First, the teaching objectives
According to the teaching requirements of this unit and the characteristics and status of this article, I set the teaching objectives of this article as follows:
1, cognitive goal: to know the author and writing background.
2. Ability goal: cultivate students' imagination and associative ability, and experience the refined language in this paper.
3. Emotional goal: to understand the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
4. Teaching emphasis and difficulty: The teaching emphasis is to recite this article accurately and smoothly, and the teaching difficulty is to cultivate students' imagination and associative ability.
Second, the tutorial:
(1) Create a scenario and introduce a new lesson (3 minutes)
Introduce a new lesson: In 755 AD, there was a great rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, which turned from prosperity to decline. Historically known as the Anshi Rebellion, it brought great disasters to the people. Please watch this movie.
Students, the word "An Shi Rebellion" will definitely sting your eyes, because it was a bitter war and an era full of blood and tears. In this era of suffering, Du Fu, a realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the famous Three Officials and Three Farewells with a true record of history and a feeling of compassion for the saints.
Please look at three couplets:
(1) The people are suffering and the bottom of the pen is turbulent;
The world is scarred, and the poet is a saint.
2 full of rivers and mountains, the earth is not Tang;
A cavity princess is Du Lingchun's thatched cottage.
(3) The thatched cottage will be handed down to future generations; Poets write for a thousand years.
(2) Go into the writer and get to know the background (3 minutes)
Excuse me: Who are the characters referred to in these three couplets? (Du Fu) Everyone says it's Du Fu. Please talk about the reasons around couplets (students introduce the author around couplets according to their own materials)
Attachment: Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty.
His poetic style is gloomy, and his language is vigorous and accurate, which became the peak of China's ancient realistic poetry. Du Fu was honored as a "poet saint" by later generations.
Today, there are more than 1400 poems written by him, which truly and profoundly reflect various social phenomena in the process of Tang Dynasty's prosperity and decline, reflect the sufferings of the people, condemn the cruelty of the ruling class and reveal sharp social contradictions, and have always been known as "the history of poetry".
Excuse me: Under what circumstances did Du Fu write The Stone Trough? (Student answers)
Du Fu surrounded Yecheng, Anqing, with 600,000 troops led by Guo Ziyi in the spring of the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong during the Anshi Rebellion. Because of the disunity of command, they were defeated by Shi Siming Army. In order to supplement the troops, the Tang Dynasty forcibly arrested people as soldiers in Luoyang to Tongguan, and the people were miserable. At this time, Du Fu, a great realistic poet in ancient China, passed by here, made a high artistic summary of what he saw and heard, and wrote the famous "Words on Earth".
(3) Perceive the whole poem as a whole (8 minutes)
1. Please listen: Read Trencher with music.
2. Please have a look; Correct pronunciation of the following Chinese characters:
Li: Ye: Ye: Shu: Yan: Ye: Qi: Qi.
3. Please read: read "Trencher" with music.
4. Please be reasonable: story.
Time sequence: (dusk, night, long night, dawn)
Event: (beginning: arresting people on official night, development: listening to female foreword, climax: please return on official night, ending: being alone with the elderly)
The whereabouts of the poet: (stay, stay, leave)
Please think about it: What kind of story is this text telling?
Clear: It mainly describes the tragic story that officials come to arrest people at night and even elderly old women are taken to serve.
(4) Chinese practice: drama performance (understanding the text and cultivating imagination) (20 minutes)
Please act it out: according to the content and combined with your own experience, imagine and show your talents! This is my stage, show my style!
1. Define the purpose of the activity.
The class is divided into four groups, each with at least two people.
(1) full participation group
(2) imaginative, creative and reasonable.
(3) Add some stories that have happened but are hidden by the poet.
(4) The performance conforms to the identity of the characters.
(5) tacit cooperation
During the performance, one group performed, and each student in the other three groups scored according to the meaning and requirements. The perfect score is the total score of the performance of the three groups by adding the scoring results of five points.
2. Dredge the meaning and organize the performance.
Prepare for each group, and then cooperate with each other to exchange rehearsals.
First of all, dredge the meaning of the text and understand the content of the poem.
(1) With the help of notes and reference books, help yourself understand the meaning, ask questions and solve them together.
Ask questions in groups of four and solve them together. )
(2) Reading poems together,
Secondly, be a good director.
Please choose the two people you are most interested in and design a resume for the people in the article.
Introduction: History is a series of true stories. Du Fu is a screenwriter, and we can also be directors. If you are a director, please choose two roles that you are most interested in and design a resume. Arrange your resume according to the story.
The main events or key actions of the characters' appearance time and props in the text.
Du Fu voted farewell at dusk and dawn.
The old woman turns her cane at night to watch, crow and speak.
The old man walks at night, at dawn/earlier.
Officials wear knives, sticks, etc. Catch and shout at night
Students' making a good play is the premise of performing a good play, and the text is in the form of poetry. To make up for it, we must have a good understanding of the "blank art" of literature.
Tip: Blanking, as the name implies, means leaving corresponding blanks in the works, giving people imagination to write poems and leaving readers some space for thinking and imagination. This art of leaving blank and not winning has high aesthetic value. It is a kind of wisdom and a realm, which we should seriously understand when reading.
Please think about it:
(1) The sentence "Arrest an official at night" is the outline of the whole article, from which the following plots are derived. The night scene can be reasonably imagined according to the content of the story. Similarly, "dusk", "long night" and "dawn" can also be reasonably imagined.
(2) Did the old woman's "speech" go on in one breath? Imagine a conversation between an official and an old woman.
Guide students to understand that the author used the method of answering questions on Tibetan topics in Peach Blossom Spring, and Tao Yuanming also used this method in answering questions.
Obviously, the old woman's words are not repeated in one breath. The rhymes of thirteen poems ("U", "I", "En" and "U") obviously show many twists and turns, suggesting that the county magistrate has repeatedly "angered" and "shouted" and repeatedly asked "Why is the official angry?" Why do women cry? "It happened not only at the beginning of the incident, but also until the end of the incident. Just imagine the conversation between the official and the old woman.
(3) "A long silence at night is like sobbing." Who didn't write the tearjerker? Can we infer who it is?
Clear: I know from Alone with the Old Man that the old woman has been taken away. The old man has gone home, and the young widow who is afraid to make any noise with tears in her eyes is naturally nursing her child.
Third, rehearse in different roles
Fourth, performance.
3. Comments (text-based)
Students grade and cultivate the ability of appreciation and evaluation.
The scoring standard is objective, fair, reasonable and well-founded.
Theme, the author's feelings
Please talk about it: what is the theme of the story?
Clarity: The whole poem exposes the brutality of officials and reflects the suffering brought by the war through the vivid description of officials arresting people at night.
What thoughts and feelings did the poet express in his poems?
Clear: I deeply sympathize with the great disaster brought by the war to the people, and I deeply hate the cruel behavior of the rulers who oppress the people.
(5) expansion:
1 What are Du Fu's poems about the country and people?
Zhumen stinks of wine and meat, and the road has frozen bones! There are thousands of luxury houses in Ande, which makes all the poor people in the world very happy.
This story reflects the great disaster brought to the people by the war. So, what do you think of war and peace?
War will bring endless pain and disaster to the people. We should cherish and defend peace, let pigeons fly all over the world and let people all over the world live and work in peace and contentment!
(6) endorsement contest, training with twice the result with half the effort (3 minutes)
I. Forms of men's and women's competitions and team competitions
play games
Conclusion: When reading The Stone Trough, you can't really understand the meaning of The History of Poetry until you can't help crying. If you read Du Fu, you have to read the feelings of compassion, and you can truly appreciate the weight of "poetic sage"!
Students, let's recite the text again with a deep understanding of the text and Du Fu.
(Background Music) Students finish the new lesson in reading aloud.
Teacher's message: the unfortunate poet of the country is lucky. It is always the fault or sin of the ruler to launch aggression and trigger war. But their fault is often that the people bear the victory and suffer; Defeated, the people are miserable. I hope that history will enter 2 1 century, civilization will overcome barbarism, and the world will turn swords into plowshares, so that the misery of three officials and three points will disappear from the earth forever!
(7) homework:
1. Read and write the full text silently.
2. Rewrite The Trencher into a story.
[Hint] Shi and the old woman are the main characters in the poem, so they should be good at using imagination to describe their respective actions, language and demeanor; Also add some stories that actually happened, but were hidden by the poet.