Brief introduction of Li he
Li He lived in the Tang Dynasty and was a famous poet. 79 1, from Luoyang, Henan. Li He is a down-and-out aristocratic child, and Li Jiaben is a noble family. His distant ancestor was Li Liang, the uncle of Li Yuan, who was called the King of Zheng. Later, when Wu Zetian ascended the throne, Tang Gaozu's descendants were slaughtered. By Li Jinsu's generation, it was already a scam. Li Jinsu is Li He's father, and the Li family has moved to Changgu. But Li He is still very proud of this distant relationship.
In 768, Li He's father died, leaving only Li Mu and three children to live in Long Valley. Since then, the only daughter has been married, and life is still hard. Li He and his brother traveled thousands of miles to make a living, which shows how miserable Li He was in his early years.
Li He looks strange, as thin as a bamboo pole. However, Li He is very clever and has a high literary talent. He was able to write poetry at the age of seven. He Xiaoli's poems won the admiration of Han Yu, which made him famous. Li He, on the other hand, enjoys it, studies hard, rides donkeys for inspiration during the day, tidies up at night and works hard. 15-year-old Li's reputation is already comparable to that of Li Yi.
Li He's career was bumpy and suffered setbacks repeatedly, which hit him hard. Finally, he became a gift giver and a do-it-yourself sesame official. After three years as an official, I didn't get promoted, but this time I gained a lot and learned a lot. Most of his works are based on life, or describe his own mood, or satirize reality.
Characteristics of poetry
Li Heshi was influenced by Chu Ci, Gu Yuefu, Qi Lianggong, Du Li, Han Yu, etc., and formed a very unique style through his own casting and bitterness. The greatest feature of Shi Li's poems is rich and strange imagination and gorgeous and strange language. Changji wrote to Tianhe and Youyue Palace; Talking about ancient and modern times and exploring ghosts and gods, his imagination is magical, magnificent and gorgeous.
Changji deliberately honed his language to make it fantastic, concise, steep and colorful. There are many ingenious, strange and novel languages in his works. For example, strange words such as He Kou Cup Day (drinking by the King of Qin), Walking Clouds to Learn the Sound of Water (a ballad in the sky), and "Jade wheel rolls with wet light" (a dream of heaven) abound. It can be said that "new" is the pursuit of Changji's era, especially Han Meng's poetry school represented by his mentor and friend Han Yu. He also has many vivid and easy-to-understand works, such as Persuading Love, Five Satiries, Beijing, Mocking Teenagers and so on. Like Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi, they are called "Shi Gui".
representative works
Guo, Meng Tian, Yanmen Taishouxing, drinking, drinking, folk songs, etc.
Li He's Life
Li He is a poet with great artistic personality in the history of China ancient literature. He is famous for Leng Yan's fantastic and profound poetic style, refining words and expressing his feelings, and he is determined to win. He is unique among the strange rising factions, which fascinates future generations.
Li He was born in a declining royal family. When he was young, he was diligent and bitter. He often carries a broken bag when he goes out. When he got a sentence, he wrote it in his bag and wrote back a poem at dusk. His mother always said, "It is right for a son to speak his mind." After reading this, I am deeply touched by the hardships and bitterness contained in Jia Dao's "two sentences for three years, one song and two tears".
Li He is well-read and ambitious. However, due to the stale feudal taboo concept that his father's surname was Jin and Jin and Jin were homophonic, he could not take the Jinshi exam. He was unhappy, and eventually died young at the age of 27 because of his bad career and infirmity. But he left more than 240 poems to later generations.
Li He's poems are extraordinary in language and profound in content, which can be described as "beyond the reach of a pen". ("Gao Xuan Guo")
Li He's poems show his extraordinary talent, ambition and great ambition. When he was young, he longed for one day to "walk out of the ditch and look at the clouds." (15 of the History of Horse) He is eager to make contributions, and he is high-spirited and high-spirited. For example, "Why don't men take Wu Gou and accept fifty states in Guanshan? If you are a scholar Wan Huhou, please go to Lingyange temporarily. " ("Thirteen Poems in the South Garden" No.5) Its lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments can be compared with Xin Qiji's "Dao Xia, who is as determined as iron and tries his best to make up for the sky." If you want to find a way to carve old worms, Xiao Yue will hang a jade bow as a curtain. I don't see the three seas every year. Where can I cry about the autumn wind? (The Sixteenth Song of "Thirteen Poems in the South Garden") is full of Cen Can's boldness of vision that "fame only comes from horses, and it is really a hero who gives her husband". Li He's lofty aspirations and ambitions are also reflected in his active pursuit of "people are not poor in heart, but not angry with God" (crazy songs). Li He, who is eager to make contributions, also used poems to praise the heroic spirit of frontier soldiers, such as the song "The Birthday Star of Yanmen": "Dark clouds crush the city and the sun shines. In autumn, the loud bugle sounded; The soldier's blood became dark in the night. The red flag rolled half, and the reinforcements rushed to Xiao; The night frost is heavy and the drums are gloomy. Report your wish in Huang Jintai and take Yulong to your death. "
However, the ambitious Li He has no talent, and his ambition is hard to be rewarded. So he used poems to vent his grief and indignation: for example, "I am fascinated but can't recruit, and the cock is white." The worries of teenagers should be taken from the clouds. Who cares about sitting and sobbing in the cold? "("Xiang Jun "), this poem shouted out the grief and indignation of many strangers in the past and present. What a wonderful sentence "An old man knows nothing" ("To the Army") reminds me of Xu Wei, who "has no place to sell the dragon balls at the bottom of his pen". The poet's ideal was shattered again and again by the ruthless reality, which made him in a state of mental depression and depression. Li He's unique poet sensitivity made him more aware of the depression of life than ordinary people, and then chanted "There is a man in Chang 'an who has a rotten heart of twenty" (Gift) and "I am not proud of twenty, but worried about it like a withered orchid" (Song of Febrile Diseases).
Li He also wrote some poems about immortal dreams to express his confusion about life and his indignation at reality. Just like the famous song "Jin Tong Xian Han Fu": "The autumn wind in Maoling is like waves in the willows, and there is no news of Ma Si at night. The osmanthus tree in the painting column hangs autumn fragrance, and the soil in the thirty-six palaces is green. Wei Guan led the car thousands of miles, and the sour wind in Dongguan shot at his eyes. Empty sent John out of the palace door, thinking of your tears like lead water. Declining orchid to send guests to Xianyang Road, if the sky is old. It' s bleak to carry the plate alone, and the acropolis is low. " In fact, the sadness of the poet's moving away from his native land entrusted the poet's own "thought of serving the country." The tears of the bronze man and the melancholy of the declining orchid are as emotional as the poet, and the poem is full of strong romanticism. His Love in Heaven is full of the poet's strong indignation at the ruthless reality. The other is a fantasy poem "daydreaming": "The old rabbit and toad cry, and the cloud tower is half-open and the wall is white. The jade wheel rolled with dew and wet the surrounding light and shadow. Mo Yan in Guihua Lane once met the fairy of Lu 'an-E. Looking at the three sacred mountains under the vast sea, things are changing like horses. Looking at nine cigarettes in qi zhou, a glass of seawater is poured backwards. " The insignificance of the world and the rapidly changing scene the poet saw in the sky revealed the poet's anguish and confusion.
There are not many poems by Li He that reflect the sufferings of people's livelihood, but they are direct and profound. For example, "Song of the Old Lady Picking Jade": "Picking jade must be beautiful, which is lewd. I'm worried about the hungry dragon. Blue Creek is not innocent. The rain eats seeds at night, and the cuckoo is full of blood and tears. The water of the blue stream hates strangers, and the stream is hated for thousands of years. The fir and cypress are whistling in the wind and rain, and the rope is green at the foot of the spring. The village is cold and white, missing the baby, and hanging grass on the ancient stone platform. " The poet said that the dead are living, and the beautiful scenery is bitter, which shows the hard work and bitterness of the jade pickers to the fullest.
Li He's music poems are also superb and lifelike. For example, "Li Ping's Quotations": "Wu Si, Shu and Zhang Tong are in high autumn, and the empty mountains are not flowing. Jiang Yue wept for Motome's sadness, while Ping Li was playing China. Kunshan jade broken Fengming, hibiscus crying, Xianglan laughing. The cold light melts in front of the twelve gates, and the twenty-three silk moves the purple emperor. Nu Wa makes up the sky by refining stones, and the stones break the ground to stir up the autumn rain. Dream into the holy mountain to teach the gods, and the old fish dance with the waves. Wu sleeps in osmanthus trees and flies barefoot to wet cold rabbits. " The description of music in the poem, the essence of skills, the beautiful tune and strong appeal show the poet's unique artistic conception.
Li He's poems are rich in content and distinctive in artistic features, especially "illusory and absurd, secluded in Leng Yan".
First of all, Li He's imagination is rich and strange. For example, in Li Ping's poems, "The phoenix crows when the jade is broken in Kunshan, and the lotus crows when the vanilla laughs", "Dreaming of teaching immortals in the holy mountain, and dancing with the old fish in the waves", the imagination is strange, vivid and refreshing. Write the sun with "harmony knocking on the glass of the sun". In the song of Yang Sheng blue-and-white purple inkstone, I think of the soul-stirring of "Duanzhou stonemason is as clever as a god, stepping on the sky to sharpen a knife and chop ziyun". In the song of Golden Boy Immortal, I imagine the picture of "staying in the empty moon in Han Dynasty, remembering your tears like lead water".
Secondly, Li He has a special preference for cold and lonely images. He used a lot of words such as "Cry, Cry" to make it emotional, forming a tragic image group, such as "Lotus Crying and Xianglan Laughing" (Li Ping's Preface) and "Old Rabbit Crying" (The Old Lady Picks Jade Songs).
Furthermore, Li He's poems are often permeated with a tone of Leng Yan, in which writing red is "cold red, old red, worried red and smiling red" and writing green is "condensed green, cold green, decadent green and quiet green", which reflects a kind of Leng Yan and morbid beauty. For example, the poem "The Taishouxing of Yanmen" describes many colors, and the whole poem flashes with cold light.
Finally, in order to strengthen the appeal of poetic images, Li He also used a variety of figures of speech to choose words in a unique way of thinking, creating the artistic effect of visual, auditory and taste communication, that is, synaesthesia, such as the sour wind in Dongguan (Song of Golden Copper Immortal and Smoke Han), and the metaphor was more skillfully used, such as Kunshan Jade Broken Phoenix Crying (Li
With his peculiar imagination and strong color, Li He expressed his "thoughts of grief, indignation and loneliness". In the history of China literature, the style is unique and unique. Compared with Han Yu and Meng Jiao, Li He pays more attention to the excavation of inner world and subjective fantasy, so he has more outstanding poet temperament, and his poems become real poets' poems. Therefore, later generations honored Li He as a poetic genius.
However, the defects in Li He's poems are also obvious. Because of his narrow life and excessive pursuit of strangeness in art, some poems are eerie and obscure, so later generations have called him "too ghostly".
Unfortunately, Li He only lived for 27 years. If the poet's life span can be extended, his achievements will be even more admirable. It is said that when he died, he saw a man in red call him and said that the Emperor of Heaven was going to build a white jade building and asked him to write a commemorative article. His life on earth was frustrated. Perhaps, only in heaven can he display his talents!
Handed down boutique
outer city wall
Dreams in the sky
Yanmen satrap
To the hotel.
Li ping's quotations
Preface to Chinese songs in Jin Tong's Ci-Hua.
Qin Wang drinks alcohol.
The old lady picks jade songs.
Wild song
The painful days are short.
Twenty-three horse poems
Huangfushi in Miscellaneous Notes of Renheli
Five satirical poems
Song Yang Sheng's blue-and-white purple graphite
Luofushan people and Gepian
Songs in the sky
Haug
Qiu Lai.
Su Xiaoxiao tomb