Stars in Spring Water is recognized as the highest achievement of the poem, and it is paradoxically called "starry sky lattice" and "spring water body". The theme it embodies is: maternal love, nature and innocence, which constructs Bing Xin's ideological core "philosophy of love".
"Spring Water" is a companion piece of "Stars", which consists of 182 short poems. It was also published in the morning paper first, but the spring water came out three months later than the stars.
In Spring Water, although Bing Xin is still praising maternal love, affection, childlike innocence and nature, she has used more space to implicitly express the troubles and anguish of herself and her generation of young intellectuals. She tells her feelings in a gentle and sad tone, while exploring the meaning of life and expressing her desire to know the true face of the world.
With her unique femininity, Bing Xin wrote two poems, Stars and Springs, in fresh and beautiful language, forming a unique artistic style. First, a strong philosophy is a major artistic feature of Stars and Springs. Many poems in Stars and Spring Water are philosophical poems with profound thoughts. These profound thoughts are often combined with the concrete images depicted in poems and the profound thoughts of poets, so they still have poetic feelings and aesthetic feelings. Secondly, tenderness is another remarkable feature of Bing Xin's poems. Bing Xin's poems show a feminine tenderness everywhere. With the lyric style of "full of tenderness and sadness", she sings pure love with deep and strong feelings and depicts the beauty of nature. At the same time, it also expressed condemnation of some social ugly phenomena in a unique way. Third, the words are gentle and elegant, with natural rhythm and beautiful artistic conception. The words and expressions in Stars and Spring Water seem to be handy, revealing a gentle and elegant style everywhere.
The poem Bing Xin Ti has been popular for several years in the imitation of poets. Liu Dabai, Ye, Xu Yunuo, Zong Baihua, etc. Have written many small poems with their own characteristics. These short poems implicitly express the poet's unique interest in ordinary things and the change of his feelings in an instant with real and concise words. Together with Bing Xin's poems, they form a glittering and translucent and distant star, always flashing on the road of the development of new poetry. Flowers in the morning and flowers in the evening are the only collection of reminiscence essays written by Lu Xun, originally named Reminiscence of Time Past, which has always received rave reviews. The author said that these articles are "memoirs" copied from memory. This book is a collection of Lu Xun's 1926' s reminiscence essays, with ten articles in total. The first five articles were written in Beijing and the last five in Xiamen. At first, it was published in the semi-monthly "Mangyuan" with the theme of "recalling the past". 1July, 927, Lu Xun re-edited it in Guangzhou, adding Xiao Yin and postscript. The collection was completed in September, 1928, and it was renamed as "Morning Flower". Published by Beijing Weiming Society in September, 1928 is listed as one of the "unknown new collections" compiled by the author. Reprinted in February 1929. In September, the third edition 1932 was reorganized and published by Shanghai Beifang New Bookstore. The cover of this book was painted by Tao.
Spend early and spend late * * * earned 10 works. Including: dogs, cats and mice who hate cats; I miss my eldest mother, mourn her misfortune, and I am angry at her indisputable "Achanghe"; Criticize the hypocrisy and cruelty of feudal filial piety; Wu Canghui showed the shadow of feudal paternalism; Depicting impermanence, superstition and intoxicating messengers in legends; From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "Three Ponds Printing the Moon" —— About childhood: exposing the quack's "father's disease"; Notes describing the evil and disgusting image of YanTaitai; Mr. Fujino, the Japanese teacher who appreciates Lu Xun most; Fan Ainong, a fellow countryman friend who was down and out all his life. Flowers in the morning and flowers in the evening combine memories of the past with real life, which fully shows the author's great enthusiasm for caring about life and reforming society.
These ten essays are Memoirs of Memories (preface to selected works of three leisure collections), which completely record Lu Xun's life track and experience from childhood to youth, vividly depict the life picture of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and are important artistic documents for studying Lu Xun's early ideological life and society at that time. These chapters are profound and meaningful, and they are classics in China's modern prose. Many of these works have been included in junior high school textbooks, such as From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue, which shows that it plays a very important role in education. "Camel Xiangzi" is based on the whereabouts of Xiangzi, a rickshaw driver in Beiping (now Beijing), the life of Beijing citizens in the late 1920s and Xiangzi's bumpy and miserable life experience as the main line. It deeply exposes the darkness of old China, accuses the ruling class of exploiting and oppressing laborers, expresses the author's deep sympathy for the working people, and shows people the picture that the poor citizens at the bottom of Beijing are living in the abyss of pain under the warlord scuffle and dark rule. From the story of Xiangzi's attempt to get rid of the tragic fate of life through personal struggle, he finally failed or even degenerated, warning people that it is impossible for poor urban farmers to turn over and become masters by personal struggle alone. Camel Xiangzi came out and was translated into more than ten languages, which had a great influence.
Mainly tells the sad story of rickshaw pullers in old Beijing. This paper denounces the immoral people who oppress the people, exposes the exploitation and oppression of laborers in the dark old society, accuses the old society of turning people into ghosts, expresses the author's deep sympathy for the working people, criticizes selfish and narrow individualism, and reveals that individual struggle is not the theme for the working people to get rid of poverty and change their situation. It also shows that people are animals that change with the environment and are the most vulnerable. The ugliness of human nature is exposed here. Camel Xiangzi is a tragedy described by Lao She with sympathetic brushstrokes: in Beijing in the 1920s, a hardworking and sturdy lowlife struggled hard with a beautiful dream of getting rich, and was finally swallowed up by a dark storm. Revealed the slave psychology and hope of the "little people" at that time. With the suicide of Xiangzi's beloved woman Xier, Xiangzi put out the last spark of personal struggle. This is the typical fate of poor citizens in old China and old Beijing.
Camel Xiangzi is a classic of modern vernacular novels, which uses a lot of descriptions of local conditions and customs in Beijing dialect and old Beijing.
Camel Xiangzi was first published in Cosmic Wind magazine (1936), and 10 People's Literature Publishing House (1955) published a new monograph. Lao She made some modifications and deleted the second half of chapter 23 and the whole chapter 24. The complete works of Lao She published by People's Literature Publishing House in 1980s, 1982, restored the original appearance of the old edition.
There is a saying in Camel Xiangzi that "money will lead people into a bad society, put aside noble ideals and willingly go to hell." It not only vividly describes that the lower class people, after endless grief, pass on their resentment of social injustice to money. In fact, what is evil is not money, but an unhealthy mentality. It is this distorted cynicism that depicts the social sorrow and human sorrow and constitutes a social tragedy! Gulliver's Travels is an outstanding satirical novel by Swift. Since its publication more than two centuries ago, it has been translated into dozens of languages and widely circulated all over the world. The works reflect the social contradictions in Britain in the first half of the18th century, expose the corruption and evil of the ruling group at that time, and attack the war of aggression and colonialism. Although it satirizes the court and politicians, this work transcends the limitations of its time and place, especially the first two parts, and is considered as one of the great treasures of literature. Defoe (1660- 173 1), the author of Robinson Crusoe, is known as the father of English novels and newspapers. Born into a Protestant family opposed to the Anglican Church, his father was a businessman and he was in business himself. His articles influenced the development of later periodical articles and newspapers, and he was arrested many times for his remarks. Defoe didn't start writing novels until he was 59 years old, which shows the outstanding talent of novelists. Robinson Crusoe is Defoe's first literary work, published in 17 19. This is also the most successful and famous novel in his life. Robinson, the hero of the novel, was born in a relatively wealthy family, but he resolutely abandoned the comfortable family life and was willing to associate with the waves and realize his dream of sailing. He sailed to London, Africa and Brazil, where he was hijacked by pirates and became a slave, but he finally saved the day. On a voyage to Africa, unfortunately, the whole ship was destroyed by a big storm, and only Robinson survived and drifted to a desert island, from which he began his island life for 28 years. On the desolate and lonely desert island, Robinson struggled against all kinds of difficulties alone with his pioneering spirit of daring to take risks and create, and finally regained his freedom. On a desert island with serious material shortage, Robinson built a humble abode with his own hands, surrounded by fences, and made his own necessities such as clothes and utensils. He also keeps wild animals in captivity and grows many crops himself. Finally, he made the desert island beautiful and rich, and lived a happy life instead of being overwhelmed by difficulties. In this work, the author warmly praised Robinson's indomitable will and indomitable spirit. He is not only a brave and tenacious adventurer, but also a doer who loves labor and life. Robinson's story praises the spirit of labor and the struggle between man and nature. It tells us that as long as we have ambition, perseverance and creative courage, we can do extraordinary things. After the publication of Robinson Crusoe, it was deeply loved and welcomed by readers and soon became popular all over the world.