhaoyang Palace: the name of the Han Palace, where Zhao Feiyan lived. This era refers to the former residence of Concubine Yang. Penglai Palace: the legendary fairy mountain on the sea. This refers to fairyland. Tianhe: a jewelry box inlaid with gold flowers. Send it to you: please send it to you.
〔36〕昘: separate. The meaning of these two sentences is: Leave one strand of the hairpin and one piece in the box. When the hairpin is separated, there is a gold box inside. When it is separated, there is a metal flower piece inside.
[37] Changsheng Palace: in Huaqing Palace.
〔38〕Lianlizhi: The roots of the two trees are different, but the trunks are joined together.
Brief analysis:
This poem tells the love story between Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang Guifei. Only the first sentence is Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, and the other place names and person names are all real. The poem was written in the winter of the sixth year of Yuanhe (806) of Emperor Xianzong. The poet was serving as a county lieutenant in Wu (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi Province). He once visited the Xianyou Temple with Chen Hong and Wang Zhi. On the king's suggestion, he made an appointment with Chen Hong to visit the Xianyou Temple. The popular love story about Xuanzong and his beloved concubine was written into the work, Chen wrote "The Song of Everlasting Sorrow", and Bai wrote this poem. The poem begins as a comedy and turns into a tragedy. Although the author's intention is to "punish the beautiful woman", it becomes an ode to love. The most successful part of this narrative poem is its lyricism. The rather complex plot is explained in just a few concise sentences, and it focuses on rendering the emotion, meticulously describing the intensity of love between Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang, and the longing of both parties after the death of the concubine. . Many of the famous lines are deeply touching and have been recited for thousands of years. The dramatic and mythological description and strong romanticism in the poem are also the reasons why it has a strong artistic charm.
[Attached] The Song of Everlasting Sorrow, written by Chen Hong, a former scholar.
In the Kaiyuan Dynasty, the country was level and everything was fine. Xuanzong had been in power for a long time, and he was tired of eating, sleeping, and wearing clothes every day. His government was not big or small, so he was entrusted to the right prime minister. He lived in seclusion and entertained himself with sounds and colors. First of all, Queen Yuanxian and Concubine Wu Shu were both favored, and they came to this world one after another. Although there are thousands of good family members in the palace, there is no one who is pleasing to the eye. The heart is suddenly unhappy. In the tenth month of every year, I would visit the Huaqing Palace, where I would be greeted by my wife, who was shining brightly in the scenery. I would bathe in the aftermath of the sun, and be bathed in soup and spring breeze. My heart is filled with joy, if I encounter something, I look around, the color is as pink as earth. Gao Lishi was ordered to secretly search the outer palace and found Hongnong Yang Xuanyan's daughter in Shou's residence. Now that the hair is straightened, the hair is greasy and smooth, of medium fineness, and the hair is relaxed and turns around. Very pleasant. On the day of his visit, he played "The Song of Colorful Clothes and Feather Clothes" to guide him. On the night when love was established, a golden hairpin and a hairpin were given to solidify it. He also ordered Dai Buyao to drop gold (Wang Dang). Next year, the book will be taken by the imperial concubine. This way, he refines his appearance, sharpens his words, and expresses all kinds of expressions gracefully, so as to achieve the best meaning and benefit him. At that time, the wind of Jiuzhou, the five mountains of mud and gold, the snowy night of Lishan Mountain, the spring morning of Shangyang, and the same chariot as Shangxing, lived in the same room, had a special banquet, and slept in a special room. Although there are three wives, nine concubines, twenty-seven wives, eighty-one royal wives, talented people in the harem, and Yuefu prostitutes, the emperor has no care. Naturally, no one will be lucky enough to enter the Sixth Palace. It's not just that it's beautiful and elegant, but it's indescribable that it's talented, intelligent, skillful and sycophantic. Uncle Kun and his younger brother are all listed in Qingguan, and their titles are Tonghou. The sisters have a feudal wife, a wealthy royal family, a car, a dress, a residence, and a harem with the eldest princess, but their benevolence and influence are beyond them. No one was asked when entering or leaving the forbidden gate, and the chief officials of the capital looked at him sideways. Therefore, there was a ballad at that time: "Don't be sad when you have a daughter, don't like it when you have a son." It also said: "A man does not make his daughter a concubine, but looks at her as the lintel of his family." This is the envy of his people. At the end of Tianbao, the loyal brother of the country stole the prime minister's position and deceived the country's leader. And An Lushan led troops to Que, in order to attack the Yang family. Tongguan was not guarded, but Cuihua Nan was lucky. When they left Xianyang Road, they came to Mawei Pavilion. The six armies were wandering around, holding their halberds and refusing to advance. The officials and officials got on their horses and asked them to punish their mistakes in order to thank the world. Guozhong served as a tassel and panned the water, and died in Daozhou. The meaning of left and right is not fast. Asked above. At that time
If you dare to speak out, please use your imperial concubine to stop the world's anger. The superior knew it was inevitable, but couldn't bear to see him die, so he covered his face with his hands and led him away. The pale yellow color spreads out and disappears under the ruler group. Then Xuanzong hunted Chengdu, and Suzong received Zen spiritual martial arts
--The following is quoted from "Appreciation of the Best Poems of the Tang Dynasty" compiled by Li Jizhou/
Eternal Life Palace on July 7th ①? Midnight When no one is whispering?
In the sky, I would like to be a winged bird②? On the ground, I would like to be a branch ③
① Changsheng Palace: the name of a palace in Huaqing Palace of Tang Dynasty, November of the first year of Tianbao It was built and named Jiling Platform for worshiping gods. In the Tang Dynasty, the emperor's bedroom was also called the Palace of Eternal Life. Therefore, the Hall of Eternal Life referred to in the poem does not necessarily refer specifically to the Jiling Platform. ② Biwing Bird: A legendary bird with only one eye and one wing. Its name is the pheasant. The male and female fly side by side and fly close together. ③Connected branches: The branches of two trees grow together. ④Song of Everlasting Regret: A long narrative poem that will last forever. It was written in the winter of the first year of Emperor Xianzong’s reign in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Bai Juyi was serving as the captain of Yusun County. He visited Xianyou Temple with his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu. He talked about the ancient times and the present, and talked about Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who was addicted to sound and lust. And Yang Guifei's favor and luck finally led to the Mawei incident. I was deeply moved, so I wrote this poem based on Wang Zhifu's suggestion. Chen Hong also wrote "The Song of Everlasting Sorrow" for it, so poetry and biography were integrated and complemented each other.
These four sentences mean that at midnight on July 7, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang made an oath to each other in the Palace of Eternal Life: They would like to be birds flying together in the sky, and they would like to be branches connected with each other on the ground. , be a loving couple forever and ever. The poem is written in a touching and moving way, and is often quoted by later generations to express loyalty to love.
Natural beauty ① is hard to give up ②? Once you choose ③ on the side of the king ④
① Beauty: beauty. ② Difficult to give up on oneself: Born with beauty, it is difficult to give up on oneself and live up to it. ③Selection: That is to choose the concubine. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty actually snatched Yang Yuhuan from his son Li Mao. The word "chosen" was a cover-up for the venerable person. Yang Guifei, nicknamed Yuhuan, was born in Yongle, Puzhou (now Ruicheng, Shanxi). She was raised in her uncle Yang Xuangui's house when she was a child. In the twenty-third year of Kaiyuan (AD 735), she was canonized as the concubine of King Shou Li Hao. In the twenty-eighth year of Kaiyuan (AD 740), Xuanzong wanted to take her as his concubine, but because of the status of his father-in-law and daughter-in-law, he made her a female Taoist priest and lived in Taizhen Palace, with the Taoist name Taizhen. This was a temporary arrangement to hide her from others. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745 AD), she was granted the title of imperial concubine and received extreme favor from Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. ④ Side: side.
These two sentences mean that Concubine Yang is naturally beautiful and beautiful, how can she be ignored? Once "chosen" to be a concubine by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, she would receive extreme favor. This is a straightforward statement of the matter, written based on the facts, because Concubine Yang is Princess Shou and the daughter-in-law of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It is written in such a way that it is ironic and thought-provoking.
The everlasting world will eventually come to an end ①? This hatred ② lasts ③ has no end ④
① The sentence of everlasting sky: No matter how long the sky is, no matter how long the earth is, there will always be an end. ②This hatred: refers to the love tragedy between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. ③Mianmian: a long-term and continuous appearance. ④No deadline: There is no end time.
These two sentences mean that the sky is so long and the earth is so long, there will be an end; the tragedy of love and hatred will never end. The poem points out "eternal regret" in general language, expressing the eternal hatred of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty for not being able to fulfill his love vow to Concubine Yang. These two sentences are often quoted by later generations, expressing endless regrets.
Jiuchongchengque ①Smoke and dust ②? Thousands of people traveling southwest ③
①Jiuchongchengque: refers to the capital. The place where the emperor lived had nine gates, called Jiuzhong, one gate, two Ying gates, three Pheasant gates, four Ku gates, five Gao gates, six city gates, seven suburb gates, eight suburban gates, and nine gates. ②Smoke and dust: war breaks out. ③Qiancheng sentence: traveling southwest, referring to fleeing to Sichuan. "Old Tang Book·Xuanzong Ji": In June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Tongguan was not guarded, and the capital was greatly shocked. "In the early morning of Jiawu, I will plan to be lucky to Shu. ... In the early morning of Yiwei, I went out from Yanqiu Gate. It was wet with light rain. The only servants were Prime Minister Yang Guozhong, Wei Jiansu, chamberlain Gao Lishi and the prince. The prince, concubine and the emperor's grandson had already sent many servants. "It's too late." Volume 34 of "Zizhi Tongjian·Tang Ji": "Yang Guozhong... was the first to sing the strategy of blessing Shu, and it was the best." ... Jiawu, ... moved up to the north to attack the interior. On the evening of the same day, General Longwu Chen Xuanli was ordered to conduct a general survey of the six armies, generously gave money and silk, and selected more than 900 horses from the stables. No one else knew about it. At dawn, the emperor left Yanqiu Gate alone with his concubines, sisters, princes, concubines, lords, and grandsons, Yang Guozhong, Wei Jiansu, Wei Fanjin, Chen Xuanli, and close eunuchs and palace officials. Go away. "It can be seen that this escape was extremely hasty. Tang Xuanzong was frightened and was at a loss. He had to escape with Yang Guifei. At that time, he was in a state of embarrassment. "The followers of the six armies were only a thousand people." In the poem, "thousands of horses and thousands of horses" are The words of exaggeration are not worthy of belief.
These two sentences mean that the wealthy emperor Tang Xuanzong was so frightened that he fled to Sichuan in a hurry with his concubines and thousands of cavalry. Although the poet did not completely escape. Despite the constraints of "taboo for the honorable", the word "行" contains rich hidden meanings, which is thought-provoking.
Under the soil of Mawei Slope ①, there is no place where Yuyan Kong died ②
①Maweipo: It is in the west of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province, which is the place referred to by "more than a hundred miles west of the capital". ②Missing sentence: Miss Yang Fei, only her death place. Concubine Yang.
These two sentences say that when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty returned to Chang'an from Shu, he passed by the place where Concubine Yang was buried in Maweipo. The sachet she wore. Therefore, in the soil of Maweipo, there was no trace of Concubine Yang, only the place where she died, which contained the sadness, painful memories and endless longing of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. .
Shangqiong ①Biluo ②Xiahuangquan ③?Both places are nowhere to be seen
①Biluo: exhaustive and pervasive ②Biluo: Taoism calls the first level of the sky in the east, full of blue clouds. Empty is called "Bi Luo". ③Huangquan refers to the underworld where people are buried after death.
These two sentences describe the journey of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to search for his noble concubine. , vague and nowhere, showing Tang Xuanzong's deep longing for Yang Guifei.
The palace firefly is thinking quietly ①? The lonely lamp is exhausted ② Before falling asleep
① Thinking quietly: a state of loneliness and desolation. ② Picking up the lamp: In ancient times, lamps were used to light oil lamps. After a while, the lamps were moved forward to let them continue to burn. It means that the night is already deep and the lamps are about to burn. Pick out all the lights.
These two sentences mean that the old palace is a deserted scene at night, with only fireflies flying around; Sleep peacefully. It tries its best to exaggerate the loneliness and misery of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who misses Concubine Yang, causing him to lie awake at night.
The Sixth Army ① does not send out ② has no choice? Wanzhuan ③ Mo Mei ④ dies in front of the horse
① The Sixth Army: the emperor's guard force. In the Zhou Dynasty system, the emperor's six armies were composed of 12,500 men each. Later, the emperor's guard troops were generally called the six armies. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there were actually four armies, namely the left and right Longwu and the left and right Yulin armies. Later, the left and right Shence armies were added and combined into six armies. ②Not sending: Reluctant to move forward. "Zizhi Tongjian" records: As far as Maweiyi, the soldiers were hungry, tired and angry. Chen Xuanli thought that the trouble was caused by Yang Guozhong and wanted to kill him. He met with more than 20 Tibetan envoys to cover the loyal horses of the country and complained that they had no food. Before Guozhong could respond, the sergeant shouted: "Guozhong and the Hulu are plotting to rebel. Guozhong has escaped and we will hunt him down." He put on his staff and walked out of the post gate to comfort the sergeant and ordered him to close the team, but the sergeant didn't respond. The envoy Gao Lishi asked about it, and Xuanli replied: "The loyalist of the country has rebelled, and it is not appropriate for the imperial concubine to be enshrined. I hope that your majesty will show mercy and rectify the law." It said: The imperial concubine lives in a deep place, how can she know that the loyal people of the country are plotting against her? The powerful man said: "The imperial concubine is innocent, but the soldiers have killed the loyal people of the country. How can the imperial concubine dare to be at peace with your majesty? I hope your majesty will think about it carefully. If the soldiers are in peace, your majesty will be at peace." The powerful warrior was ordered to lure the noble concubine to the Buddhist hall and hang her to death. After leaving the corpse in the post court, Xuanli and others were summoned to take a look at it, and then the entire army began to make plans. ③Wanzhuan: Still spreading, in a sad and lingering state. ④Mo Mei: This originally refers to the eyebrows of a beautiful woman, but later it was borrowed to refer to a beautiful woman, here it refers to Concubine Yang.
These two sentences mean that it was only more than a hundred miles away from the capital to the west, but the Sixth Army refused to advance. It was really helpless. Concubine Yang was strangled to death in front of her horse in the lingering misery. Reflecting the "failure of the six armies", the demand for Concubine Yang to be executed was due to anger at Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who was infatuated with wine and sex, causing harm to the country and the people. The poem uses the death of the scapegoat to tactfully and implicitly criticize Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, with an endless aftertaste.
The wind blows the immortal sleeves ① swaying and lifting, just like the dance of colorful feathers
① sleeves: sleeves.
These two sentences mean that Concubine Yang was standing on the fairy mountain. The breeze blew and her sleeves fluttered up. She had a kind of elegant, free and easy, otherworldly beauty, just like dancing in the palace back then. The graceful dance of colorful feathers. With the help of imagination, the poet reappeared the image of Concubine Yang in the fairyland. The image was vivid and moving, which further deepened Tang Xuanzong's longing for Concubine Yang and further exaggerated the theme of "everlasting regret".
--Quoted from "Appreciation of the Best Poems of the Tang Dynasty" compiled by Li Jizhou/
"Song of Everlasting Sorrow" is a well-known poem among Bai Juyi's poems. It was written in the first year of Yuanhe (806) At that time, the poet was serving as a county captain in Yuxi County (today's Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). This poem was composed when he and his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu visited Xianyou Temple and were inspired by the stories of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. In this long narrative poem, the author uses concise language, beautiful images, and a combination of narrative and lyrical techniques to narrate the love tragedy of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during the Anshi Rebellion: Their love was ruined by the rebellion they caused. We are endlessly eating the bitter pill of this spirit. Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang were both historical figures. The poet did not stick to history, but relied on a little shadow of history, based on the legends of the people at that time and the songs of the neighbors, to create a twists and turns and moving story. Describe and sing it with the artistic form of looping, lingering and pathos. Because the stories and characters in the poem are all artistic and are complex and true representations of people in reality, they can create ripples in the hearts of readers of all ages.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is the song "Eternal Regret". "Eternal Regret" is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story, and a seed buried in the poem that affects people's hearts. As for what to "hate" and why to "eternally hate", the poet does not directly narrate and express it, but shows it to the readers layer by layer through the poetic stories in his writing, allowing people to figure out, savor, and understand for themselves. Feel.
The first sentence of the poem: "The Emperor of Han valued beauty and thought of his country." It seems very ordinary, as if the story should have started from here, and the author did not need to put any thought into it. In fact, These seven words are of great content and are the outline of the entire poem. They not only reveal the tragic elements of the story, but also evoke and guide the entire poem. Immediately afterwards, the poet used extremely frugal language to describe how Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty focused on and pursued beauty before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, who "looked back and smiled with all her beauty, and the pink and white in the sixth palace have no color". It describes Yang Guifei's beauty and charm. After entering the palace, she was favored because of her beauty. Not only did she "newly inherit the favor", but her "sisters and brothers were all from the earth". It repeatedly exaggerates how Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty indulged in sexual pleasure, had fun, and indulged in singing, dancing, drinking, and sex in the palace after he got the imperial concubine. All of these led to the Anshi Rebellion: "The Yuyang Chao incited the earth to come, shocking the colorful clothes and feathers." This part writes the internal cause of "eternal hatred" and is the basis of the tragic story. Through this realistic period of palace life, the poet ironically introduces us to the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who values ??sex over country, and a charming and doting concubine. It also vividly hints to us that Tang Xuanzong's lustful behavior was the root of this tragedy.
Below, the poet describes in detail the scene of the emperor's soldiers fleeing into the southwest in a hurry after the Anshi Rebellion, especially the destruction of the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during this turmoil. "The six armies had no choice but to do nothing. They died in front of the horses with their eyebrows turned. The flowers and flowers left the land without anyone to take it, and the green and green gilts and jade scratched their heads. The king hid his face and could not save him. Looking back, the blood and tears flowed harmoniously." This is what they wrote in Mawei Poe's farewell scene. "The six armies did not send out" and demanded the death of Concubine Yang because he was angry that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was infatuated with women and was causing harm to the country and the people.
The death of Concubine Yang is a key plot in the whole story. After that, their love became a tragedy. Then, from "the yellow leaves are scattered in the wind and the wind is blowing" to "the soul never comes to dream", the poet It captures the heart-wrenching "hate" in the character's spiritual world, and uses a sour and moving tone to describe and describe Tang Xuanzong's loneliness and sadness in Shu after the death of Yang Guifei. He also reminisces about the past on the road and sees things after returning to the palace. Thinking about people, touching scenes and feeling emotions, all kinds of feelings about things and people all year round. The lingering longing for lovesickness makes people feel heartbroken. Precisely because the poet exaggerated the emotions of the characters to such an extent, the arrival of the Taoist priests and the appearance of the fairyland later gave people a sense of reality, and they no longer thought it was just a castle in the air.
From "Linqiong Taoist Hongdu Guest" to the end of the poem, it is written that the Taoist helped Tang Xuanzong find Yang Guifei. The poet adopts a romantic approach, suddenly going up to the sky and suddenly down to the earth, "the blue sky above is poor and the yellow spring is below, and neither place can be seen". Later, Yang Guifei was found on the ethereal fairy mountain on the sea, and she reappeared in the fairyland in the image of "a jade face lonely with tears, a pear blossom with spring rain", and she enthusiastically welcomed the Han family's envoys. The poem reiterates the previous oath, reflects Tang Xuanzong's longing for her, and further deepens and exaggerates the theme of "everlasting regret". At the end of the poem, it ends with "It lasts forever, and sometimes it ends, this hatred lasts forever", which points out the theme, responds to the beginning, and achieves "more than enough clear sound", giving readers room for association and aftertaste.
The first thing that gives us the enjoyment of artistic beauty in "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" is the touching and moving story in the poem, as well as the exquisite and unique artistic conception of the poem. The center of the whole article is the song "Eternal Regret", but the poet starts from the "heavy color" and tries his best to elaborate and exaggerate it. "The sun rises high", "does not go to bed early", "nights are full of nights", "not seen enough", etc., seem to be extremely happy, like a comedy scene. However, the extreme happiness reflects the endless hatred behind it. . Tang Xuanzong's debauchery harmed the country, which led to political tragedy, which in turn led to the love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei. The creator of the tragedy finally becomes the protagonist of the tragedy. This is a special and twisty part of the story, and it is also the reason why the hero and heroine in the poem have "eternal hatred". Many people have said in the past that "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" has an allegorical meaning, and this is where the allegorical meaning of this poem lies. So, how does the poet express "eternal hatred"? The poet's depiction of the death of Concubine Yang Guifei in Maweipo was extremely delicate, and he vividly expressed Tang Xuanzong's inner conflicts and painful feelings that he couldn't bear to part with but couldn't save. Because of this "bloody and tearful" farewell, there is that endless hatred. Subsequently, the poet used many pens and inks to repeatedly exaggerate Tang Xuanzong's longing for Yang Guifei from all aspects. However, the storyline of the poem did not stop at one emotional point, but instead unfolded the character's inner world layer by layer, sensing his scenery. Constantly changing, moving time and the story forward, using the characters' thoughts and feelings to develop and promote the development of the plot. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Shu after a farewell, and felt very sad and miserable in his heart. On the way back to Shu, he revisited old places, which brought back sad memories. After returning to the palace, he felt sad after seeing things during the day, and couldn't sleep at night. I thought about it day and night but couldn't get it, so I put my hope in dreams, but "it's been years since birth and death, and my soul has never come to dream." At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "everlasting regret" has been written very touchingly, and it seems that the story can end here. However, the poet changed his writing style, opened up a different realm, and with the help of the colorful wings of imagination, he conceived a charming and moving fairyland, pushing the plot of the tragic story to a climax, making the story more twists and turns, with ups and downs, and waves. This turn of events is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant conflicts and collisions between subjective desires and objective reality, the poem vividly expresses the characters' ever-changing psychology, making the story more vivid and moving.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is a narrative poem with a strong lyrical component. The poet uses the lyrical techniques that our country's traditional poetry is good at in narrating stories and shaping characters, harmoniously combining narrative, scene description and lyricism. , forming the lyrical looping characteristics of poetry. The poet sometimes injects the characters' thoughts and feelings into the scenery, and uses the refraction of the scenery to highlight the characters' mood; sometimes he captures the characteristic scenery and things around the characters, and expresses the inner feelings through the characters' feelings about them, rendering them layer by layer, just right. It expresses the difficult-to-reach feelings deep in the heart of the characters. On the way Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to the southwest, there were yellow dust, plank roads, and high mountains everywhere. The sun was dim, the flags were dull, and the autumn scenery was desolate. This is a sad autumn scenery to highlight the sadness of the characters. In the land of Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, I still can't forget my love day and night. The mountains, mountains and rivers in Shu are originally very beautiful, but in the eyes of the lonely and sad Tang Xuanzong, the "green" of the mountains and the "blue" of the water are not the same. It makes people sad. The beauty of nature should be enjoyed in a peaceful state of mind, but he doesn't, so it only increases the pain in his heart. This is to write about sadness through beautiful scenery, making the emotion deeper. The moonlight in the palace and the ringing of bells in the rainy night are already very sultry. The poet seizes these ordinary but characteristic things and brings people into a sad and heart-broken state. In addition, the sight and sound, the color One sound, intertwined with each other, and the language and tone also show the character's inner sorrow and desolation, which is another level. On the way back to Dudu, "the world was spinning", which was originally a happy thing, but the old things were over again, and the beautiful face was gone, and I couldn't help but shed tears of sadness. The narrative adds another layer of painful memories. After returning to Chang'an, "When I came back, the ponds and gardens were all the same. The hibiscus in Taiye was like the willows. The hibiscus was like the face and the willows were like the eyebrows. How could I not shed tears at this?"
During the day, due to the triggering of the environment and scenery, I associate the scenery with the people. The scenery remains the same, but the people are gone. I can't help but burst into tears. I seem to see the appearance of Concubine Yang from the hibiscus flowers in Taiye Pond and the weeping willows in Weiyang Palace. It reveals the extremely complex and subtle inner activities of the characters. "The fireflies in the palace are quietly thinking about each other in the evening, and the solitary lamps are all lit up before they can fall asleep. The bells and drums are beginning to ring in the long night, and the stars are about to dawn." Written from dusk to dawn, it focuses on the scene of being haunted by emotions at night and being unable to fall asleep for a long time. This kind of bitter longing is like this "when the peach and plum blossoms bloom in the spring breeze", and it is also like this in "the autumn rain when the sycamore leaves fall". When I saw that the "Liyuan Disciples" and "Ajian Qing'e" from those years had turned gray and faded, which aroused my longing for the joys of the past, I felt sad. From the loose yellow leaves to the green mountains of Shu, from the rainy night in the palace to the triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to autumn, I touch things and feel sad everywhere, and think about people when I see things, repeatedly exaggerating the suffering of the protagonist in the poem from all aspects Pursuit and search. If you can't find it in real life, go to the dream to find it. If you can't find it in the dream, go to the fairyland to find it. Such ups and downs and layers of rendering make the characters' emotions spiral and reach a climax. It is through such layers of rendering that the poet repeatedly expresses emotions and goes back and forth to make the characters' thoughts and feelings deeper and richer, making the poems "delicate in texture" and more artistically appealing.
As an eternal narrative poem, "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" has a high artistic achievement. Throughout the ages, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. How does "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" artistically infect and seduce readers? It is perhaps its greatest artistic feature, its melodiousness and pathos, and it is also its power that has attracted readers for thousands of years, making them infected and seduced.
The Emperor of the Han Dynasty was obsessed with beauty and wanted to overwhelm the country, and he could not get it for many years. There is a daughter in the Yang family who has just grown up. She is raised in a boudoir and no one knows her.
It’s hard to give up on natural beauty. Once you choose it, you will be on the side of the king. Looking back and smiling, the sixth palace has no color.
In the cold spring, you can bathe in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water will wash away the fat. The waiter helped her weakly, and it was the beginning of her new grace.
The flowers on the temples are swaying with golden steps, and the hibiscus tent warms the spring night. The spring night is short and the sun is high, and from now on the king will not go to court early.
There is no leisure for Cheng Huan to serve banquets, and he spends all his time traveling from spring to night. There are three thousand beauties in the harem, and three thousand people love her.
The golden house is made up to serve as a charming servant at night, and the jade house is drunk and spring after the banquet. Sisters and brothers are all from the earth, poor and glorious.
This makes the hearts of parents all over the world not to be reborn as boys but to be reborn as girls.
The blue clouds enter from the heights of Li Palace, and the wind of fairy music can be heard everywhere. Slow singing, slow dancing, silk and bamboo, the king can't see enough of it all day long.
The sound of Yuyang's flying rhinoceros stirred the earth, shocking the song of colorful clothes and feathers. Smoke and dust arose from the Jiuzhong City Tower, and thousands of horses traveled southwest.
The green flowers wavered and stopped, more than a hundred miles west of the capital. The Sixth Army had nothing to do but turned around and died in front of the horse.
There is no one to collect the flowers and flowers on the ground, and the green buds and jade are scratching their heads. The king hid his face and could not save him. He looked back and saw the blood and tears flowing.
The yellow leaves are scattered in the wind, and the clouds linger in the sword pavilion. There are few people walking at the foot of Mount Emei, and the flags are dim and the sun is thin.
The Shujiang River is green and the Shushan Mountains are green, and the Holy Lord is in love with him day and night. Seeing the moon in the palace looks sad, and hearing the sound of broken bells in the rainy night.
The sky spins and the sun turns back to Long Yu. I am hesitant and unable to go. In the mud at the foot of Mawei slope, there is no place where Yuyan Kong died.
The emperor and his ministers looked after each other with all their clothes, and looked eastward to the capital to return home. When I return, the ponds and gardens are all still the same, with lots of liquid and lotus but little willow.
The hibiscus is like a face and willows are like eyebrows, how can I not shed tears about this. The spring breeze brings peach and plum blossoms into bloom at night, and the autumn rain brings the sycamore leaves falling.
There are many autumn grasses in the south of the West Palace, and the fallen leaves are full of red leaves that are not swept away. The disciples in Liyuan have new white hair, and the prisoner Qing'e in Jiaofang is old.
The fireflies in the evening palace are quietly thinking, and the solitary lamp has been exhausted before they fall asleep. The night is long and the bells and drums are beginning, and the stars are about to dawn.
The mandarin duck tiles are heavy with frost, and the emerald quilt is cold. After so many years of separation between life and death, my soul never came to sleep.
Linqiong Taoist priest Hongdu Ke can touch the soul with his sincerity. In order to appreciate the king's thoughts, he taught the alchemists to search diligently.
The empty air rushes like lightning, ascending to the heavens and entering the earth to seek for all. The blue sky above and the yellow spring below fall, and both places are nowhere to be seen.
Suddenly I heard that there was a fairy mountain on the sea, and the mountain was in the void. The exquisite pavilion is filled with five clouds, among which there are many fairies.
There is a character in the book who is too real and has a snow-skinned and colorful appearance. Knock on the jade in the west chamber of the golden palace, and teach Xiaoyu to report a double success.
Smell the emperor's envoy from the Han family, and the dream in Jiuhua tent is frightened. I pick up clothes and push pillows, and wander back and forth, and the silver screen of beads and foil spreads out.
I went to bed with my temples half fresh, and came out of the hall with my corolla untidy. The wind blows and the fairy's mantle is fluttering and lifted up, just like the dancing of colorful clothes and feathers.
The jade face is lonely and full of tears, and a branch of pear blossom brings rain in spring.
Looking at the king with affection, his voice and appearance are vague. Love is overwhelming in Zhaoyang Palace, and the sun and moon are long in Penglai Palace.
Looking back and looking down at the world, I can see the dust and mist in Chang'an. Only the old things show deep affection, and the rhinestone alloy hairpin is sent to the future.
Leave one strand of the hairpin and combine it into a fan; break the hairpin into gold and combine it into two pieces. But the teaching heart is as strong as gold, and we will meet in heaven and on earth.
I sent my farewell message again with sincerity, in which I vowed to know each other. On July 7th, in the Hall of Eternal Life, no one was whispering in the middle of the night.
I would like to be a winged bird in the sky, and a twig on the ground. As time goes by, this hatred will last forever.