The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.
Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!
Khan looked at the clouds in the north and killed the altar of Madden several times.
The son of the Han family is now in SHEN WOO, and he refuses to go home with his relatives.
translate
The Yellow River seems to rush out from the white clouds, and Yumenguan is hanging alone in the mountains.
Why do you want to use Qiangdi to play sad willow songs to complain that spring has not come? It turns out that the spring breeze around Yumenguan can't blow!
Turkic leaders came to the Central Plains to look for relatives, looking north at Fuyundui shrine, recalling that they had killed horses here many times in the past, and then attacked the Tang Dynasty, which was quite ambitious.
But now SHEN WOO, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, is dignified and refuses to live in peace with the Turks, so he has to return in vain.
To annotate ...
Liangzhou Ci: Also known as Chusai. Lyrics for Liangzhou, a popular song at that time. There are Liangzhou songs in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry (Volume 79) and modern lyrics, and Yuan Yue is quoted as saying: "Liangzhou, Gongdiao Song, Governor of Kaiyuan Liangfu Guo Zhiyun, Chinese and Western." Liangzhou, subordinate to Longyou Road in Tang Dynasty, is located in Guzang County (now Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province).
Looking far: looking far to the west. Far above the Yellow River: Looking at the source of the Yellow River. "River" means "sand" and "far" means "straight".
Lonely city: refers to the lonely castle guarding the border. Qi: an ancient unit of length. Together, it is equivalent to seven or eight feet (about 265,438+03 cm or 264cm).
Qiang people: The ancient Qiang people were mainly distributed in Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan. Qiangdi is a A Qiang musical instrument, which belongs to cross-wind wind music. Why: Why? Liu: The song "Folding Willow". In ancient poetry, willow is often used as a metaphor for farewell.
Degree: Yes. Yumenguan: It was set by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was named after the introduction of jade articles from the Western Regions. Therefore, Xiaofangcheng, located in the northwest of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, was the main road leading to the western regions in ancient times. During the Six Dynasties, the site moved eastward to the vicinity of Shuangta Fort in Anxi.
Khan: an ancient title for the Xiongnu monarch, referring to the Turkic leader. Fuyun Team: The name of the temple is now Wuyuan, Inner Mongolia.
Come: auxiliary words, nonsense.
Spring breeze: some warm care or some image of human spring.
Distinguish and appreciate
one
When the poet first arrived in Liangzhou, facing the vast scene of the Yellow River and the border town, he listened to the song "Broken Willow" and wrote this poem, expressing the feelings of the soldiers guarding the border who missed their hometown.
The first two sentences of this poem describe the vast and magnificent scenery in the northwest. The first sentence captures the special feeling of looking at the Yellow River from the bottom (swimming) to the top (swimming) from near and far, and depicts the moving picture of "the Yellow River is far above the white clouds": the surging Yellow River flies to the clouds like a ribbon. Writing is really a leap of thought, and the weather is open. Another famous poem of the poet, "And the Ocean Drains Gold River", is viewed from the opposite angle, from top to bottom; Li Bai's "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of the Sky" is different from this sentence. Although it is also about looking at the upper reaches, the line of sight is from far to near. "All rivers run into the sea" and "How the water of the Yellow River moves out of the sky" are deliberately exaggerating the style of the Yellow River, showing dynamic beauty. "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds", the direction of which is opposite to that of the river, which is intended to highlight its long-standing leisure state and show a static beauty. At the same time, it shows the vast and magnificent scenery of the border, which is worthy of being a strange sentence throughout the ages.
The second sentence "Isolated City, Wan Ren Mountain" appears as an isolated city on the frontier, which is one of the main images of this poem and belongs to the main part of the "picture scroll". "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds" is its background, and "Wan Ren Mountain" is its near background. Against the background of the mountains in Yuanchuan, it is helpful to see that the city is in a dangerous terrain and lonely situation. "Pian" is an idiom in Tang poetry, which is often associated with "loneliness" (such as "a lonely sail" and "a lonely cloud"). Here it is equivalent to "a seat", but this word has an additional meaning of "thin". A lonely city like Mobei, of course, is not a residential area, but a fortress on the edge, suggesting that readers have husbands in their poems. As a vocabulary of classical poetry, "Lonely City" has a specific meaning. It is often associated with the sadness of leaving people, such as "The sunset in Kuifu ancient city is oblique, and every Beidou Wangjing is in China" (Du Fu's Autumn Prosperity), "Knowing the Han people far away makes Xiao Guan go out and worry about seeing the sunset in the old city" (Wang Wei's Send Wei to Comment on Things) and so on. Firstly, the image of "lonely city" in the second sentence is introduced to prepare for further describing the psychology of husband recruitment in the next two sentences.
"Why do Qiang people complain about willow trees?" In such a desolate environment, I suddenly heard the sound of Qiangdi, and the tune I played happened to be "Folding Willow", which could not help but evoke the homesickness of the soldiers guarding the border. Because "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, the ancients often gave them as souvenirs when they left. There is "Folding Yang Liuzhi" in the Yuefu of the Northern Dynasties: "If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will fight against Yang Liuzhi. Playing the flute on the bench is for fear of killing travelers. " Mention that pedestrians break willows when they walk. This custom of folding willows to bid farewell was particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. The soldiers were very sad when listening to sad music, and the poet didn't know how to comfort the soldiers in the frontier. He can only say, why does Qiangdi always play the sad song "Broken Willow"? Spring breeze can't blow at Yumen Pass. Since there is no spring breeze, where can there be a willow to fold? This sentence contains resentment, but it also contains a helpless tone. Homesickness is unbearable, but the responsibility of defending the border is heavier. The phrase "why complain" seems to be relieved, but it also twists and turns to express that kind of complaint, which makes the meaning of the whole poem more profound. The spring breeze here also implies the emperor, because the emperor's care can't reach here, so the soldiers outside Yumenguan are in such a lonely and bad situation. The poet euphemistically expressed the emperor's complaint that he did not care about the life and death of the border soldiers guarding Yumenguan and could not sympathize with them.
This is a seven-character quatrain with a bleak and tragic style. Although full of complaints, but not negative and decadent, showing the broad-minded people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The use of contrast in poetry and prose makes the expression of poetry more tense. The language is euphemistic and accurate, and the expression of thoughts and feelings is just right.
Secondly,
This poem reflects the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the northern minority regimes, and involves some historical events in which Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty handled the Turkic issue. In the Kaiyuan period (the first year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, 713-741), the Turkish leader killed Ceng Qi and Xuanzong as his sons, and Xuanzong allowed it. He also wanted to marry the princess, but Xuanzong only gave it generously and was not allowed to kiss. Later, Xiao Sha asked Yuan Zhen, the Tang envoy, who said, "Since Khan is the son of the emperor, is father and son a marriage?" Later, Sha Xiao sent his minister Xie Lifa to contribute to North Korea. Jie Lifa and Xuanzong shoot arrows and hunt. Sometimes the rabbit starts in front of the imperial horse, and Xuanzong draws a bow and shoots arrows, and wins at once. Jie Li dismounted and danced with the rabbit, saying, "Saint SHEN WOO is magnificent, chinese odyssey." Later, Xuanzong hosted a banquet for him and sent him a generous gift. Finally, he was not allowed to kiss. The last two sentences in the poem praise Tang Xuanzong's literary martial arts through the subtle changes in the psychological activities of Turkish leaders, indicating that his strength is enough to shock the surrounding ethnic minorities, resolutely act according to their unreasonable demands, and will never compromise with them for peace.
This poem eulogizes the rationality and restraint of the Tang dynasty in dealing with ethnic relations from the side, and reflects the strength of the Tang dynasty through the disappointment of the Turkish leaders in seeking relatives, which is full of national pride. ?
Wang Zhihuan?
Wang Zhihuan (688-742) was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His name is Ji Ling, Han nationality, from Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province). Bold and uninhibited, he often mourned swordsmanship, and his poems were sung by musicians at that time. At that time, he often sang with Gao Shi and Wang Changling, and was famous for describing the frontier fortress scenery. Representative works include Heron Pavilion and Liangzhou Ci. "The mountain covers the day, and the sea drains the golden river. But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. "This is the eternal swan song.