According to the background at that time, if there were celebrities in the exam, we can now read as much information as possible about celebrities. The poems they write are basically related to their careers, living conditions and aspirations. This is probably the routine. If you don't understand and are afraid of making mistakes, you don't have to make a fuss about the details of the poem. Talk about the author's mentality and how to get 70% points in combination with the situation at that time.
Classical Chinese is not easy to master in a short time. I suggest taking a look at the twenty-four histories. If you read the subjective questions smoothly, you can naturally answer a general question. Look at the material and pay more attention to verbs and prepositions. To sum up, I think it is difficult to understand ancient and modern Chinese because verbs are so different from our action expressions. In addition, ancient Chinese should be accumulated frequently and cannot be reviewed systematically. Perhaps, practicing a classical Chinese every day is much better than memorizing some words and using them.
Regular contact will naturally get used to it. I didn't lose a penny of ancient Chinese in the college entrance examination. There may be immature places above, I hope to understand.
Finally, I wish you good grades ~ ~ ~.
2. Online search for college entrance examination language is for reference only: 1. Principle: Classical Chinese translation requires accurate expression and must follow the principle of "literal translation first, free translation second". The meaning of words in a sentence cannot be changed at will.
Omission should be supplemented, and the translation of special sentence patterns should be adjusted according to the grammatical norms of modern Chinese to achieve fluency. 2. Standard: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance.
Letter: it is required to accurately express the original intention, without adding, leaking or distorting it. Rita: I want to be clear and fluent, and the language is not bad.
Ya: It is required to choose words and make sentences, with beautiful writing and expressive force. 3. Methods: Add, delete, adjust, keep and change.
Add: add content and keep sentences flowing. Delete: remove redundant and complicated elements to make sentences concise.
Mood: When encountering special sentence patterns, it is necessary to adjust the position of some grammatical elements in the sentence to better conform to the grammatical norms of modern Chinese. Leave: For names, places, time nouns and proper nouns, the original words are generally kept.
Change: when some content impairs the elegance of the whole sentence, change the conflicting content. [Example] Say the meaning of the following sentence in modern Chinese.
Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
The answer should be "don't be happy or sad because of the quality of foreign things or your own gains and losses." Classical Chinese translation skills Students can still do some multiple-choice questions when doing classical Chinese, but the translation questions are difficult to grasp. Is it really difficult to translate classical Chinese? In fact, as long as you master the method, you can certainly do better.
The basic requirements of classical Chinese translation are faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. These three meanings are: accurately express the meaning of the article; The translated articles should be clear and unobstructed; Good literary talent.
These questions are still very difficult for many students. How to translate classical Chinese scientifically, efficiently and in place has become the key for students to solve problems.
1. In recent years, the way of classical Chinese proposition in college entrance examination will follow the following rules: 1. Selection criteria-simple and easy to highlight, should be reflected in the following aspects: (1). Judging from the vocabulary used in the article, it is mainly common words and sub-common words in classical Chinese. (2) Judging from the grammatical structure in the article, the classical Chinese sentence patterns in middle school Chinese textbooks are mainly adopted.
(3) Judging from the genre of the article, it is mainly biographical prose. (4) From the perspective of the scope of the article, the connection with ancient cultural background knowledge is relatively loose, and allusions are rarely used.
(5) From the overall style of the article, it is a typical classical Chinese work. This year's format is basically the same as previous years.
3. The number of words translated is still about 40 words. Second, analyze the sentence setting and grasp the key points of investigation.
Every year, the college entrance examination always chooses sentences with key words and important grammatical phenomena. 1. Accumulating important real words and important function words is a common test content and one of the scoring points.
2. Routine-flexible use of parts of speech, fixed structures and special sentence patterns. Familiar with the following six important translation methods: 1. Stay. All words and proper nouns with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, such as country name, year number, emperor name, title, place name, person name, thing name, book title, etc. , you can keep it, you don't need to make any changes.
2. Yes, translate the words from monosyllabic to disyllabic. There are two main situations in translation: (1) adding a synonym or synonym before or after the original monosyllabic word to synthesize a disyllabic word (the original word is one of the morphemes).
For example, "Gong Liu could not bear to guess, but resented and rebelled. If he does not go, it will be a disaster. (Jiangsu Volume) Translation: Liu Zaizhi is suspicious and cannot be cruel. He hates it more and likes betrayal more. If he doesn't leave (him), he is bound to suffer disaster.
(2) change a completely different word. I have no gifts to leave the country. I have done my duty and can no longer think about my people.
Jiangxi Volume Translation: As long as I let no one in the country owe taxes, my duty will be completed, and I can no longer consider your people. 3. Disassemble, there are two monosyllabic words in classical Chinese and only one disyllabic word in vernacular Chinese. For such words, it is necessary to split them into two monosyllabic words for translation, instead of using the meaning of disyllabic words in vernacular Chinese.
For example, as the old saying goes,' right and wrong' should be translated into' this is not' and' equipment' should be translated into' setting up precautions'. 4. Add and supplement the omitted elements of sentences and the new content after flexible use of words.
( 1)。 The omitted part of the sentence must be filled in.
For example, wandering between youth, wealth, ice and age is different from making friends. Zhong Changtong studied in Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Bingzhou and Jizhou, and most people who made friends with him thought he was different.
(2) When parts of speech are used in daily life, the new content after flexible use must be supplemented according to the types of flexible use. For example, Guo Yizhi praised White King.
Guo was very surprised and took a piece of paper to tell him. 5. Delete, some function words in classical Chinese have no practical meaning, or are modal auxiliary words, or indicate pause, or fill syllables, or play a connecting role, which can be deleted in translation without hard translation.
For example, Guy Chen Zhong upholds justice (National Volume 1) Translation: Loyal ministers stick to morality. 6. Tone, adjust the inverted sentences of classical Chinese to conform to the habits of modern grammar.
For example, a locust tree is planted in front of the door, with sparse branches and leaves, and sometimes it is fed by elk. Hubei Volume: There is a locust tree in front of the house, with lush foliage. He often cooks porridge for hungry people under the tree.
Fourth, adhere to the four steps to ensure accurate answers. 1. exam, before translating sentences, we should first examine the key words and important grammatical phenomena in classical Chinese sentences, because these are the scoring points in the college entrance examination, so we must think carefully to ensure the accuracy of the state.
2. Cut the classical Chinese sentences into words one by one, and then explain them one by one with the six methods introduced above. 3. Lian, according to the habits of modern Chinese, connects the meanings of one explanation into a sentence with fluent semantics.
4. Write the above sentences on the answer sheet. Pay attention to neat handwriting, clear strokes and no typos.
By doing the above, you can basically get all the scores in classical Chinese.
3. How to learn Chinese in high school and get high marks? We divide Chinese into several small parts. The first part is the appreciation of classical Chinese. The basic knowledge of compulsory one to compulsory five must be mastered in place, whether the content words can be mastered correctly, whether the function words can be mastered, and whether the sentence patterns can be mastered; Whether the cultural common sense involved in the textbook is clear; And whether the key entity words in extracurricular classical Chinese spoken by the teacher are clearly remembered. The second part is whether poetry appreciation is familiar with the articles that must be memorized; Have you mastered the common questions and the techniques and rhetoric involved in poetry in class (you can make some summaries after class), and try to see divergent thinking. The third part is a minor problem. I focused on idioms and sick sentences, as well as essays. I wonder if the focus of the college entrance examination has changed now? However, the methods are similar, that is, mastering the methods, and then doing more and practicing to find the feel.
The fourth part is reading. In fact, the method of reading is similar to that of poetry. You must be aware of society and be able to transfer your feelings. Understanding the article and the author is the most important thing, and then you can carry out the routines that the teacher said, such as answering questions in different points. The fifth part is that composition is really a very abstract topic. During the college entrance examination, the teacher kept telling us routines, memorizing compositions and formats, but most people still couldn't write them, and it was still a headache to see the composition (including my own 555). The most important thing in writing is that you should do something by yourself and have a feeling about the center of this article.
Part of it is the examination of questions, and the examination of questions must first clarify the object. Most materials may involve two or more objects. If there is no obvious distinction between these objects, it doesn't matter. You can extract your own opinions. However, if these objects are not parallel and have primary and secondary relations, then we should distinguish primary and secondary when examining the questions, and analyze them from the primary object rather than the secondary object, otherwise problems may arise.
In addition, some materials may involve several objects, and there are certain internal relations between these objects. When reviewing questions, we must distinguish the possible relationships between these objects. There are also some materials that use metaphor or implied philosophy. When examining the questions, we should first carefully analyze and ponder, so as to reveal the meaning or truth contained in the materials and take it as the basis for our conception.
Then there is the dough roll, which seems to have been emphasized. Writing is really important, and it's easy to get points. Your handwriting doesn't need to be beautiful, just neat. Uh-huh.
I only think so much for the time being. Anyway, read more books and learn more. China's classical poems are mainly read in class (if you are interested, you can read them after class, which is also helpful). In this case, if you implement it step by step, you will get good grades and your efforts will always bear fruit.
4. Chinese classical Chinese answering skills and routine problem-solving skills What Chinese classical Chinese answering skills and routines are divided into two parts:
The first part: classical Chinese reading. Formula: Try to understand, but don't ask for an answer.
(1) Look at the last topic first to understand the general content and main events. (unless this question requires "choose the right one")
(2) Then take "Who?" "When and where to do what?" "What was the result?" "Why?" Read the article silently, read it carefully, layer the article according to the "events" and sort out the ideas of the article.
Don't worry when you encounter words you really don't understand, you must use them at the same time? Or other marks to remind yourself to read the following text first, maybe you can understand it naturally after contacting the context, or you can find the answer in the topic.
Part II: How to answer questions.
1. Interpretation of notional words in classical Chinese: This question often examines knowledge points such as polysemous notional words, ancient and modern synonyms, loanwords, biased words and flexible use of parts of speech. Answering skills: the comprehension of real words is not entirely about whether you remember the meaning of real words, but more importantly, whether you can use the context to speculate.
5. Classical Chinese in the high school Chinese examination room 1 About the answer method of high school Chinese: For vocabulary, typos, pronunciation and the like, it is mainly accumulated in peacetime, that is, doing more exercises, and the skill is mainly exclusion, which is the best answer method for all objective questions. But remember, no matter what exercises or reciting we usually do, the purpose is to understand all the words you see. The principle of answering questions in the exam is to choose the best answer, even if we don't know, we can rule it out. For reading comprehension, including the subjective questions of classical Chinese and modern Chinese, the key is to grasp the main idea of the article, from the key sentences to the general idea of the paragraph to the main idea of the full text. These have clearly shown that any subjective question can be answered. In the way of answering questions, you write such sentence patterns vividly, and there are many answers to those exercises, such as objective, fair and vivid. As for the latter content, it is the three elements mentioned above, and then the principle is to make the best use of the original text and refine it a little. Finally, the mentality of doing subjective questions is to get 90 points instead of 100 points, because personal thoughts can't be exactly the same, and getting 100 points is luck.
Especially when it comes to classical Chinese, accumulation is of course important, and any study is inseparable from accumulation. But if you say that it is basically unnecessary to cope with the college entrance examination, it is enough to read at most any book in Four Great Classical Novels, and then there are extracurricular reading materials in many places, which is enough for you to digest, but it is really unnecessary. Therefore, the key lies in the teaching materials. You only need to recite all the texts from junior high school to senior high school to 80% (famous sentences, paragraphs, articles 100%). Just make clear all the annotated words in the text itself, and the teacher will add something with sentence grammar! In short, it is to grasp the textbook, grasp the textbook and then grasp the textbook! By accumulation, we mean accumulating things in textbooks, okay?
Finally, I will tell you a secret of the college entrance examination: there are no subjects in the college entrance examination, and extracurricular content will not be tested, which is stipulated by law. I believe that your teacher's level will not make fun of your future. All the questions in the college entrance examination can find a corresponding relationship with what they have learned in the textbook. The so-called good topic is actually to find a combination point between the appearance of extracurricular content and the knowledge points in class. If you do a topic on the same day, you will know the purpose of the questioner and where the test center is after reading the topic. The basis for this is 1. You should be as familiar as possible with all the test sites included in the textbook. Learn to guess the meaning of the topic when practicing, so the so-called difficulty depends entirely on yourself. Accumulation is very important, especially the accumulation of textbook knowledge points!
6. High school Chinese answering routine 1, the choice of words depends on accumulation, and it doesn't take long to recite. As long as you meet them at ordinary times, just pay attention to them. Special memory is like looking for a needle in a haystack, which is of little use.
2. If your reading ability of scientific articles is poor, you should pay attention to the hierarchical structure of the articles when reading, and you don't have to take the time to do it. If you manage well, your thinking ability can be improved.
3, the short answer is not good. There may be some answer patterns that you haven't understood yet. No matter what the question is, no matter what it becomes, we should answer it from the aspects of content, structure and central theme. I suggest you do some real college entrance examination questions. If not, remember some answers deliberately. Also, the book "Inquiry Reading" is quite good, you can try it.
4, composition is the usual accumulation. Language articles depend on Zhang Kangkang; The center and intention depend on Lu Xun and so on. Read magazines at ordinary times, relax your brain and improve your Chinese.