In 1913, he published his first collection of poems, Stone, which immediately brought him high honor and made him among the famous Russian poets. He has repeatedly recited his poems in different literary activities.
During the period before the October Revolution, he got to know Zvetayeva and Voloshin, and Mandelshtam visited their homes in Crimea many times. In 1918, Mandelshtam's life was very unstable, sometimes in Moscow, sometimes in Petrograd, and then in Fleece (тиилис). It never took him long to get to one place, and then he hurried to another. Chukovsky once wrote: "... not only did he never have his own property, but he didn't even have a long-term neighbor-he lived a life almost like a tramp ... I know his greatest weakness is his lack of living ability. He is such a person: he never creates conditions for his own life, and he lives outside all systems. "
The 192s was the most intense and colorful period in his literary career. He published a new collection of poems, Elegy (1922), The Second Book (1923) and Poems (1928), and he continued to publish a series of articles about literature, About Poetry (1928). He also published two collections of essays, The Noise of the Times (1925) and Egyptian Stamps (1928). He published several children's books, Two Trams, Kerosene Stove (1925) and Balloon (1926). In addition, he spent a lot of time in translation. Because of his excellent command of French, German and English, he has translated a large number of prose works of foreign contemporary masters with ease, and also because he attaches great importance to poetry translation, so his poetry translation has reached a high artistic level. In the 193s, the public persecution of poets had begun, and it became more and more difficult to publish works, but translation was spared, thus the poets protected themselves. He translated 1 books during this period. In the autumn of 1933, he was arrested in May of 1934 because he wrote a poem "We live without feeling the country under our feet …". Thanks to Bukharin's protection, the poet was lenient-he was exiled to Cherdeen (чердынь-нааме) on the Kama River. He spent two weeks here, got sick and was taken to the hospital. After recovery, he was sent to Voronezh (вороне) to work in newspapers, magazines and radio stations. After his sentence, he returned to Moscow, but the government banned him from living here, so he had to move to Kalinin again. He got a permit to take a vacation in a nursing home, and he and his wife came to Samarkand (саматиха), where he was arrested again. He was sentenced to five years in prison for engaging in counter-revolutionary activities. He was exiled to the Far East. On December 27th, 1938, when Mandelshtam was transferred to the detention center, he died of illness in the hospital shed of the Second Stream (втораяречка) (now in Vladivostok). Where the body is buried is still unknown.
when talking about Mandelshtam, F. shklovsky said, "This is a strange, hard-pressed, unlucky and very talented man!"