The first paragraph, from the beginning to "things have passed." The first two sentences are exclamation, which leads to the whole article. I regret that I only have the talent and ambition to "help the poor and secure the country", but I fell behind and was slandered and slandered. The last two sentences are because "Apollo knew the wrongs and wrongs in forty-nine years at the age of fifty", which happened to be the year when the poet was in doubt, so he felt the same way and felt the wrongs and wrongs in the past. Because he wanted to "strive for his intelligence and help him" and then retired after his success, but this wish failed to come true. Since there is no hope of meritorious service, let's settle for the second best and make a statement. The next two sentences are "make up for it, but it will last forever." Because Liyan is as immortal as Lide and meritorious service. Writing a book, a poem and a composition are also the contents of the statement. The word "make amends" reflects that his mood is painful and real. Is the past pursuit really wrong? Having said that, judging from Li Bai's life, today's so-called "speech" is also a last resort. Because the literati at that time emphasized poetry and learning, but most of them regarded it as a ladder to enter the body, with the ultimate goal of being an official.
From "filling the gaps and hiding the defects" to "moving things in the past" is a supplement to its immortality. It is said that he didn't realize this until he was over 500 years old. It turned out that his career was blocked and his talents were not satisfied. The reason is that he was slandered, which led to his censorship, focusing on Xue Wei. In poetry, "deficiency", "defect" and "ugliness" refer to filth, shortcomings and ugliness. This is his analysis of things, in fact, it is a guide to the disadvantages of the times. He saw the failure of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which is also the background and basis of his remarks. Then, taking Moon Out as an example, it proves that Liyan has existed since ancient times and is immortal. Because Out of the Moon is said to be a famous poem with satire and lewdness, and thus, although I "feel" it a little late now and know the past "wrong", I can still "make amends", otherwise I will regret it for the rest of my life in my later years.
From "Bai Bi Valley" to "Who will inspect it?" For the second paragraph, I mainly say that I am an innocent victim. He compared Mix, the adulterer, to a blue fly, so his slander was defiled like "a fly dung points jade". What follows is people's fear, because too much gossip is also very harmful. The phrase "birds are light" means that if a slight thing accumulates, it can run over a car and sink a ship: even feathers, if arranged well, will make birds fly to the sky, which shows the power of collusion. The poet gave another example to illustrate its harmfulness, from general to concrete, from people to themselves, and then to endangering the country. For example, the dazzling "Jinbei" was originally an "article" made by people in secret (referring to the crime of falsely flattering him), just like the brocade of women workers. For example, at that time, he was described as a "madman" and a "drinker", and even falsely accused of "relying on the sky and being arrogant, falsely occupying" and "traffic officer, plotting evil". Then, examples such as gathering sand into Egypt and flooding are cited to illustrate the harm of slander. Among them, the key point is "collecting dust and chasing bees, suspecting saints and guessing saints". "Dust collection" refers to Yan Hui's "stealing" the dirty things that fell in the rice. Some people accuse him of stealing, which is a serious problem for Confucius' children. Even Confucius was dubious at that time. He pretended to sacrifice the rice, but Yan Hui admitted that it was too bad to sacrifice the rice because something dirty fell in. Because they were starving, he picked it up and ate it. So the truth came out, and Yan Hui gained the trust of Confucius and was praised as "Restoration of the Holy Family". Bees is a story about the sage Birch. Birch is filial, but his stepmother is jealous of him. Once, he saw a green bee on his stepmother's collar and went to catch it. Who knows, he was cheated and exiled for "molesting" his stepmother. Later, it was found out that Birch was recalled and his stepmother was killed by his father. The author's use of these two allusions is undoubtedly based on his own situation, using saints as metaphors. Because all the sages have suffered, so has he, but the difference is that both Yan Hui and Baihua have been rehabilitated and praised by later generations, but he still bears the burden of humiliation. When will he stand out? When will you understand? This may be his fantasy, but there is no need to criticize the ancients, because he can't surpass that era, on the contrary, his loyalty can be seen. On the contrary, after he left Beijing, a group of dignitaries, led by Xuanzong, were even more arrogant and extravagant, cruel and bossy, but they still boasted that there were no survivors in the wild, and most scholars had no way out. Therefore, when the poet said "doubting the saints and guessing the saints", he also pointed out that the treacherous court official was in power and slanderers were rampant, which would inevitably lead to the serious consequences of "chaotic four countries and scattered eight provinces". For the injury of slander and his innocence, the author begged, saying so much, he had to lament, who can understand me? That is to say, I hope to get people's understanding and understand his loyal and firm pursuit. At this time, the author was fifty years old, nearly eight years away from Chang 'an, which was his most painful and contradictory period. He often indulges in idleness and even seeks eternal life, which makes him very depressed. He is often filled with indignation and criticizes the current abuses, which shows that he has both complaints and concerns about state affairs. But he never lost his heart and pride. For example, there was a poem that said, "Dongshan lies high and doesn't get up late. It seems that he is still thinking about being a late bloomer." So sometimes he also wants to go back to the map, such as "hiding his city in my melancholy heart" and missing Chang 'an. But it also wrote: "Oh, how can I seriously bow and scrape to those who are in high positions? They will never stand being seen with an honest face!" " Show his arrogant and unyielding, broad-minded and uninhibited character. It seems that this latter idea is mainly positive. It is understandable that he studied alchemy and indulged in wandering the world. This is from Du Fu's poem at that time, "Who is a hero who drinks crazy songs and lives in emptiness?" Because Li Bai is frustrated in Chang 'an and Du Fu is frustrated, he can be a soul mate, be cynical, and lament that heroes are useless. Unfortunately, not many people can understand Du Like Fu. It may also be that the contradiction between Li Bai's ambition and his arrogance is unacceptable to the world. Because at that time, only cockfighting and bird-playing people would be reused.
The third paragraph is from "the other person's madness" to "what if I give it!" Never give in to slander, but take the world as your responsibility. "Since talent is a gift, let it be used!" . Four sentences of "Parting" are quoted from the Book of Songs. The original poem is a satire to defend Xuan Jiang's fornication. Here is intended to satirize Yang Guifei's crossing to ancient times. The next four sentences are about the sin of swearing people. Jia Ceng's confession of his sins is "continuous crime is not enough", which shows that there are many sins. The phrase "falling into the sea" is used by "breaking the waves in the East China Sea, it is difficult to get rid of evil", and it is also used to describe crime. These words of the author are meaningful. According to records, when Li Bai first became an academician in Chang 'an, Xuanzong appreciated it and was proud of himself. For example, Xuanzong met him in the Golden Temple and said, "Give him food on the Qibao bed and feed him with a spoon." He also felt that "Wang Yi wiped away, lost his heart, lost his heart." ? The princes borrowed color, and the gold list was purple. "His words of" dare to rise and fall "were replaced by the imperial edict of Wang Cao, and it is said that there are also the imperial edict of departure and the book of peace. He also wrote some poems praising court life, such as "Joy in the Palace" and "Qing Ping Diao Ci", which were very appreciated by Xuanzong and Taizhen's concubines (Yang Yuhuan was later named the imperial concubine), and they often gave banquets to reward them. However, at this time, Li Bai became one of the famous "Eight Immortals in Wine" and often passed out in Chang 'an. On one occasion, Li Bai "appreciated the drunkenness in the temple and led him to take off his boots, so he dismissed it." Gao Lishi was a eunuch, without talent or virtue, but he was good at flattery, so he won the favor of Xuanzong and was in power in the ruling and opposition. In order to repay the humiliation of taking off his boots, he tried his best to pick out a sentence from Li Bai's "Qing Ping Diao Ci", "Who is like the Han Palace, poor swallow leaning on new makeup", and slandered Yang Yuhuan. This sentence was originally a compliment to her beauty, and she was very proud and rewarded Li Bai. Today, Gao Lishi and his followers said that Li Bai belittled her and compared her with Zhao Yanfei. Although Yan Fei was the queen of Emperor Han Cheng, she was originally a geisha, but happened to be a princess of humble origin. She was originally an immortal princess and should be regarded as the daughter-in-law of Xuanzong. Now favored by Xuanzong, he may be sealed. Therefore, she is very jealous of this "lowliness" and is deeply afraid of affecting her future. So they colluded and tried their best to frame Li Bai. It is said that Zhang _, the son-in-law of Xuanzong, was also an academician and destroyed Li Bai. In this case, Li Bai felt that his original intention could not be realized and he was disappointed with Xuanzong. In addition, there are reasons such as being vilified. For example, there is a poem that says, "flying green is easy to see, but snow is difficult to adjust." This is to evacuate the crowd and repeatedly push for elimination. "I have the idea of seclusion. So soon he was "given gold back to the mountain." In this regard, he believes that although "an upright gentleman" disdains those slanders, in reality, "life is really difficult, and it is difficult to weave here", that is, life and death are unpredictable. If they fall into their trap, they will be "sold gold" and "broken bones". From this perspective, it is fortunate that he resigned from Beijing on his own initiative, and of course he was forced. Because he was afraid, as he once said, "Geng Jie died on the grass, not in a golden cage. "This was shortly after he left Beijing. On the one hand, Gao Lishi, Yang Guifei, his brother Li and his sister. They are all promoting to a higher position and making a fortune, and their attitudes are rampant; On the other hand, a large number of Zhongliang were persecuted, such as Li Yong, Wei Jian, Pei Dunxia and other celebrities and satrap, all of whom were killed. Li, the former prime minister, was forced to commit suicide, and Wang Zhongsi, a famous soldier, was demoted and put to death. This was a white terror. In this regard, Li Bai did not shrink back, but "composed a song with heavy worries", such as mourning Li Beihai and Pei Shangshu and denouncing dark politics. So he imitated Confucius and sang calmly in desperation. "What if the sky is not lost!" That is to say, if God doesn't abandon culture, that culture will be manifested in me, so what can others do to me? It can be seen that the poet regards speaking as an immortal cause and takes the world as his own responsibility. During this period, he wrote immortal poems, such as Dream of Mount Tianmu, Chaos of Heaven after Yin Dynasty, Keeping Songs, and Answering the Twelve Nights of the King. He sneered at the current disadvantages and sympathized with the people. It is also a change in his creative process, that is, reality and critical spirit are a new feature; His political lyrics have also reached high attainments.
The fourth paragraph, from "da ji perished" to "then covered the sky", is the profound point of this poem. From "da ji's extermination" to "Poison also attracts prostitutes", it is all about the "female disaster". First of all, he used the historical fact that da ji seduced sycophants and led to national subjugation to illustrate the harm of "female disaster". This is an ancient view of history, but it was convincing at that time. It is worth noting that he cited the example of the Empress Dowager Qin and fornication, took a step-by-step approach, pointed the contradiction to Yang Guifei, and predicted that the historical tragedy of "female disaster" would repeat itself. According to historical records, Qin Shihuang's mother had an affair with his lieutenants after Lv Buwei. Lu, the queen of Liu Bang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, also had an affair with her men. So, it goes without saying that this is exposing the fornication scandal of Yang Guifei and her subordinate and adopted son An Lushan. An Lushan, born in the conference semifinals, is good at fighting, but more good at making profits. He guards the frontier, often cheats, invites merits and rewards, and adds officials to our times. He ingratiated himself with kyou-kan, followed the path of Gao Lishi and Yang Guifei, and tried his best to flatter Xuanzong, so he won Xuanzong's favor and shamelessly ingratiated himself with her, saying that the conference semifinals only knew that they had a mother, so they were adopted by her, so they went out to have sex with her. This scandal was kept secret at that time, but now only Li Bai dares to "speak frankly", which shows that the poet's courage is convincing. It is also said that Xuanzong once wanted to give Li Bai an official position, but was stopped by the imperial concubine three times in a row. The struggle between Li Bai and Yang Guifei has yet to be confirmed and supplemented by historical data, but what is certain is that it is a struggle that despises powerful people, advocates benevolent government, is fatuous, decadent and tyrannical. Li Bai's exposure and criticism of the imperial concubine is necessary and progressive, and it is by no means a personal problem. Because some people think that this poem is forged on the grounds that Li Bai disdains to criticize grievances. This is tantamount to saying that Li Bai's ridicule of the imperial concubine is a personal act and should not be. This view is not comprehensive and does not conform to the facts. Because Li Yang's contradictions and struggles are representative as mentioned above, personal grievances are only its concrete manifestations. At the same time, Li Bai not only attacked the imperial concubine, but also attacked her in this poem and in her personal relationship. For example, ancient Xianyang in February and March, ancient Yin Hou Chao Tian Ji and so on. They all contain a mockery of Yang Guifei. Not only that, the author's pen pointed directly at Tang Xuanzong, saying that he was "out of his mind". The sentence "_ _" refers to people who pass through the astronomical phenomena. Literally, it's because the rainbow Yin Qi made the sun faint, but it's not hard to understand that it was Emperor Wan Cheng who fainted, so there was a "female disaster". That's exactly what happened. In the early period of Xuanzong, he made great efforts to govern, which was called "the flourishing age of the first century" in history. However, in the later period, he indulged in debauchery and neglected state affairs. Although recruiting talents and appointing Li Bai as the Hanlin, it was just cosmetic and made a lot of jesters. Once he commits a crime, he will give up. On the contrary, he is close to villains, loves flattery, and listens to rumors to hurt loyalty. For example, Yang, Gao, An, Li and others got into trouble because of his connivance. It was he who made An Lushan our time in three towns, named the three sisters Yang Guifei as the princess's wife, called them "aunts" and gave them "luck" in disgust. Such "paralysis" leads to a downward effect, and smoke blocks gas. Therefore, the poet takes history as a mirror and points out that it will reach the point of "covering the sky" like the "female disaster" in history.
The main spirit of the last paragraph is to reiterate to friends through snow: although talents have not been reached, loyalty remains unchanged. The phrase "Wancheng" is the author's masturbation, and even the emperor of Wancheng is dizzy, let alone ordinary people! Of course, this can only be a tacit understanding, and it is a relief for the author to indulge in the past. Now, I want to make an immortal statement, talk about the past, discuss the present, avenge my injustice, count my talents and determination not to change my original intention, and hope to gain the trust and understanding of my friends. Therefore, he first said, "I am poor in words and sincere in heart." On the other hand, you can swear to heaven, and it is by no means nonsense. Furthermore, the author's feelings reached a climax, so he repeatedly said without hesitation that if there is any falsehood, it is that ghosts or gods cannot escape Zi Ye's ears and Li Lou's eyes. The last two sentences are another call: I hope to get the trust and understanding of my friends.