Xu Zhimo is one of the few great poets. He studied political science himself, but he was obsessed with poetry creation. Although his life was short, he made great contributions to China literature, especially to China's modern poetry. Xu Zhimo has a free and easy personality and pursues romance. He is charming and well-proportioned. Xu zhimo's fanatical pursuit? Love? With what? Freedom? It is perfectly unified with his chic and ethereal personality and unrestrained talent, forming the unique artistic style of Xu Zhimo's poems. Xu's poems are beautiful in artistic conception, elegant in thought, fresh and lively, harmonious in rhythm, novel in metaphor, rich in imagination and distinctive in artistic personality.
First, the artistic conception is beautiful and the image is novel, also known as the realm. China's ancient poems pay special attention to the creation of artistic conception. There are many poems by Xu Zhimo? Can only understand, can't express? His artistic conception is beautiful, and his poems pay attention to poetry and painting, which not only sends out inner feelings, but also looks like a picturesque and vivid natural environment. What is the artistic name of this scene where subjective feelings and objective things blend with each other? Artistic conception? . Image and artistic conception are similar, but not exactly the same. Image refers to the artistic image created by objective things through the unique emotional activities of the creative subject. In short, image is moral. Meaning? What? Elephant? That is, the objective image used to entrust subjective feelings is integrated into the poet's thoughts and feelings? Object? , is a concrete image endowed with special meaning and literary significance. In the history of modern poetry in China, Xu Zhimo is second to none in the creation of images, and the images in his poems contain novel and distinctive aesthetic features. Xu Zhimo's poems are rich in images. Fly? 、? Water? 、? Cloud? 、? Flowers? 、? Month? 、? Star? The image of equality often appears and has rich ideological connotation. These images are novel and unique, with rich connotations. There are many in Xu Zhimo's poems? Fly? Images such as geese? Goose flying in the clouds? In the Happiness of Snowflakes? Snowflakes? what's up Fly, fly, fly? From "The Oriole"? Bo Huang? A color flies on the tree? But as soon as it spread its wings,/it broke through the dense clouds and became a colorful cloud. Xu zhimo used it? Fly? To symbolize what he's after? Freedom? ,? Fly? His image is the embodiment of his romantic temperament and the portrayal of his agile personality, which shows the essence of life freedom with unrestrained, light and elegant. Poetic images are always related to the poet's unique feelings, and appear in various forms in Xu Zhimo's poems, such as Biekangqiao, Accidental, Sound in the Country, This is a Cowardly World, and Wedding Songs of Children on the Vortex Bank? Water? Images, such as wave heart, velvet, silver wave, clear dew, light wave, clear spring, sea and so on. In "The Voice of the Country":/I am resting alone in front of the ship's window,/I am watching the waves of a river,/I am listening to the sounds from far and near. In this poem? Wave illusion? As the image of water, it expresses the poet's hope to return to the beautiful and simple childlike innocence. In another poem, "Marriage Song of Children on the Vortex Bank", the stream leaps forward,/flows into the river, warms the waves,/shines with silver waves, and the sun is faint. In "I don't know where the wind blows"? I don't know which direction the wind is blowing. /I am in a dream,/in the light wave of a dream. ? Flow wave? And then what? Light wave? It creates a light and soft artistic conception and shows a light, bright and colorful picture.
In Xu Zhimo's poem, cloud? Images also appear repeatedly, such as? I am a cloud in the sky? (by accident) Looking up at the flowing clouds in the depths of the summer shade? (cuckoo), I gently waved goodbye to the clouds in the western sky? (Farewell to Cambridge). The shape of the cloud is light and fluttering, which includes? Free and chic? Yes, the inner charm fits well with the author's chic personality and free and romantic ideal. Xu Zhimo's poems truly conveyed the aesthetic taste of China's ancient poems in the form of vernacular, and he grasped the essence of China's traditional poems. Take A Farewell to Cambridge as an example;
I left quietly, just as I came gently;
I waved my hand gently and bid farewell to the clouds in the western sky.
The golden willow by the river is the bride in the sunset;
Beautiful shadows in the waves ripple in my heart.
Green grass on the soft mud, oily, swaying at the bottom of the water;
In the gentle waves of He Kanghe, I would like to be an aquatic plant!
The pool under the shade of the elm tree is not a clear spring.
It is the rainbow in the sky that is crushed in the floating seaweed, precipitating a rainbow-like dream.
Looking for dreams? Support a long pole and swim back to a greener place on the grass.
Full of starlight, singing in the splendor of starlight.
But I can't play the piano, just a farewell flute;
Summer insects are also silent for me. Silence is Cambridge tonight.
I left quietly, just as I came quietly;
I waved my sleeve without taking away a cloud.
He came gently and walked quietly. It obviously doesn't make sense here. Xu Zhimo seems to be holding a very precious and fragile thing and carefully protecting it. What makes him cherish it so much? That is the memory in his heart, his experience. Xu Zhimo bid farewell not to his alma mater, Cambridge, but to his emotional experience closely connected with the talented woman Lin. However, that experience was fragile and unreliable, everything changed, and the poet could not go back. When we read Farewell to Cambridge, we will find that this poem actually has two layers of structure. On the surface, Xu Zhimo kept describing the scenery of Cambridge without any personal participation, but behind the natural landscape, it was a hint of his flickering emotions. He skillfully used the method of image superposition. Is the golden willow by the river the bride in the sunset? People always think this is a metaphor, but it is not. Here, Xu Zhimo's emotions and natural images confirm each other. He describes the natural scenery in front of him everywhere, in fact, he is constantly infiltrating his inner feelings in the natural scenery. This is an important feature of Xu Zhimo's poems, and it is also the usual technique in China's ancient poems. Xu Zhimo doesn't pour out his feelings directly, but permeates his feelings through the superposition of heavy images. Emotion itself has some connection with nature, and it is very natural to think of people from things. The art of literary image is to superimpose what you want to see on the actual thing. The use of images in China's modern poems often spans a great distance. What is the method of defamiliarization? A distant analogy? . It is to pull two things far apart together and superimpose personal feelings and natural scenery. Therefore, in Farewell to Cambridge, we can see the scenery of Cambridge everywhere, but behind the surface of the poem, Xu Zhimo's personal emotional flow can be seen everywhere.
Second, the words are gorgeous, fresh and lively. Xu Zhimo's poems are colorful, elegant in dictionaries, distinctive in style and colorful, with a unique fresh beauty. The theme of poetry is to praise love and ideals and pursue light and freedom. Its words are concise, accurate, vivid and vivid, and it is good at creating beautiful artistic conception with beautiful words. As we are familiar with "Shi Anna La": the gentleness of bowing is the most, just like the shyness of hibiscus, saying treasure, saying treasure, is there sweet sorrow in that treasure? Shian, Nora. ? There are only four sentences in the whole poem, but the words are vivid and vivid, and only the vivid image of water lotus is captured. The gentleness of the bow? Bow, describe the appearance and posture of Japanese girls, with natural words, delicate feelings, fresh and soft, and endless aftertaste. In fact, what words are used in Xu Zhimo's poetic language? Sammi？ Agree? Beautiful painting? The influence of painting beauty here mainly refers to the beauty and color of poetry, paying attention to the visual intuition of poetry. And Xu Zhimo's poems are well practiced? Sammi？ Are you online? Beautiful painting? , such as "the cuckoo doesn't come under the moon":
Look at the quiet bridge shadow once,
Count the fine ripples,
I warmed the moss on the diaphragm,
Moss cools my heart;
Moon, you quit school, and the bride is ashamed.
Cover with brocade, your head is shining,
You were here last night,
May I ask her permission to come tonight?
Listen to the bells of the village temple tower in the distance,
Like light waves in a dream,
Worried about the ebb and flow of the tide,
A leaf alone, wandering and blurred;
Sparkling, deep night, long thoughts.
Where is my dear friend?
The wind is blowing, the willows are floating and the money is fighting.
The unforgettable sound of spring.
This poem uses gorgeous and fresh words to create a beautiful and fresh artistic conception. Do you like it? Ripples? 、? Moss. 、
? Kam quilt? 、? Light wave? 、? Sparkling, deep night, long thoughts? 、? The wind blows and the willows shake, and the money beats? A series of beautiful words outline the beauty of touching images.
Third, the beauty of harmonious music. Wen Yiduo, a crescent poet, worships poetry? Sammi？ Including the beauty of music, mainly refers to the harmony of syllables and rhymes. The rhythmic beauty of poetry should be divided into relatively independent phonological beauty and melodic beauty. Rhythm is an important means to create rhythmic beauty in poetry, because the existence of rhyme can enhance the musical rhythm of poetry and make the rhythm beautiful, cadence and clarity. The arrangement and combination of syllables and sound levels (also called sound groups) of a line of poetry should be regular to reflect the musical beauty of the new metrical style, and its important performance is the sense of rhythm. Xu Zhimo's talent is embodied in his language talent. Sammi？ On this issue, his understanding is different from Wen Yiduo's. Some people describe Wen Yiduo's poems as arranged like tofu blocks. Although Wen Yiduo's poems rhyme, they are relatively dull. In modern Chinese, most of them are disyllabic or polysyllabic words with the same number of words, but not necessarily the same syllables. In order to pursue the same number of words deliberately, Wen Yiduo destroyed the rhythm of poetry. Xu Zhimo's talent is reflected here. His sensitivity to modern Chinese is unusual. He writes poetry with the rhythm of vernacular Chinese. So-called? Rhythm is roughly equivalent to the beat in music. In poetry, the rise and fall of language determines the speed of syllables. The organic arrangement of different sounds makes poetry read intermittently and pause, and the tone is sometimes strong and sometimes weak. What is that? Rhythm Xu Zhimo grasped the reason of neat poetry. As long as the number of syllables is the same, even if the number of words is different, it is still neat and symmetrical. The reason why syllables and words in ancient Chinese are consistent is that there are too many monosyllabic words in ancient Chinese. Modern poetry doesn't even have to have the same number of pauses in each sentence, but as long as the number of pauses in two adjacent sentences is the same, it can produce special harmonious effects. Xu Zhimo's poems are often scattered in length, but they are neat and symmetrical. For example, his poem "Accidental":
I am a cloud in the sky,
Occasionally/projected on/in your heart?
You don't have to be surprised,
How much/unnecessary/joyful?
In an instant/disappeared/disappeared.
You and I/met in the dark sea,
You have yours,/I have mine,/direction;
You/remember it,
You'd better forget,
At this intersection/exchange lights!
The number of words in each poem is different, but the number of pauses in adjacent sentences is the same, and the syllables in each sentence are deliberately inconsistent, so there is a sense of disorder.
Fourth, modern society? Traditional soul? Most modern poets can't go back to ancient times in taste, but Xu Zhimo's uniqueness lies in his being in modern times, but he is full of traditional cultural interests, hiding a pure traditional soul under a chic suit. There are many descriptions of natural scenery in Xu Zhimo's poems, such as? Water? 、? Cloud? 、? Flowers? 、? Month? 、? Star? 、? Bai Lianhua? 、? Quan Jian? 、? Qin Xuan? 、? Color clothes? 、? Qingyi? 、? Liu Jin? 、? Joubo？ 、? Water plants? 、? Yushuyin? 、? Qingquan? 、? Rainbow in the sky? 、? Cloud? Wait a minute. The beautiful nature around him makes Xu Zhimo face the pain of reality in a different way of thinking. The beauty of the sword bridge and the beauty of Florence give people an epiphany in life. For ordinary people, nature is the object of appreciation, but for Xu Zhimo, it is the foundation of life. Xu Zhimo's experience of nature is related to the outlook on life of traditional intellectuals in China. This natural scenery is no longer a simple description of nature, but Li Bai's? Never tire of watching it? Soul dialogue.
On both sides of the river are the most lush lawns that are evergreen all the year round. From the upstairs where the alumni live, there are always more than a dozen oxen and white horses on the grassland on the other side, whether in the morning or in the evening. Their calves and hooves are not in the weeds, and they chew leisurely. The yellow flowers of the stars are turbulent in the wind, so they should be brushed with tail bristles. The two ends of the bridge are protected by sloping weeping willows and shadows. The water is completely clear, less than four feet deep, and long strips of aquatic plants are evenly distributed. The lawn on the shore is my pet. In the Qing dynasty, I often sat on this natural brocade at night, sometimes reading and sometimes watching water. Sometimes I lie on my back and look at the clouds in the sky, and sometimes I embrace the tenderness of the earth (Cambridge as I know it). By describing the natural scenery of Cambridge, the poet shows the dialogue between man and the natural world as an individual. It is difficult for modern intellectuals to return to the old outlook on life. The reason why we are not quiet is that it is difficult for us to talk to nature. Xu Zhimo's view of nature is not an idea, but a real experience of self-feeling. In his poems, the expression of emotions and thoughts changed the straightforward expression of Guo Moruo's early vernacular new poems. Return to China tradition? Xu Zhimo's poetry embodies the idea of "originality", and his emotions are contained in the description of objective things, so it is typical to express his feelings for things. For example:
? I hope that I can touch/your tragic wound/who will discuss the funeral with me on this cold winter night? (Bury hope)
? I send you a shadow of the Leifeng Tower./The sky is full of dense dark clouds and white clouds. /I'll give you a Leifeng Tower,/The moon shines on the sleeping heart? (Lei Feng film under the moon)
? I also want my poems to flow like clear water/I also want my heart to swim like a fish? ("groan")
Another example is the famous short poem "Nora in the Peace of Poetry". Parting is just around the corner, full of sadness. Xu Zhimo did not express it directly in his poems, but through? Empathy, transfer all kinds of inner feelings to each other, contrast the atmosphere and hint the mood by depicting the same emotions of the other party. This is a typical traditional lyric way in ancient China. This is the traditional spirit of China in Xu Zhimo's poetry, but it is hidden, because his poetry is not an ancient metrical style, but a modern vernacular form. The thinking mode of Xu Zhimo's poems is the classic style of China tradition.