A berth on the Qinhuai River
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty Author: Du Mu
Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.
Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river.
Haze pervades the vast cold river, and the bright moon shines on the white sand house. In the evening, I parked my boat by Qinhuai River, near the restaurant. It seems that Jinling Genv doesn't know what the hatred of national subjugation is, but he is still singing the lewd song "Flowers in Yushu Back Garden" on the other side.
Note (1) is selected from the fourth volume of Von Fan Chuan's Collected Works. (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1978 Edition). Qinhuai River, that is, Qinhuai River, originates in the mountainous area between damao mountain in Jurong, Jiangsu Province and Lushan in Lishui East, and flows into the Yangtze River via Nanjing. According to legend, it was dug by Qin Shihuang during his southern tour to dredge the Huaihe River, so it was called Qinhuai River. (2) [Berth] berthing. (3) [Business Girl] A singer who makes a living by singing. (4) [backyard flower] The abbreviation of the song "yushu backyard flower". Emperor Chen () of the Southern Dynasties indulged in excesses and wrote this song for the sake of having fun with the beautiful women in the harem, which eventually led to national subjugation, so later generations called this song "the voice of national subjugation".
Qinhuai, the Qinhuai River, originated in the northeast of Lishui, Jiangsu, and crossed Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) to join the Yangtze River. From the Six Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Qinhuai River in Jinling has always been a place for rich and powerful people to have fun. This poem is a masterpiece of the poet who touched the scene when he stayed at Qinhuai overnight. In the sigh of the land of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, there are feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
This poem is also skillful in the use of language. In the first sentence, the words "smoke", "water", "moon" and "sand" are connected in two words to form a hazy and cold water night scene, which renders the atmosphere and reveals sadness in the gloom. At the end of this article, I began to think about the past with the rich connotation of "near the restaurant". Qinhuai area was a famous amusement place in the Six Dynasties, and there were many restaurants, so the endless prosperity of song and dance banquets in the past was actually included in the poet's thoughts at this time. The last two sentences are caused by a poem "Flowers in the backyard", which expresses the poet's indignation at the "businesswoman" and indirectly satirizes the powerful people who don't pay attention to state affairs and are obsessed with money, that is, the rulers who lead a drunken life. The word "still singing" skillfully combines history with reality, which not only hurts time, but also is euphemistic and profound. Shen Deqian, a critic in Qing Dynasty, praised this poem as a "swan song", and the word "Jude" expressed the author's critical meaning and anxiety. Guan Shiming even called it a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Qinhuai River is a bustling place of singing and dancing in Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. The poet moored the boat in the middle of the night, and from the other side came the song of yushu backyard flower, a merchant girl. Listening to the voice of national subjugation, I can't help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of the times. The last two sentences deeply condemn the rulers who only know how to attract songs and dances, buy laughter and pursue happiness, but do not take historical scenery as a mirror. This poem is a blend of scenery and scenes, and the hazy scenery contrasts with the faint sadness in the poet's heart.