The distant Altair, the bright river, the Han woman.
The slender hands are used to make tricks.
I can’t make up my mind all day long, crying like rain.
The river is clear and shallow, how far apart is it?
The water is full of water, and the pulse is speechless.
Morning Glory and Weaver Girl are originally the names of two constellations. Altair is "Hegu Er", located in the east of the Milky Way. Vega, also known as the "Sun of Heaven", is in the west of the Milky Way, opposite the Morning Glory. The folk tales about the morning glory and the weaver girl originated very early in China. "Poetry·Xiaoya·Dadong" has already written about the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl, but only as two stars. "Spring and Autumn Yuan Mingbao" and "Huainanzi·Zhen" began to say that the Weaver Girl was a goddess. In Cao Pi's "Yan Ge Xing", Cao Zhi's "Luo Shen Fu" and "Nine Odes", the morning glory and the Weaver Girl have become a couple. Cao Zhi's "Nine Odes" said: "The Morning Ox is the husband, and the Weaver Girl is the wife. The Star of the Morning Ox is placed next to the river drum, and it will be seen on July 7th." This was the clearest record at that time. The poem "Far Far Away from the Altair" in "Nineteen Ancient Poems" describes the separation of the Altair and the Weaver couple. It was written in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, slightly earlier than Cao Pi and Cao Zhi. Comparing this poem with the works of the Cao brothers, it can be seen that from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei Dynasty, the story of the Morning Bull and the Weaver Girl was probably finalized.
This poem describes a couple in the sky, the Morning Bull and the Weaver Girl, but the point of view is on the ground, observing the pain of separation of the couple from the eyes of a third party. The first two sentences are written from two places respectively, saying "far away" when talking about the morning glory, and "clearly bright" when talking about the Weaver Girl. The distance and the brightness make each other meaningful, so don’t be attached to them. How come the morning glory is not bright, how come the Weaver Girl is not far away? They are all so far away and so bright. However, the distant morning glory can easily remind people of wanderers in a foreign land, while the bright and beautiful Weaver Girl can easily remind people of the beauty of women. In this way, it seems that they are not interchangeable. If it is changed to "Bright Altair, Far Away River Han Girl" because it is intertextual, the interest will be reduced by half. The subtlety of poetic language can be seen here. The purpose of calling Weaver Girl "Hehannu" is to make it into three syllables, and to avoid using the word "Vega" in three syllables. "Altair" has been used in the previous sentence, and "Vega" is mentioned in the next sentence, which does not rhyme and appears monotonous. "He Han Nu" is much more lively. "Hehannu" means the woman on the edge of the Milky Way. This statement is more likely to make people think of a real woman, ignoring that she is a star. I don’t know if the author took such pains when writing the poem. Anyway, the writing methods are different and the artistic effects are also very different. In short, the arrangement of the ten words "Far Altair, Bright River Han Girl" can be said to be the most ingenious arrangement and the most complete effect.
The following four sentences are specifically written about the Weaver Girl, saying that although she weaves all day long, she cannot weave any pieces because she is worried about the morning glory and is very sad. "Xianxian lifts the plain hands" means to lift the slender plain hands. In order to compete with the next sentence "Zhaza make tricks", the structure of the sentence was changed. "梢" means to draw out, to pull out, which is close to the meaning of stretching out. "Zhaza" is the sound of machine. "杼" is the shuttle on the loom. The poet uses the word "Nong" here. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Siqian" says: "A girl is born, carrying and spinning tiles." The word "Nong" means to play or play. Although the Weaver Girl stretched out her bare hands, she had no intention of weaving. She was just stroking the loom, and her tears fell like rain. "The whole day is not a chapter" is adapted from the meaning of "The Book of Songs·Dadong": "The Weaver Girl has seven pillows all day long. Although she has seven pillows, she cannot become a newspaper."
The last four sentences are the poet's lament: "He Hanqing It's shallow, how far away are they from each other? "The Milky Way that separates the Morning Bull and the Weaver Girl is clear and shallow, but they are not far apart, even though they are only separated by a piece of water." Turn a blind eye and say nothing. "Yingying" may be interpreted as describing the clear and shallow water, which may not be accurate. "Yingying" does not describe water, the word "Maimai" in the following sentence describes the Weaver Girl. "Wenxuan" Liu Chen's note: "Yingying, beautiful appearance." It is accurate. Many people think that since "yingying" is placed before "一水", it must describe water. But the original meaning of Ying is to overflow. If it is describing water, then it should also describe the fullness of water, not the purity of water. The interpretation of Yingying as clear and shallow is influenced by the above "the river is clear and shallow" and is not Yingying's original intention. In addition to this poem, "Yingying" appears in "Selected Works", there is also "Yingying, the girl upstairs, shining brightly at the window". Also found in "Nineteen Ancient Poems". Li Shan's note: "Guang Ya" says: 'Win, Rong.' Ying is the same as Ying, the ancient word is Tong." This describes the beauty of a woman's manner, so the Five Ministers' Notes extended it to "Duan Li". Another Han Dynasty Yuefu song "Mo Shang Sang": "Ying Ying Gong's steps, slowly moving towards the house." It also describes people's manners. Since the Weaver Girl is called the Hehan Girl, the beauty of her appearance is also reflected in the Hehan Girl. This is the meaning of "Yingying Yishuijian". "Mai Mai", Li Shan's note: "Erya" says, "Mai Mai" means looking at each other. Guo Pu said: "Mai Mai means looking at each other." '""The pulse is speechless" means that although the river is clear and shallow, the Weaver Girl and the Morning Glory can only look at each other and are speechless.
This poem has sixteen lines, six of which The sentences all use overlapping words, namely "Too far", "Jiaojiao", "Xianxian", "Yingying" and "Maimai". These overlapping words make this poem simple, beautiful and full of interest. Especially the last two sentences, one. If the image of a young woman full of divorce appears on paper, the meaning is profound and the style is complete. It is an extremely rare and beautiful sentence.