In the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan, he was about 10 years old and was fostered in his uncle's home.
Yang Yuhuan's natural beauty and superior educational environment make her have a certain cultural accomplishment, graceful personality, proficient in temperament, good at singing and dancing, and good at playing the pipa. In Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow, there is such a description: God-given grace, undisguised, was finally elected to the royal family one day.
In July of the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Princess Xianyi, the daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, held a wedding in Luoyang, and Yang Yuhuan was also invited to attend. Li Mao, the younger brother of Princess Xianyi, fell in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. At the request of Wu Huifei, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty wrote a letter asking her to be the shroud princess of that year. After marriage, the two are extremely sweet.
Wu Huifei died in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737). Li Mao's mother, Wu Huifei, was the favorite concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and she was treated as a queen in the palace. Xuanzong was unhappy for this. At that time, the harem Qian Qian was absolutely meaningless. Some people suggested that "the courtyards should be full of manners", and Xuanzong called Yang into the harem.
In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), in the name of Dou Taihou, the mother of Xuanzong, she wrote a letter to Yang, asking her to become a female Taoist, and signed it "too true".
In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made Wei's daughter longevity a princess, and then became a high-ranking imperial concubine. Since Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty abolished the king and queen, Yang Guifei is equivalent to the queen.
Xuanzong personally composed Qu Caiyu, and when he summoned Yang Guifei, he asked the musicians to play this new song, and gave Yang a gold hairpin, which he personally inserted in Yang's temple. Xuanzong said to the people in the harem, "If you get Yang Guifei, you will get the treasure." (The Secret Records of Ancient and Modern Palace, Volume III) Copying the new song "Debaozi" shows my luck. At that time, there was no new queen in the palace, and everyone in the court called Yang "madam", which really took a back seat. Zheng Chuhui told a story that after Yang Yuhuan was promoted to the imperial concubine, there was a white parrot in Lingnan tribute, which could imitate human language. Xuanzong and Yang Guifei liked it very much and called it "Snowflake Girl", while others in the palace called it "Snowflake Niang".
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered ci ministers to teach poetry. After several times, this white parrot can sing, which makes people fondle it. Every time Xuanzong and Yang Guifei play chess, if the situation is unfavorable to Xuanzong, the eunuch of the attendants is afraid that Xuanzong will lose chess, so he is called "Snowflake Niang", and the parrot flies into the chessboard, and Zhang Yi flaps his wings. Later, this lovely "Snowflake Niang" was pecked to death by an eagle. Xuanzong and Yang Guifei were very sad and buried it in the imperial garden, which was called "parrot burial". Xuanzong cherished his pet white parrot so much, not to mention his feelings for Yang Guifei. Yang Guifei's eldest sister's name is Mrs. Han, her third sister's name is Mrs. Guo and her eighth sister's name is Mrs. Qin. The powder should be100000 per month. Mrs. Guo ranked third, born beautiful and beautiful, not fake powder. Du Fu's "Mrs. Guo" said: "Mrs. Guo made a decisive decision and got on the horse in Kinmen. However, I thought that the powder was full of color and the moth eyebrows were supreme. " ("Detailed Explanation of Du Fu's Poems" Volume II) is a portrayal of the facts.
Because of Yang Guifei's favor, her brothers gave it to senior officials, even her distant brother Yang Zhao, who was originally a street rogue. Xuanzong gambled with Yang's sisters because of his good strategy, which made Yang Zhao calculate the gambling account and give him a name, and served as a branch doctor for more than ten times to manipulate the state affairs. Xuanzong went to Huaqingchi, taking the Yang family of five as his entourage. Every family has a team, wearing the same color, and five families unite in a colorful way. Jewelry falling along the way can be seen everywhere, shining, and its luxury is beyond measure. The Yang family married two princesses, two princesses, and Xuanzong personally wrote a temple monument for Yang. In July of the fifth year of Tianbao, Yang Guifei offended Xuanzong and was sent back to her family by Xuanzong. After the imperial concubine left the palace, Xuanzong couldn't eat, so Gao Lishi had to recall it again. According to official records, the fifty-first volume of the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty records that "in July of five years, the imperial concubine was sent back to the Yang family" and "Tianbao was nine years old, and the imperial concubine was sent back by imperial edict". The Book of the New Tang Dynasty (Volume 76) records that a few days ago, the princess returned to the first place with a task, which was worse than the middle. The emperor was angry because he didn't take care of the food. Gao Lishi wanted to test the emperor's intentions, Bai Yi paid the bill in the temple, and the wine and wine of Sinong were sent to the princess by car, and the emperor gave it to the imperial banquet. Lux knows the emperor's decree. It's night. Please call back the princess and enter Anxing Square with the key. When the princess saw the emperor, she knelt down and thanked him. The emperor was relieved and caressed Wei Liangwo. "Purple Tongzhi Sword" records that the princess was jealous, arrogant and rude, and was sent home in a rage. "These official books did not positively explain the process of this matter. They all said that Yang Guifei was sent back to her family because she made a mistake and offended Xuanzong. The reason recorded in Purple Tongzhi Sword is "jealousy and arrogance", but I still didn't say what happened. Unofficial history's Legend of Kaiyuan records that Princess Taizhen was often offended by jealousy and words. "Princess Taizhen was often offended by jealousy and words, and Gao Lishi was called to send her home.
It is not difficult to see that Yang Guifei is accused of being "jealous and arrogant". Many people suspect that Yang Guifei is jealous of Mei Fei, another concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. According to the biography of Mei Fei in Song Dynasty, "Mei Fei, whose real name is Jiang Caiping, entered the palace earlier than Yang Guifei 19 years. At that time, Wu Huifei, the favorite of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, died, and Xuanzong's heart was divided, so eunuch Gao Lishi suggested holding a beauty contest in the whole country. Gao Lishi came to Fujian and was surprised to see Jiang Caiping. Therefore, I took her back to the palace and dedicated her to Tang Xuanzong. " Jiang Caiping was not only beautiful in appearance, but also gentle, and soon captured Xuanzong's heart. Jiang Caiping loved elegance since he was a child, and he also liked the equally elegant plum blossom. Tang Xuanzong named her Mei Fei, and specially planted a piece of Merlin for her in the harem. When plum blossoms were in full bloom, Xuanzong and Mei Fei came here to admire flowers and sing poems, showing great love. Later, when Tang Xuanzong saw Yang Yuhuan again, he was fascinated by her charm, because they were both good at music and soon became bosom friends. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty tried his best to get Yuhuan, he stayed with Yang Fei every day and soon forgot about Mei Fei. Mei Fei is good at poetry and fu. One day, she wrote a poem "Welcome Beads" and asked someone to bring it to Xuanzong. When Xuanzong saw this poem, he remembered the past with Mei Fei. So, she was called into Cui Hua Xiting to catch up. Unexpectedly, Yang Guifei found out about it. She was very jealous and humiliated Xuanzong and Mei Fei. After all, Li Longji is the emperor. How can you let the imperial concubine learn such a lesson? In a rage, she was ordered to send Yang Guifei back to her family.
This matter has been circulating in history. However, there is no record of Mei Fei in Old Tang Shu, New Tang Shu or Zi Tong Zhi Jian by Sima Guang. Secondly, all the books we read about Mei Fei are from her biography. The Biography of Mei Fei has no author (some people think it was written by Tang, so there is no evidence. The scribe doesn't know who the author is, only that he was at the turn of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. Biography of Mei Fei is the earliest work to record the life story of Mei Fei. All other records about Mei Fei are later than this article, and most of them are copied from this article or added with legends. Thirdly, it is worth noting that there is a passage in the Biography of Mei Fei: "The person who paints beauties in this world belongs to Mei Fei. Generally speaking, Tang Huang is a human being, but he does not elaborate on himself." It means that Mei Fei in the current (Song Dynasty) ladies' paintings is generally from the Tang Dynasty, but her life experience is not well known. Therefore, Mr. Lu Xun said in A Brief History of Chinese Fiction: "The Biography of Mei Fei has no author, but there was a man named Mei Renmei Mei Fei at that time, who is said to be a person in the Tang Dynasty. Because this biography ... ". Zheng Zhenduo, a rigorous scholar, also denied the existence of Mei Fei. Finally, looking up the historical records of the Tang Dynasty, there is no record of Gao Lishi's beauty pageant in Fujian and Guangdong. Mei Fei Biography records that Yangdong Palace, where Mei Fei lived after being demoted, is located in Luoyang, the eastern capital. Luoyang is hundreds of miles away from Chang 'an, and the East Palace of Shang Yang has no West Pavilion of Cuihua Palace. Why did Tang Xuanzong call Mei Fei at night? After Yang Guifei knew, how could Mei Fei "retire to the East Palace"?
During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there was a special profession called "Flower and Bird Messenger", which was responsible for collecting beautiful women from the people to enrich the harem. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was a romantic son of heaven. He was tired of playing with Yang Guifei all day, so he cheated on these women. Yang Guifei was jealous and made a scene with Xuanzong; Xuanzong was angry, too. It's outrageous that the concubine should be in charge of the emperor's private life. So, in a fit of pique, he ordered "driving back". In this way, Yang Guifei was driven back to her family. As soon as the imperial concubine left, Tang Xuanzong's heart suddenly became vacant and he soon regretted it. That night, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took advantage of the darkness and sent an imperial guard to take the imperial concubine back from Yangjiazhong. After some tossing, their feelings quickly warmed up. Not only that, Xuanzong also brought three sisters, Yang Guifei, to Chang 'an, made them first-class ladies, and allowed them to enter and leave the palace gate at will. In the ninth year of Tianbao, Yang Guifei was sent back to her family again.
As for the reason why Yang Guifei was expelled this time, The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty has been published for 51 years, and Guifei replied and sent it back to the outside world. When treating China nobles kindly, Wen came in and said, "Women are not far away in wisdom and knowledge, and they are deeply concerned about sacred feelings. However, the nobles have been biting the hand that feeds them for a long time. Why not cherish a position in the palace and let it be slaughtered? I am afraid of being humiliated! " In the final decree, Zhang Taoguang was given a royal seal, and the princess sighed and said, "I am ashamed of my sacred face, and my crime is damn." Except clothes, everything is given by heaven, and nothing is left, but the hair and skin belong to parents. "This is a gift from a knife. Xuanzong was shocked to see it, although Lux called it back. There are only six words in Purple Tongzhi Sword, "Yang Guifei replied. "What is the purpose of Yang Guifei?" The Biography of Yang Taizhen records that in 750, one day in February of the ninth year of Tianbao, Yang Guifei secretly blew the purple jade emperor of Li Xian, the eldest brother of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and was seen by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and deliberately sent out of the palace. After the imperial concubine left the palace, she cut off a lock of hair and asked Zhang Taoguang to bring it to Xuanzong. Xuanzong was frightened, and Gao Lishi called her back.
These two statements are not credible, because Wang Ning died in November, the 29th year of Kaiyuan ((742 15 10, 65438)), and it has been eight years since Tianbao was nine years old (750). Yang Guifei can't have an affair with the dead. Only Zhang Hu, the author of Gathering Lingtai, can say that Yang Guifei is jealous of her sister. The second part: Mrs. Guo thanked her and rode into the palace gate. But it is not enough to show that Emei appears towards the supreme, because the color is too dirty. Moreover, during the Tianbao period, the relationship between Yang Guifei and her sisters has always been good, which shows that there is innocence between Yang Guifei and Mrs. Guo.
The expulsion of Yang Guifei this time may be that Xuanzong gave the Yang family a duel. Because of Yang Guifei's love, the Yang family has also become prominent. With the rise of status, the Yang family became lawless. Yang reception specifications exceed the prescribed limit; Take bribes wantonly; Not only that, they even rode on the heads of the royal family. It is recorded in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty: "When you go out and enter the palace, the voice of grace shakes the world. Every maid enters the class, and Princess Ying and others dare not be out of place. Princess Jianping and Princess Xincheng took care of the concubine family until the imperial court was sealed and the husband and wife lost their official positions. " The emperor's sister can only give up her seat in front of three young ladies and dare not sit down; The daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Princess Xincheng, had a problem with the Yang family, so she was reduced to collecting gifts from the inner government. If we don't deal with them, I'm afraid the whole country will become the Yang family. In Xuanzong's anger, the Yang family was supported by a powerful imperial concubine, so Yang Guifei was driven home again.
Yang Guifei was sent home this time because Xuanzong used the strategy of killing chickens to show monkeys, in order to destroy the prestige of the Yang family. This move is really clever, and the Yang family is panicked, but it is not easy to intercede. Yang Guifei is Lacrimosa all day. Because, this time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was not in a hurry to take back the imperial concubine, and there was no news after he was sent away. Although Xuanzong didn't send someone to pick up Yang Guifei, he still missed her. A man named Moon Hee came to lobby Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, which was exactly what Xuanzong wanted. Tang Xuanzong immediately sent someone to visit the imperial concubine and gave her half of his royal meal. Yang Guifei was moved to tears when she saw that the emperor sent someone to see her. She immediately knelt down to admit her mistake and cut off a lock of hair and gave it to Xuanzong. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw the hair of the imperial concubine, he sent Gao Lishi to take Yang Guifei back to the palace.
Yang Guifei knew that Xuanzong was even more arrogant without her. The Yang family "went in and out of the forbidden door without asking, and the Beijing officials looked askance." Chen Hong's "Song of Eternal Sorrow" records: Brother Ju said that all sisters and brothers were listed in the soil, and because of her, she lit up and glorified her clan; When a girl is born instead of a boy, she brings happiness to every father and mother in the empire. Died in the 14th year of Tianbao in Maweipo (AD 755), Fanyang, Pinglu and Hedong made An Lushan turn against Yang in name, and the soldiers pointed at Chang 'an. The following year, when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled with Yang Guifei and Yang to (now Chengdu, Sichuan) and passed through Mayi Post (now the west of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province), the imperial sergeant led by Chen unanimously demanded the execution of Yang and Yang Guifei, then defected and killed Yang with a knife.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty said that the imperial concubine was innocent and should be pardoned, but the imperial soldiers all thought that the imperial concubine was the beauty of the country. The Anshi Rebellion was caused by the imperial concubine. Without punishing her, it would be difficult to comfort the morale of the army, boost morale and continue to surround the emperor. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty accepted Gao Lishi's suggestion and had to give Yang a gift to protect himself. In the end, Yang Guifei was given a white silk and hanged under a pear tree in a Buddhist temple at the age of 38. This is the allusion in Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow": "A soldier in the army will be embarrassed if he doesn't move."
After the Anshi Rebellion was put down, Xuanzong returned to the palace and sent someone to look for Yang Guifei's body, but he didn't find it.
The records in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty are roughly the same as those in the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, so it can be seen that Yang Guifei really died in Maweipo. Legend has it that the imperial concubine is not dead, which may be just a good wish. Some people say that Yang Yuhuan may have died in a Buddhist temple. The Biography of Yang Guifei in Old Tang Dynasty records that after the imperial generals Chen and others killed Yang and his son, they thought that "the thief was still there" and demanded that Yang Guifei be killed again to avoid future troubles. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had no choice but to bid farewell to the imperial concubine and "hang the Buddhist temple". "Zi Tongzhi Jijiantang" records that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered eunuch Gao Lishi to take Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple and hang her. Tang Shi Bu records that Gao Lishi hanged Yang Guifei under the pear tree in the Buddhist temple. Chen Hong's Song of Eternal Sorrow records that Emperor Xuanzong knew that Yang Guifei was bound to die, but he couldn't bear to see her die, so he led the people away, "turned around hastily and died under the ruler group". The Biography of Yue Shi Yang Taizhen records that when Tang Xuanzong bid farewell to Yang Guifei, he "prayed for Buddha's respect". Gao Lishi hanged the imperial concubine under the pear tree in front of the Buddhist temple. Mr. Chen Yinque pointed out in the Manuscript of Bai Yuan's Poems: "It can be noted that Yue Shi said that the princess was hanged under a pear tree, probably influenced by the phrase" Spring rain is like a pear blossom "in Xiangshan (Bai Juyi). It's ridiculous to go. " The interpretation of Le Shi comes from the supplement of Tang Shi, while Li Zhao's interpretation is likely to be influenced by Song of Eternal Sorrow. Yang Guifei hanged herself in the Buddhist temple. Chen and the guards' general officers watched the process and confirmed that Yang Guifei had died before coming out to explain to the guards. It took a long time for the assembled soldiers to disperse and return to the ranks. Yang Guifei, who died in the army, may also die in the army. This theory is mainly found in the descriptions in some Tang poems. Du Fu wrote a poem "Mourning for the Head" in Chang 'an, which was occupied by An Lushan in the second year of Zhide (AD 757). One of the sentences, "Where are your bright eyes and white teeth today? A blood-stained elf is homeless and has nowhere to go", implies that Yang Guifei was not hanged in Mawei Post, because hanging will not lead to bloodshed. Poems such as "I ask you not to wash lotus blood again" and "I have too much blood and my horseshoe is exhausted" in Li Yi's seven sentences "Crossing the Horse Nest" and "Two Poems Crossing the Horse Nest" also reflect the scene that Yang Guifei was killed by the rebels and died by the sword. Du Mu's Thirty Rhymes of Huaqing Palace is full of blood and scattered feathers. Zhang has "Huaqing Palace and Sheren" and "Blood Buried Concubine"; Poems such as "Ma Yi Tie" say that "there is no evidence that the soul disappears, and the grass is sad when the blood is buried", and it is also believed that Yang Guifei's blood spilled on Ma Yi Tie, and she was not killed by shackles. There are other possibilities for Yang Guifei to swallow gold and die. For example, some people say that she swallowed gold and died. This statement is only found in Liu Yuxi's poem Ma Wei Xing. Liu's poem once wrote: "The green field helps the wind, Huang Chen rides on a horse, and the roadside boy is noble." The tomb is three or four feet high. But I asked Li's middle-aged children, and they all said that they were lucky in Shu, lucky in the military, and the son of heaven gave up the demon Ji. The princes crouched on the door screen, and the nobles held the emperor's clothes, with low eyes and beautiful weather. Why do you drink gold chips? Mu Ying has worn apricot Dan all his life, and the color is really the same. " Judging from this poem, Yang Guifei died of swallowing gold. Mr. Chen Yinque was curious about this statement and made textual research in Bai Yuan's poems and notes. Chen suspects that Liu Shi's theory that "the nobles drink gold scraps" comes from the mouth of "Li", so it is different from other people's statements. But Chen Ye did not rule out the possibility that Yang Guifei swallowed gold before being hanged, so the word "Li" came from this.
The emperor returned from Shu, made a visit, and was buried again. Li Wei, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, said: The soldiers of Long Wu killed the loyalty of the country and threatened chaos. Today, my old princess was reburied, for fear that the soldiers would get suspicious, the funeral was not feasible. It's a stop. In the imperial edict, the envoy was reburied in another place. When the first boil was wrapped in a purple mattress, the skin was rotten, but the sachet was still there. The officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs offered sacrifices, and the emperor looked very sad, making it look like a different temple, watching it day and night. (Old Tang Book, Volume 51, Biography of Yang Guifei)