li po
Moonlight before bed,
People suspect that there is frost on the ground.
Looking up at the moon,
Keep your head down and think about your hometown.
[Notes]
1. Silent night thinking: thinking caused by silent night.
2. Doubt: doubt and think.
3. Look up: Look up.
[Brief analysis]
This poem is about the feeling of missing my hometown on a silent moonlit night.
The first two sentences of this poem, "There is such bright light at the foot of my bed, is there frost already?" , is the poet in a foreign country under the specific environment of illusion. A person who lives alone in a foreign country and is busy during the day can still dilute his sadness. However, in the dead of night, the waves of missing his hometown will inevitably surge in his heart. Not to mention on a moonlit night, not to mention on a frosty autumn night. "Could there have been frost?" The word "doubt" in the poem vividly expresses that the poet woke up from his sleep and mistook the Leng Yue in front of his bed for the thick frost on the ground. The word "frost" is better used, which not only describes the bright moonlight, but also expresses the cold of the season, and also sets off the loneliness and desolation of the poet wandering abroad.
The last two sentences of the poem, "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, then sinking, and I suddenly remembered my home", which deepened my homesickness through the description of the action mode. The word "hope" takes care of the word "doubt" in the previous sentence, which shows that the poet has changed from a daze to a sober one. He stared at the moon eagerly and couldn't help thinking that his hometown was under the bright moon at the moment. So naturally, I came to the conclusion that "I sank back and suddenly thought of home". The action of "bowing your head" depicts the poet completely lost in thought. And the word "miss" left a rich imagination space for readers: the old brothers, relatives and friends in that hometown, the mountains and rivers, the grass and trees in that hometown, the lost years, the past … are all in my thoughts. A word "Xiang" contains too much content.
This five-character quatrain vividly reveals the poet's inner activities from "doubt" to "hope" and then to "thinking", and vividly outlines a picture of homesickness on a moonlit night. The language of poetry is fresh, simple and clear; Express casually, in one go. But this idea is tortuous and profound. The content of poetry is easy to understand, but poetry is endless.
Hu Yinglin, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, said, "Taibai's quatrains are just words, and the so-called people who have no intention of working have no job at all" (Poem Internal Compilation). This poem "Thinking about a Quiet Night" can be said to be an excellent interpretation of the artistic features of Li Bai's poems, such as "nature" and "no work and no heart".
Gulangyu Travel Notes (Excerpt)
li po
I didn't know the moon when I was young,
Call it a white jade plate.
I also doubt Yao Taijing,
Fly at the end of Qingyun.
[Notes]
Yaotai: The supposed place where immortals live.
[Modern Translation]
I didn't know the moon when I was a child.
Call the bright moon a white jade plate.
I also suspect that it is the fairy mirror of Yaotai.
Flying in the clouds in the night sky.
[explanation]
Gulangyu is an ancient poem in Yuefu, and only the first four sentences of the poem are extracted here. With the help of romanticism, rich imagination and myths and legends, the poet showed his innocent and beautiful understanding of the moon in his childhood. Comparing White Jade Plate with Yaotai Mirror, the poet not only describes the shape of the moon, but also writes a bright and lovely moonlight, revealing an amazing childishness in novelty. The word "shout" in the second sentence and the word "doubt" in the third sentence vividly show the innocence of children. These four poems, like a perfect quatrain, are concise in language and interesting in metaphor, which is very memorable.
Wanglushan Waterfall
li po
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
[Notes]
1. Lushan Mountain: Located in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, it is a famous scenic spot in China.
2. Incense burner: that is, incense burner peak, in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, named after it is shaped like incense burner and often covered with clouds in the mountains.
3. Hanging Qianchuan: Hanging on the water in front.
4. Nine days: According to ancient legends, the sky has nine weights, and nine days is the highest level of the sky.
[Brief analysis]
This is a landscape poem written by the poet Li Bai when he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain at the age of about fifty. This poem vividly depicts the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall and reflects the poet's infinite love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.
The first sentence is "Purple smoke from the Rizhao incense burner". "Incense burner" refers to the incense burner peak of Lushan Mountain. This peak is in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, with a sharp and round shape, like a censer. Because of the waterfall, water vapor transpiration, in the bright sunshine, as if there is an indomitable spirit incense burner, purple smoke rises in Ran Ran. A word "life" brings the scene of smoke rising to life. This sentence set a magnificent background for the waterfall, and also rendered the atmosphere for the following direct description of the waterfall.
The second sentence is "overlooking a thousand waterfalls in Sichuan". The word "overlooking the waterfall" takes care of the title "overlooking the Lushan waterfall". "Hanging thousands of rivers" means that the waterfall is like a huge white practice, hanging straight from the cliff to the river ahead. The word "hang" changed from dynamic to static, and Visha wrote about the waterfall in the distance.
The first two sentences of the poem outline a panoramic view from the big picture: purple smoke fills the air at the top of the mountain, white practice hangs in the mountain, and rapids rush down the mountain, forming a magnificent picture.
The third sentence "Flying down three thousands of feet" is a detailed description of the waterfall at close range. "Flying Flow" shows that waterfalls come out in the air and spew out. "Straight down" not only describes the steepness of the rock wall, but also describes the rapidity of the water flow. "Three thousands of feet" is an exaggeration, describing the towering mountains.
In this way, the poet felt that the majestic momentum of the waterfall had not been fully displayed, so he went on to write a sentence, "It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." It is said that this waterfall "flew down", which makes people suspect that the Milky Way poured down from nine days. A "doubt" is ethereal and lively. If it is true, it makes people daydream, which adds to the magical color of the waterfall.
This poem is very successful in metaphor, exaggeration and imagination, with unique conception, vivid language and bright washing. Su Dongpo appreciates this poem very much, saying that "the emperor sent the Milky Way to fall into the pulse, and there were fallen immortals in ancient times." The "immortal" is Li Bai. Looking at Lushan Waterfall is indeed an example of body description and lyricism.
A gift for Wang Lun.
li po
Li Bai will want to travel by boat,
Suddenly I heard singing on the shore.
Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet,
Not as good as Wang Lun.
[Notes]
1. Wang Lun: Li Bai made generous friends in Taohuatan. This poem is dedicated to him.
2. Step on the song: while singing, beat the time with your feet.
3. Taohuatan: The name of the water pool is in the southwest of Jingxian County, Anhui Province.
[Brief analysis]
When Li Bai plays in Taohuatan, Jingxian County, he often visits Wang Lun, a villager. When he left, Wang Lun came to see me off, so Li Bai wrote this poem to leave. This poem expresses Li Bai's deep affection for Wang Lun, an ordinary villager.
The first two narratives: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard singing on the shore." Li Bai is going to leave by boat. Wang Lun came to see me off with a group of villagers. They walked arm in arm and sang. Considering "desire" and "sudden smell", he wrote the poet's surprise model. "Will and desire" is the time when the ship is ready to go; "Suddenly smell" means unexpected. Maybe Wang Lun gave a farewell dinner last night, which means something can't be delivered the next day. But now he has not only come, but also brought a group of villagers to see him off. Why not make the poet excited! What language is used to express it? The Peach Blossom Pond is nearby, so the poet has a handy hand to compare the depth of the Peach Blossom Pond with Wang Lun's affection for himself. "Peach Blossom Lake is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me." Shen Deqian commented in Qing Dynasty: "It is a common saying that Wang Lun's love is better than thousands of feet's. The wonderful scene is just in a transition. " Indeed, the beauty of these two sentences is that the word "less than" connects two unrelated things. Taking thousands of feet Peach Blossom Pool as a reference, it is both vivid and intriguing to turn intangible friendship into tangible. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship?
Tang Ruxun in the Ming Dynasty said in the Interpretation of Tang Poems: "Lun, the ear of a village, how can it be near white?" It's time to make wine, and it's time to say goodbye to our ancestors. Our feelings are solid and extraordinary. It is too white, unreal and convenient, so it is eternal. "This comment is very appropriate.
Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain
Lipper
Birds fly high,
Lonely clouds go to leisure alone.
Looking at each other tirelessly,
Only Jingting Mountain.
[Notes]
1. Jingting Mountain: Located in the north of Xuancheng County, Anhui Province, formerly known as Zhaoting Mountain, with quiet and beautiful scenery. The Old Jingting Pavilion on the mountain is the chanting place of Xie Tiao in Nanqi.
2. Leisure: quiet.
[Brief analysis]
This poem was written by Li Bai when he left Chang 'an and wandered for ten years to Xuancheng. In the long-term wandering life, he tasted the coldness of the world and added a sense of loneliness. However, his proud and stubborn personality remains the same. During this period, he wrote a lot of poems to relieve his depression by wandering around immortals and drinking, and also wrote a lot of poems to express his feelings and feelings. This poem shows that the poet feels lonely in real life and is comforted in the embrace of nature.
The first two sentences, "Birds fly high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone", reveal a sense of loneliness. Many birds in the sky flew away and disappeared without a trace; Even the only solitary cloud refused to go to stop for a minute, and floated away alone. The mountain was particularly quiet. In the poet's view, everything in the world hates him and leaves him. The words "fatigue", "loneliness", "independence" and "idleness" show the poet's strong sense of loneliness. This is precisely the mental outlook of many literati with ideals and talents and political oppression in feudal society.
Three or four sentences, "Never tire of seeing it, only Jingting Mountain", personify Jingting Mountain in a romantic way. Although the bird flew away, the poet didn't go back, and he didn't want to go back. He stared at the quiet and beautiful Jingting Mountain for a long time and felt that Jingting Mountain seemed to be looking at himself affectionately. There is no need to say anything between them, and they have reached emotional communication. "Never tire of two things" shows the emotional affinity between the poet and Jingting Mountain. "Only" does not mean too little, but a kind of pride and satisfaction of "knowing one thing in life is enough".
Yellow Crane Tower —— Meng Haoran's farewell on his way to Yangzhou
li po
My old friend resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower,
Fireworks fell in Yangzhou in March.
Lonely sails, distant shadows, blue sky,
Only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
[Notes]
1. Yellow Crane Tower: Yellow Chicken located in Sheshan, Wuchang, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is said that there are immortals riding yellow cranes here, so it is called Yellow Crane Tower.
Meng Haoran: Li Bai's friend.
3. one: go.
4. Guangling: namely Yangzhou.
5. Old friend: old friend, here refers to Meng Haoran.
6. Fireworks: refers to gorgeous spring scenery.
7. Everyone: Disappear.
8. just look: just look.
9. Sky: the horizon.
[Brief analysis]
Li Bai is a poet who loves nature and likes to make friends. His book According to a Constant Habit in My Life covers almost the whole of China, leaving many works praising the beauty of nature and friendship. Farewell to Meng Haoran on the Yellow Crane Tower is a famous sentence that has been sung all the time. This poem was written by Li Bai when he was traveling in Sichuan. It describes the poet's infinite attachment when he bid farewell to his friends, and also describes the magnificence of the motherland.
The opening sentence of the poem, "An old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west", closely follows the theme and points out the place of farewell and his relationship with the person who was sent away. The word "old friend" illustrates the profound friendship between the two poets. "Yellow Crane Tower" is a world-famous scenic spot, a place where poets hang out and meet, and also a legendary place where immortals ascend to heaven by crane. Now two elegant poets say goodbye here, which is more poetic and romantic. The second sentence, "Fireworks will descend in Yangzhou in March", followed by the first sentence. Write down the time of seeing off and the place where the person who was sent will go. "Yangzhou" is a metropolis in the southeast, which has been prosperous since ancient times. "March" is a season of beautiful spring and blooming flowers. The poet decorated "March" with "fireworks", which not only vividly wrote the gorgeous face of Yangchun, but also reminded people of the prosperous and peaceful scene of Yangzhou with flowers and embroidered curtains. The place where Meng Haoran is going is really a good place and the time is right. Li Bai naturally envies his friend's trip very much. The beautiful and vivid poem "Fireworks in March in Yangzhou" expresses the poet's inner happiness and yearning. However, Li Bai is also an emotional poet. When a friend sails, the feeling of parting arises spontaneously. From Li Taibai's poems, we can see that there are many poems between Li Bai and Meng Haoran. In a letter to Meng Haoran, Li Bai wrote: "Master, I sincerely salute you. Your reputation has risen to the sky. In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now, whitehead. " It can be seen how much Li Bai admires Meng Haoran and how deep their friendship is.
The third and fourth sentences of the poem are exactly the farewell feelings of Li Bai when he bid farewell to his poetry friends. "Lonely sails sail in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." On the surface, these two poems are all about scenery, but in fact they have distinct poet images. "Lonely Sail" does not mean that there is only one sailboat on the vast Yangtze River, but that all the poet's attention and feelings are focused on the sailboat that his friends are riding. The poet saw off at the Yellow Crane Tower, watching his friend's boat with sails drifting away, getting smaller and blurred, leaving only a little shadow, and finally disappearing at the junction of water and sky. The poet still stood for a long time, watching the river flow to the sky, as if entrusting his affection to the river, accompanying the accompanying boat and sending his friend to his destination. What a profound friendship these two poems express, but the word "friendship" can't be found in them. The poet skillfully pinned his deep affection for parting on the dynamic description of natural scenery, and completely integrated his feelings with the scenery, which really made him memorable.
In addition, in the rhyme of poetry, the poet also ingeniously chose the melodious rhyme of the three tones of "Lou", "Zhou" and "Liu", and recited it in a lingering way. This is very consistent with the distant scene of solitary sails, the river flowing to the sky and the poet's longing and affectionate expression. In addition, the language is beautiful and natural, and the artistic conception is rich and open. This poem really makes people like it more and more. No wonder it has been sung through the ages.
A Qing poet Shen Deqian commented on the artistic features of Li Taibai's seven-character quatrains in Tang Poems: "The seven-character quatrains are close to feelings, and more importantly, they are hidden. Just looking at the prospect, there is an implication in speaking, which makes people stay away from it, too white and awkward. " Li Taibai's four wonders are really unique in poetry.
Zaofa baidicheng
li po
Say goodbye to Bai Di,
Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.
Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait kept crying.
The canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
[Notes]
1. Bai Di: Dongbaidi Mountain in fengjie county, Sichuan Province, with Bai Di on it, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
2. Jiangling: jiangling county, Hubei Province, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
3. Crow: Bark.
[Brief analysis]
This is a seven-character quatrain that has been told through the ages.
In the spring of 758 AD, Li Bai was exiled to Yelang (present-day western Guizhou) because of his involvement in Li Lin, the shogunate of Wang Yong, and was pardoned only when he arrived in Baidicheng. On the way back to Jiangling, I wrote this poem, expressing the poet's happy mood.
In the first sentence, the poet recalled that the sailing time was in the morning and the place was Baidicheng. "Caiyun" is about the height of Baidicheng. Colorful clouds blend with the poet's joy of forgiveness. The second sentence describes the poet's wish and the speed of the ship, which takes only one day to reach Jiangling. The poet used exaggerated techniques to write the trend of a long river running thousands of miles, and at the same time expressed the mood of the poet "anxious to return".
The third and fourth sentences vividly describe the rapid driving of canoes. "The apes on both sides of the strait are crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man." The cries of apes on both sides of the strait have not stopped, but the brisk boat has passed Qian Shan Wanling. These two sentences are very clever rhetorical devices: the poet writes the ape first, then the canoe, and connects "can't cry" with "crossing Chung Shan Man" with a word "you", and uses the echo of the ape to set off the rapidity of the canoe. The poet's desire to return to the East is permeated with the bright rhythm of poetry.
The whole poem is lyrical about the scenery, lively and lively, expressing relaxed and happy feelings, reaching the point of blending scenes.