Ye Jiaying has been engaged in the study of China's classical culture, and has set up funds and scholarships to attract and train outstanding talents at home and abroad to engage in the popularization and research of China's classical literature. Born in 1924, an 80-year-old man actually doesn't need or like to use materials in class, and he can still call the shots between Tang poetry and Song poetry. This is all due to his love of classical literature. As she said: I am not sensitive, but I am sincere.
"People often ask what's the use of studying classical literature? Learning classical literature is precisely because there is a touching and emotional life in classical literature and you really live there. " Form Rhythm In a beautiful poem, four words are the simplest and most basic form that can cause rhythm, such as The Book of Songs, which is a natural phenomenon caused by the combination of our own language characteristics and our physical and physiological functions. "HSBC Thorn": "I look at the wind and rain, I look at the mountains and rivers, and I often feel that there are people who can't help it." That is, what is more touching is the inner nature of people. "The Analects of Confucius" Taber once said, Confucius said: Xing is in poetry. Xing is a kind of arousal, an emotion, just like the arousal when the author sees something. When you read poetry, it will also cause a sensation. The function of poetry is to give you a feeling of mind. The ancients once said that grief in the heart is greater than death, followed by physical death. It is that you have a lively, keen and sensitive mind inside, which is a real root. The greatest function of poetry is to let you have an immortal and inflexible mind, a sentimental mind, to "rise up poetry".
Feng He has persistent enthusiasm. "Thousands of plum blossoms, you are affectionate, learning snow and dancing with the wind."
Yan Shu, there is a harmonious view. "There are mountains and rivers everywhere, and wind and rain are more harmful to spring. It is better to pity the people in front of you. "
Ouyang Xiu, I am interested in playing. The self-titled "June 1st" is a piano, a chess game, a pot of wine, a thousands of books and a volume of epigraphy, in which an old man lived. "At the end of the song, people dispersed, and tourists went, only feeling the spring sky, hanging curtains, and drizzling in Shuang Yan."
Su Dongpo: Who adorns the clouds and the moon, and the sky is clear.
Wang Guowei: Therefore, what can describe scenery and express true feelings is called realm.
Liu Yong: "Fortunately, there are smoke and waves in the five lakes, and a boat is romantic, so we have to go back to the old fisherman." "A talented poet is naturally dressed in white." "And you lean on red and green, have an affair, and life is smooth sailing. Youth is a slap in the face. I put up with floating names and changed to shallow singing. "
Xin Qiji; A pine bamboo is a true friend, and a mountain bird and a mountain flower are good brothers. Praise him for writing poems with his life and expressing them with his inner will. "I thought the mountains were high and the pool was empty in Shui Han, and the moon and stars were light." The difference between Su Xin and Kui Huo is that she is a hero, while Su Xin is generous and broad-minded. Sue: "Life is like a boat."
Qin Shaoyou, "The desert is lighter than the small building, and the silver hooligans are like poor autumn, and the screen is quiet with light smoke and flowing water. Free flying flowers are as light as dreams, endless silk rain is as fine as sorrow, and small silver hooks are hung on the curtains. " Write gently and don't write a word.
The mountains overlap, and the clouds want to smell the snow on their cheeks. Too lazy to draw a moth eyebrow, too late to make up and wash. Look in the mirror before and after the flowers, and look at the flowers. The new post is embroidered with lolo, all of which are golden partridges.
The words of Wen give people a perceptual impression. Let's look at the first sentence, "The hills overlap and the gold disappears." There are several possibilities for Hill's image in Huajian Ji. The first possibility can refer to mountain eyebrows, saying that women's eyebrows are shaped like mountains. Does this word mean eyebrows? I thought it wasn't. Between the lines, it is said that mountains overlap, and eyebrows can be like mountains, but how to overlap? Also, the third sentence of the word has "lazy painting a moth eyebrow" and also mentions a moth eyebrow. As far as the touching feeling of literature is concerned, this repetition is messy and cannot cause a sensation.
There is another possibility of hills, that is, mountain pillows. "Mountain" can be described as "pillow" in the Five Dynasties. Gu? In two poems of Ganzhou Zi, two sentences are "On the pillow on the mountain, my mouth smells sweet" and "On the pillow on the mountain, some tears are fresh". But I don't think the hill in the word warm refers to the mountain pillow. Because he said that the hills overlap, now the soft pillows can overlap two, and the mountain pillows cannot overlap.
The rest may be the mountain screen. The shape of the mountain refers to the screen, which is a folded screen, a bit like the shape of a mountain. Some people think this statement is wrong. It is said that there will be "clouds on the temples", which is the appearance that a woman's hair with clouds on her temples will cover up the past from her face. The screen is far away, and the woman is in bed, so the two cannot be connected. However, we can't use the current screen to understand ancient characters. The mountain screen or Pingshan, as the ancients said, is at the bedside. We can use Wen Tingyun's own words to prove this point. He wrote in a poem "Bodhisattva Man" that "there are no words on the sleeping surface, and Hirayama covers the pillow", combining Hirayama and the sleeping surface into one. When we say "the clouds on the temples want to smell the snow on the cheeks", we mean sleeping face, and the hills refer to Pingshan.
What is "golden extinction in overlapping hills" and "golden extinction"? He should have written that in the early morning, the sun shone through the cracks in the doors and windows on the flat mountain beside the woman's pillow, which was beautifully decorated with golden mother-of-pearl. So the light shone on it that day, and it looked like golden light flashing. People with light wake up easily. "The clouds on my temples want to smell the snow on my cheeks." My makeup is removed at night, and my hair is loose. What does the cloud want to spend? As soon as she put her head on the pillow, the clouds on her temples wanted to flow, trying to cover up the past without covering it up. Cheeks refer to cheeks, and "fragrant cheek snow" means that her cheeks are pink, fragrant and white. He put "clouds" in front and "snow" in the back, saying that the cheeks are white and the black clouds on the temples are the characteristics of Wen Feiqing.
Later, "I was too lazy to paint a moth eyebrow and didn't have time to make up and wash", plus the traditional cultural background of China. Qu Yuan said: "Many women are jealous of their beauty and are rumored to be good at lewdness." Among them, "beauty of beauty" refers to the beauty of talent and ambition. "Untitled" written by Li Shangyin: "Stealing a mirror at the age of eight, but drawing a long eyebrow" represents a talented, ambitious and idealistic person who cherishes his talent and ambition. But Wen Tingyun doesn't just talk about painting moth eyebrows. He said, "I'm too lazy to draw a moth eyebrow." Does that make sense? Appreciation of poetry cannot be taken at face value. When we read poetry, we should go beyond appearances and see a spiritual essence. From Qu Yuan's love for beauty, we can see a good mood of love in spiritual quality. The function of excellent literary works is to cultivate readers' love for beauty.
The second half of the song says, "Look at the flowers before and after the mirror, and the flowers are opposite to the flowers." When the woman put on the flowers, she took a picture of the front and rear mirrors. From every angle, we can see whether the position of the flower is appropriate and beautiful. Hua Yan Jing once said that you should not think that you are small and weak in the relationship between people and between people. Everyone's words and deeds, in the world of all beings, have different chain reactions. When "multiple mirrors are photographed together", there will be many shadows, and it will be "endless". So look at the flowers before and after the mirror, and you will see the flowers facing the flowers. Flowers are beautiful and people are beautiful. From getting up and dressing to finishing dressing, a woman's own final measurement is a wonderful peak of completion. The word "photo" shows an endless and energetic appearance. Moreover, this spirit of self-decoration coincides with the tradition of Qu Yuan's Lisao, which takes the beauty of clothes as a metaphor. This is why Zhang Huiyan said that "according to flowers" is the first meaning of Li Sao.
The last two sentences are "embroidered Lolo's new posts, all of which are golden partridges". The word "Hou" is connected with the word "Hou". There are two possibilities for the word "post", one of which means ironing. Yan is a short coat, Luo is the texture of the material, and embroidery is the pattern on Luo. Another may mean "sticking embroidery". Embroidery is similar to mending flowers. Cut a piece of material to subsidize it, and then sew it around the clipped pattern with needle and thread. The pillars are embroidered with pairs of golden partridges. China often uses fish and birds-flounder and mandarin duck-to represent a happy and beautiful life, and to represent a person who has found an ideal object and destination. And this word is about a lonely woman's lonely mood that no one appreciates. Therefore, the last sentence, "The new post embroidered Luo Luo, both golden partridges" is a contrast, reminding her of what she is pursuing. This is an ideal of pairs, and pairs of clothes are the contrast of her lonely life. In western words, it is irony, a kind of irony.
There are many pillows in the water curtain. The warm fragrance makes people dream, the mandarin duck brocade, the Ruyan Liu on the river, and the waning moon flying geese. The long and soft willow branches by the river, just sprouting, look hazy, like shrouded in a mist. When spring comes, geese begin to fly north, geese fly and the moon in the sky disappears.
The beauty of literary words is not only the beauty of images, but also the beauty of sounds. China's classical poetry is the most exquisite and graceful use of China's language and writing. Pillow and brocade are all sounding words, all of which are tortuous and upward sounds, and there is a feeling of flying far away, which is manifested in the tone of the words. Smoke, sky, two very light rhymes, appear light and ethereal. There is also a feature, that is, jumping back and forth. In front of me is a bedroom with a water curtain and a sleeping pillow, and a picture of a tapestry of mandarin ducks, dreaming and suddenly coming to Ruyan Liu on the river. This is a jump. In the second half of the song, "lotus root is light in autumn, and people are better than uneven scissors", which is the sound of teeth. Needless to say, the form of people winning is uneven, but it is shown in the voice of reading.
Glass pillows and water mirror curtains set off each other. They are all exquisite, crystal clear, bright and cold. What kind of person should I be in this state? When the ancients wrote about beautiful women, they often didn't say how beautiful the beauty itself was, but first wrote about how beautiful the background of the beauty was. Just like Li Shangyin's poem: "When twelve songs are finished, the rhinoceros turns to dust, and the jade turns to cold." She burns incense in the room, which is warm and smells like a censer, and there is incense on the bedding. Under this warm and fragrant sensory stimulation, it is conceivable that dreams are sweet and beautiful.
Ruyan Liu on the River describes the scenery along the river in early spring. In early spring and February, the willows have just sprouted and are green, "the grass is far but not near". Sometimes the willow color is close in the distance, but it is not there, like a haze. In this scene, "geese fly to the waning moon", and in spring, Hongyan begins to fly north. There are geese flying in the sky, and the waning moon is slanting west. Mr. Yu Pingbo said in the poem "Poetry": "The curtain is so clear, the river is as flat as the other." A thousand years later, whether you understand or not, whether you understand or not, understanding is a good word. "Just like the film pays attention to montage, when two shots overlap, a new meaning and a new realm appear immediately.
"Lotus roots are light in autumn, and people win uneven scissors." Lotus root silk refers to a very fine silk fabric and a kind of clothing. Lotus root silk was dyed in autumn, which I thought was a color between yellow and green. Lotus root silk is the material and autumn color is the color. This is another characteristic of Wen. Did he tell you that it was a lotus root skirt? No. Did he tell you that it was a lotus root silk skirt? No, either. It is just a narrative that directly appeals to the senses. What is the victory of mankind? "Chronicle of Jingchu Age" records: "People cut and pick every day to win". That is, women cut out colorful patterns and wear them on their heads on People's Day.
It is said behind that "the sideburns are red, and the Hosta has the upper hand". These two sentences are often ridiculed by Wen, saying that he doesn't understand. Hong Xiang is a flower. Red is the color of flowers, and fragrance is the smell of flowers. This is an ambiguous sentence. You can put flowers in the middle of your hair and separate your temples with flowers. Another possibility is to put flowers on both sides, separated by hair, and bright red flowers on both sides. All in all, it is the feeling of "seeing each other". And the next sentence "Hosta has the upper hand" is the word "wind", which makes the whole image come alive. The head of the Hosta was stirred by the wind, and the banner lived, and so did the flowers.
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