[1] Zhen was born in an official family in Henan, and his grandfather gave him a nickname. I entered school at the age of five and read the Book of Songs at the age of six or seven. In the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650), he won the first place in the county, government and road, and had a poetic title with his eldest brother Wang Shilu, his second brother Wang and his third brother Wang Shizhen. In the fifteenth year of Shunzhi (1658), he was a scholar in the Reform Movement of 1898. At the age of 23, he visited Jinan and invited celebrities from Jinan literary circles to gather in the Shuige of Daming Lake. This poem has spread all over the country, and there are many writers in the north and south. At that time, it was called "Qiuliu Poetry Society" by the literary world, which was famous all over the world. Later generations named an alley on the northeast bank of Daming Lake "Autumn Willow Garden", referring to the place where Wang Shizhen chanted autumn willow. In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), he was appointed as the secretariat of Yangzhou, and in the 17th year of Kangxi (1678), he was summoned by Emperor Kangxi, transferred to the south study room. In the forty-third year of Kangxi (1704), the official was the minister of punishments. Soon, because of the Wang Wu case, he was dismissed for the crime of "looking ahead and looking back" and returned to his hometown. In the forty-ninth year of Kangxi (17 10), Emperor Kangxi mourned the old minister and ordered the official to be reinstated. In order to avoid Yongzheng, he changed his name to Zheng Shi. Ganlong presented celebrities with Zhen and Jian. The Summary of Sikuquanshu said: "At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, everyone was tired of the skin contours of Wang (Shizhen) and Li (Panlong) and the slim appearance of Zhong (Xing) in the Ming Dynasty, so poets competed for Song and Yuan Dynasties. Then the quality of Song poetry is straight, flowing into rhyming quotations; Yuan poems are colorful and flow into antithetical words. Therefore, Shi Zhecun and others criticized the romantic with their fresh and elegant talents, and advocated that the world said that' a word is inconsistent, it is romantic', and the world responded. " Qian Zhongshu commented on Wang Yuyang's poem in Tan Yi Lu: "Fragments are not real dragons". Wang Shizhen's poems are fresh, his writing is good, and his prose and words are excellent. His verve theory originates from the nature and implication in Tang Dynasty and the quip and interest in Song Dynasty, and takes "not writing a word, being romantic" as the key to writing poetry. In poetry, there are many poems about the scenery and stories of Jinan. He once commented on Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio and wrote a poem for Pu. He has written more than 500 kinds of works and more than 4,000 poems in his life, mainly including The Tales of Fishermen, Collection of Silkworm Tails, Miscellanies of Chibei, Notes of Xiangzu, Juyilu, Introduction to Fishery Literature, Collection of Fishery Poems, Classic Collection and Feeling Old. Hometown of Wang Shizhen
In the fourth year of Kangxi (1665), Wang Shizhen was promoted to be a doctor of the Ministry of Agriculture and became an official in Beijing. At that time, talented people and poets gathered in Beijing, which provided a stage for Wang Shizhen to display his talents. In poetry creation, he put forward the theory of "verve" and created a poetic style. Wang Shizhen is versatile and has a large number of masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. His poems and poems about scenery are especially praised. The phrase "Lv Yangcheng is Yangzhou" in his poems was used as a painting title by many famous painters at that time. Wang Shizhen's talent was quickly appreciated by Emperor Kangxi, calling him "excellent in poetry and prose" and "knowledgeable and good at poetry and prose". In the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), Wang Shizhen was summoned by the emperor, and Cao Chong, the Han minister of the Qing Dynasty, became the first ci minister. Emperor Kangxi also sent a letter to Zibo Wang Shizhen Memorial Hall.
Jin Zhen submitted a poem, which was a very rare honor at that time. Wang Shizhen then selected 300 poems of his own and named them "Yulan Ji". From then on, Wang Shizhen rose to the top of the world, often received royal calligraphy and painting, and attended many important banquets. At that time, Wang Shizhen's poems were famous all over the world, and his official position kept moving up, becoming a recognized leader in the literary world in the early Qing Dynasty. When newcomers and literary successors came to Beijing for advice from famous teachers, they often visited Wang Shizhen first. If they can get a compliment from him, they will be famous. Pu Songling is an outstanding scholar, and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio has long been unknown to the world. When Pu Songling found Wang Shizhen, Wang Shizhen praised him and gave him a poem: "If you listen to nonsense, it will rain like silk in the bean shed. You should be tired of speaking in human language, and love listening to autumn grave ghosts sing poems. " In order to publish Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Wang Shizhen wrote Comments on Wang Ruanting in his book, which made bookstores compete for manuscripts and printed Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio with great pride. Celebrities at that time greatly praised this matter: "The national culture has a long history, elegant and elegant, and rich and powerful people come forth in large numbers, and the authentic generation will surely rank first among the princes in the new city." Song's "punch line" and "interest" theory take "nothing, everything is romantic" as the theme of his poems. In poetry, there are many poems about the scenery of Jinan, telling the story of Jinan. Wang Shizhen was attracted by the beautiful natural scenery and superior climatic conditions of Changbai Mountain in the west of Zhoucun, so he built a villa and named it "Fu Yu Cao Hall". Come and play and stay when you are free. In the midsummer heat, the whole family came here to escape the heat. There are mountains, clear springs, Luming Literature crane dance, lakes and mountains, which is a rare summer resort. There is a bustling Zhoucun nearby, and life is very convenient. Yuan Shoudong and other bureaucrats also saw the villa in the mountain. After Wang Shizhen dismissed from office, he lived in a villa in the mountains for a long time, climbing high and looking far, watching waterfalls and fishing in the pond. Sometimes climb the peak of Huixian County, look at the blue belt of Qinghe River, and Wang Shizhen of Nha Trang Lake sails in secluded places.
Sing "Dongshan breeze comes, Xijian cool rain comes." When you are in high spirits, it is very pleasant to shout in the sky and spread the sound in the empty valley. His Record of Changbai Mountain gives a detailed account of the natural scenery, mountains and rivers around Changbai Mountain, as well as Fu He's Notes on Xiangzu. Wang Shizhen officials to ministers of punishments, have a political say. Wang Shizhen's poems are fresh, his writing is good, and his prose and words are excellent. His verve theory originated from the works of "nature" and "implication" in Tang Dynasty. Wang Shizhen was an advocate of "verve theory" in the early Qing Dynasty. Later generations compiled poems in the classroom, which reflected his poetic concept. Wang Shizhen's poetics is based on "verve", which originated from Si Kongtu and Yan Yu. He advocates "wonderful understanding" and "interest", and takes "nothing to say, romance" as the highest realm of poetry. Emphasize distant artistic conception and implicit language. Wang Shizhen's poetry creation started with seven poets in Ming Dynasty in his early years and became a poet in Tang Dynasty in his middle age. But in these three changes, advocating verve theory is the best embodiment of Wang Shizhen's verve theory, and his seven-character quatrains are well written.
Liu Zongyuan (773-8 19), a native of Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, was called "Liu Hedong" and "Mr. Hedong". Liu Zongyuan wrote an inscription because of the secretariat of Liuzhou, also known as "Liu Liuzhou" and "Liu Yuxi", a Han nationality with a ancestral home in Hedong (now Yuncheng and Ruicheng in yongji city, Shanxi).
[1] A writer, philosopher, essayist and thinker in the Tang Dynasty, together with Han Yu, advocated the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty and was called "Liu Han". Also known as "Liu Liu" with Liu Yuxi. Also known as "Wang Meng" with Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei. Together with Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Tang Dynasty, he was called one of the "Eight Great Writers in Tang and Song Dynasties" and "Four Great Writers through the Ages". Tang Daizong was born in Chang 'an, Kyoto (now Xi, Shaanxi) in the eighth year of Dali (773). Liu Zongyuan was born in an official's family, but he was not talented and ambitious in his early years. In his early years, he was a scholar in the exam, and his writings were mainly flowery rhetoric. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he was a scholar, and in the fourteenth year, he entered the learned poetry class and was awarded the orthography of Jixian Hall. He was a lieutenant in Lantian, then became an official in the DPRK, actively participated in the political reform of Wang Group, and was transferred to Danielle as foreign minister. In September of Yongzhenyuan (805), the innovation failed, and the history of Shaozhou fell. 1 1 month, Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou Sima (now in Lingling District, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province). During this period, he wrote the famous Eight Chapters of Yongzhou (Travel Notes at the Beginning of the Western Hills Banquet, Cobalt Pool Story, Cobalt Pool Western Hills Story, Xiaoshitang). Yuan He returned to the capital in the spring of the 10th year of Yuan He (8 15), and was soon demoted as the secretariat of Liuzhou with outstanding achievements. Xian Zongyuan died in Liuzhou on the eighth day of November in the 14th year (819165438+1October 28th). He is very friendly. Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi are his good friends. Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements in writing were greater than poems. Most of his poems express depression, grief, homesickness and friendship, and are deep and gloomy, forming their own family. What is most praised by the world are those leisurely and meaningful, simple and clean landscapes. Nearly a hundred parallel essays, argumentative essays, sharp and ironic. Travel notes about mountains and rivers are entrusted to many places. Philosophical works include Tian Shuo, Tian Dui and Feudalism. Liu Yuxi preserved and sorted out Liu Zongyuan's works in the Tang Dynasty. There are Liu Hedong Collection and Liu Zongyuan Collection (Zhonghua Book Company 1979 edition).