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Boarding ① Wang Song Anshi Jingkou in Guazhou ② Guazhou ③ Yishui ④ ⑤ Zhongshan ⑤ Only a few mountains apart. The spring breeze is green. Jiang Nanan, when will the bright moon shine on me? [ 1]
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① Berthing: Stop the ship, berth and berth. ② Jingkou: in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, on the south bank of the Yangtze River. (3) Guazhou: the north bank of the Yangtze River, the southern suburb of Yangzhou, that is, the Yangtze River in the south of Hanjiang District of Yangzhou City. (Foothold) ④ Yishui: The word "Yishui" here refers to the Yangtze River. ⑤: Pay attention to reading instead of the verb "interval". The word "sword" must be flat. Yishuijian is a part-of-speech phrase, with the same internal structure as Perseverance, Steps, Moment and Difference of One Thought, with the head word "Yishui" and the finite element "Yishui". Jingkou and Guazhou share a river. I don't want to talk about their isolation ⑥ Zhongshan: Purple Mountain in Nanjing today. ⑥ separation: interval. ⑧ Number of layers: read shù chóng ⑨ Green: blow green. There is also "Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan". Volume 29 is Zi. According to Zhang's Notes on Wang Jingwen's Poems, Volume 43 of "Shadow Book Involving Gardens".
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Jingkou and Guazhou are separated only by a Yangtze River, and there are only a few mountains from Jingkou to Zhongshan. The spring breeze has turned the banks of the Yangtze River green again. When will the bright moon shine on me and return to my hometown?
Editorial appreciation of this work
Enjoy 1
The title of the poem "Dengguazhou" points out the poet's foothold. The first sentence "Jingkou Guazhou is a water room" describes the scenery in front of us. The poet stood at Guazhou Ferry on the north bank of the Yangtze River and looked south. He saw that the "Jingkou" on the south bank is so close to Guazhou, just across a river, and he couldn't help thinking that Zhongshan, where his home is located, is only a few mountains away, and not far away. It is pointed out that the season is spring, and the scenery on the south bank of the Yangtze River is depicted. The word "green" means blowing green, and it is used wonderfully. It is said that Wang Anshi changed the word more than ten times in order to make good use of it, and finally chose the word "green" from more than ten verbs, such as "to", "to" and "to", because other words only express the arrival of spring breeze, but not the arrival of spring. Unconsciously, on the first day of the bright moon, the poet imagined a picture of "the bright moon shines on me" with questions, further expressing the poet's homesickness and expressing the poet's homesickness!
Appreciate II
The first four-character poem touches the scene, and through the description of spring scenery, it shows the poet's helplessness in coming out as an official this time and his urgent desire to return to Jiangning. The first two sentences describe his trip to the north, but the poet just looks back at Jiangning in Beijing, showing his complicated psychology of not wanting to go to work. The last two sentences describe his heart with scenery, which not only brings him relief from political reform, but also has the idea of retiring as soon as possible. When the poet looks back at Jiangnan, the land in Jiangnan is green, which is of course the spring breeze. However, officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at Guazhou Ferry and Zhongshan Moon and sighed, "When will the Moon shine on me?" The poet wants to leave the officialdom early, which is very touching. This poem is not only lyrical by scenery, but also rich in narrative and broad in realm. The style of writing is fresh, and rhetoric exercises are the most talked about. According to Hong Mai's "Rong Zhai Essay", the original sentence "Spring breeze is greener in Jiang Nanan" means "Spring breeze reaches Jiang Nanan", and the word "arrival" is circled, and the note says "bad". Change it to "pass", change it to "enter" and change it to "full" after turning around.
Appreciation 3
The Appreciation Dictionary of Tang Poetry published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House commented on Wang Anshi's poem "Dengguazhou" in this way: "The first sentence is' There is a Guazhou Waterhouse in Jingkou', and he wrote in a pleasant style that he crossed the river from Jingkou and arrived in Guazhou. The word' Yishuifang' describes sailing quickly and arriving instantly. The second sentence is' Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains', and he wrote his comments on Zhongshan with an attachment. " The word "spring breeze" is both realistic and political. Song Shenzong's imperial edict restored Wang Anshi's appearance and showed his determination to carry out the new law. The poet is happy about this. He hopes to use this warm spring breeze to dispel the cold current in politics and create a new situation in political reform. The word' green' also expresses the poet's inner contradiction and expresses the author's desire to resign and return home as soon as possible. It is very representative to analyze the poems of "Dengguazhou" with such a strong political color. However, there is an unreasonable contradiction in this analysis: the poet can neither have the joy of being recalled to Beijing if he wants to resign as soon as possible, nor have the idea of resigning as soon as he takes office in Beijing. The two are like fire and water, and fire and water are incompatible. I am ecstatic. The homesickness of the so-called "when the bright moon shines on me" is just an affectation and cannot be taken seriously. The "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" in the bones is an optimistic description of the implementation prospect of the new law and the poet's inner empathy for the joy of governance. The emotional tone of this poem is cheerful and optimistic. The above two theories have always been interpreted. However, interpreting this poem as a political lyric is not in line with the poet's specific experience and mood when he created it, nor with the connotation of the artistic image constructed by the poem itself. Boating in Guazhou should be a pure homesick poem, and its emotional tone should be melancholy, without light, joy and optimism. The poet was 55 years old when he wrote this poem. In recent years, he has been circumventing the new law. Therefore, the implementation of the new law is very difficult. Therefore, Wang Anshi, who had some negative thoughts, experienced two defeats because of the implementation of the new law, and was exhausted physically and mentally, and had a strong sense of boredom with politics. During his dismissal from office, he wrote many poems describing natural scenery and expressing leisure. Wang Anshi resigned twice and was not allowed to resume the use of the imperial court, which shouldered the heavy responsibility of "peace chapter", which was very reluctant. After he came to power, he repeatedly requested to remove the post of Prime Minister, and finally got his wish in the second year after his comeback. He was dismissed again and returned to his hometown of Jiangning, where he lived a comfortable and secluded life. It can be seen from this short comeback process that returning to the DPRK is not what Wang Anshi expected, but he is keen on it. On the contrary, he also regarded his comeback as a fearful road and refused to resign many times. Obviously, in such a state of mind, it is inevitable that his words will not be filled with melancholy, sadness and depression, and it is inevitable that he will not have a deep attachment to his hometown. How can he express his rejoicing at the return of "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan"? From the poem itself, the conclusion of the poem "When will the bright moon shine on me" is the main theme of the whole poem. It sets a melancholy and sad emotional tone for the whole poem in the form of expressing one's mind directly, and clearly tells people that the poet has no joy in returning to politics, and is even more eager to try. On the contrary, the poet is far from reaching the capital, his hometown has not disappeared from sight, and he sincerely sends home. The bright moon sent me away today. When will the bright moon send me back? The official career is sinister, and good or bad luck is unpredictable. The word "dang" is a heavy sigh from the heart of the poet, which contains the poet's worries about the sinister career and the future of the implementation of the new law. The poem is deeply worried and the style is very desolate. What I heard was a sad sigh, a true and natural expression of the poet's depressed mentality. Judging from the emotional tone of homesickness set in the conclusion, Guazhou in Jingkou can't be the time to write the poet's relaxed mood when the ship speed is emphasized. Like "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains", it emphasizes the distance between the mountains and rivers in my hometown and the poets who traveled to Guazhou in Jiangbei at this time. At this time, the poet "berthed in Guazhou" and looked back at the south. The familiar and cordial "Jingkou" was only separated by water, but "Zhongshan" reflected the poet's psychological distance. Because his hometown is so close, he can't reach it, but he can see the reality far away. And as time goes on, the distance will get bigger and bigger. What's more, he doesn't know when he will come back and when he will see the mountains and rivers in his hometown again. He may even be more pessimistic about whether he can return to his hometown in the future. The poet used the writing art of combining far and near and complementing each other. Euphemism implicitly shows the poet's deep sadness and helplessness, and shows his great sense of loss and loneliness. In fact, the distance between the Yangtze River and several mountains is also great, so the poet wrote recently to emphasize the poet's strong attachment to his hometown, which is the natural expression of his homesickness. How can I make him have a relaxed and happy mood? It is precisely because the theme of this poem is to express deep homesickness that the focus of the third sentence "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" in the poem does not fall on the description of the beautiful spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, as the general theorists say. Its linguistic focus is not the word "green" but the word "tour". The reason why people especially appreciate the vivid, colorful and infectious description of beautiful spring scenery by the adjective "green" as a verb lies in the well-known story of refined Chinese characters recorded in Hong Mai's Rong Zhai Xu. In fact, Wang Anshi is not deliberately describing the beauty of spring scenery in Jiangnan here. He focused on the word "you" rather than the word "green". He wants to express "Spring Breeze" and knows that the annual "Green Jiang Nanan" is also well known. As for the poet himself, the word "you" is a true portrayal of the poet's infinite homesickness, which is hard to get rid of. It is precisely because of the first three sentences, the feelings of cascading layers in the landscape, and the dripping pen of "When will the bright moon shine on me" that homesickness naturally emerges and develops to the extreme. From this point of view, Wang Anshi's "boating in Guazhou" and
Appreciation 4
Comment on Wang Anshi's "Dengguazhou" published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House: This poem was written in February of 1075 (Xining 8th year). At that time, Wang Anshi went to Beijing for the second time and sailed to Guazhou. The first sentence, "Guazhou in Jingkou is a water room", uses a pleasant style to write that he crossed the river from Jingkou and arrived in Guazhou. Wang Anshi fell in love with Zhongshan and settled in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) with his father Wang Yi on 1037 (the fourth year of Jingyou). Since then, Jiangning has become his resting place. After the first strike, he lived in Zhongshan, Jiangning (now Zijinshan, Nanjing). The word "only separated" is very close to Zhongshan. The interval between several mountain knives is so common. In fact, after all, Zhongshan was blocked by "many mountains", so the poet turned his attention to the river bank. The ancients said: "Looking at the autumn clouds, the gods fly away and the spring breeze is mighty." The third sentence, "The spring breeze is green, Jiang Nanan", depicts the beautiful spring scenery on the river bank and places the poet's mighty feelings. Among them, the word "green" has been carefully selected and is very expressive. Hong Mai's "Duo Zhai Xu" notes "bad". Change it to' country' and change it to' gold' around it. Change it to' people'. If it is ten words, it is defined as' green'. The author thinks that the words' Dao',' Guo',' Jin' and' Man' are not ideal, and only the word' Qing' is the most accurate warning. The word "green" opens up a new layer. Considering the wonderful effect of the spring breeze, the invisible spring breeze is transformed into a clear visual image-the spring breeze blows, the grass grows, and the river bank is green for thousands of miles. This writes the spirit of spring breeze, and poetic thinking is much deeper. Secondly, the vibrant scenery described in this sentence is in harmony with the poet's happy mood of being recalled to Beijing, and the word "spring breeze" is used. And political alienation. "Spring breeze" actually refers to the emperor's favor. Song Shenzong's imperial edict restored Wang Anshi's phase, indicating his determination to implement the new law. The poet is happy about this. He hopes to warm the spring breeze, dispel the cold current of politics and create a new situation of political reform. This kind of mood is expressed by the word "green", which is the most subtle and subtle. Thirdly, the word "green" also reveals the poet's inner contradictions. It is his ideal in life to retire to the mountains and sing about his family. Because of his strong resistance to political reform, he himself was fiercely attacked by the opposition. The beautiful Zhongshan and the quiet mountain forest attracted him deeply. "Songs of the South" calls a hermit: "If Wang Sun doesn't come back, the spring grass will be sad." Wang Wei's farewell: "Spring grass is green every year, but what about you, my friend Prince?" ? ",are associated with grass green and homesickness. This sentence was secretly incorporated into the poems of predecessors, expressing the author's desire to resign and return to China as soon as possible. This wish was not clearly revealed until the end of the judgment. Needless to say, in the Tang Dynasty, there were many examples of Spring Breeze holding six green knives. Li Bai's "The waiter Yichun Garden gave a letter to Chu Qing to listen to the new Yingge": "The spring breeze is green and the grass is green, purple and purple. Green Lake has gone up the hill. " The article "A Respectful Answer to Mr. Li": "Green and green, clear sky, Wan Li, riverside, red face, wild water and sky" all provide reference for Wang Anshi, but from the depth of expressing thoughts and feelings, the above examples are inferior. So this sentence can be said to be shine on you and better than blue. Anyway, "When will the bright moon shine on me?" In terms of time, it is night. On the first day of the bright moon, although the scenery on the other side disappeared in the hazy moonlight, his attachment to Zhongshan became deeper and deeper. He believed that he would jump into the old forest one day, so he expressed this idea with a rhetorical question at the end. "Words often change, and when they come out." (On Meng Tong) This poem won the title of "Transcendent Miron, Can Catch up with Du Li Xie Tao" (On zhouyan's Poetry).
Comment on editing this poem
This is a famous lyric poem, which expresses the poet's deep affection for overlooking the south of the Yangtze River and missing his hometown. Literally, this poem shows his nostalgia for his hometown and his desire to fly across the river to reunite with his relatives. In fact, there is also a strong desire to return to politics and implement the New Deal between the lines. When the poet looks back at the south of the Yangtze River, the earth is green, which is of course spring breeze, but isn't that lush seedling green, too? However, officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at Guazhou Ferry and the bright moon in Zhongshan and sighed, "When will the bright moon shine on me?" The poet's desire to leave the officialdom in the wrong place early reflects the author's desire to return to his hometown without interest disputes, which is very touching. This poem is not only lyrical and picturesque, but also full of emotion and an open realm. Fresh style. The most talked about is rhetorical exercises. Among them, the word "green" can be understood by the poet's modification of words, and the blowing is changed to green in order to be vivid. Before that, Wang Anshi changed his words several times and finally changed it to "Qing".
Edit the introduction of the author of this paragraph.
Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086) was a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty. He was born in Fuchuan Linchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi). He is the young Wang Anshi.
[2] At that time, the article was well written and was appreciated by Ouyang Xiu. Wang Anshi became a scholar at the age of 20 and worked as several local officials. When he was a county official in Yinxian (now Yinxian, Zhejiang), it happened that the disaster there was serious and the people's lives were very difficult. Wang Anshi built water conservancy, improved traffic and managed it in an orderly way. 1085 (Yuanfeng eight years)1000061kloc-0/06, the new law was abolished, and Wang Anshi suffered from anxiety and died the following year. Wang Anshi struggled to realize his political ideal all his life, and closely linked literary creation with political activities. Because of his "applicable" concept of literary creation, his poems are full of political color, which directly serves his political struggle. Wang Anshi's prose is mostly political. According to the profound analysis, it is very convincing to put forward a clear proposition. For example, answering Sima Guang's suggestion and analyzing Sima Guang's criticism of the new law is concise, tactful and firm, which shows his political attitude of adhering to principles. Wang Anshi's prose pays more attention to the persuasiveness of theory than to brewing atmosphere, describing objects and impressing readers emotionally. Therefore, his prose is generally excellent in conception and strong in sense. The language is simple and simple, which is also the result of his literary proposition. Like prose, Wang Anshi's poems are full of political content, with obvious tendency, showing sympathy for the people, melancholy for the social future and resistance to traditional ideas, fully expressing his lofty political ambitions and positive attitude towards life. Many of his ancient poems are also entrusted with his lofty political aspirations and critical spirit. After retiring in his later years, the change of life and mood caused the change of poetic style, and he created many poems describing lakes and mountains, paying more attention to the tempering of poetic art. There are many famous works, such as "boating in Guazhou" and "Guazhou in Jingkou is separated by several mountains". Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me? "These poems are novel and unique, refined words and sentences are appropriate and natural, and the art is indeed better than in earlier years.
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Jingkou
Jingkou is today's Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, close to the Yangtze River, and Guazhou is an island on the other side (now it is gone). Because it is also the Yangtze River exit of the Grand Canal, the water traffic is very busy. The name Zhenjiang has been used for more than 800 years. The evolution of the name of Zhenjiang reflects that Zhenjiang has always been an important political center and a battleground for military strategists. Since 1985, Zhenjiang has been listed as an open coastal city, a key tourist city and a famous historical and cultural city in China. 1987, Zhenjiang port was officially opened to foreign ships, and the port management service facilities such as customs and commodity inspection were relatively complete. Since then, the name "Zhenjiang" has gained great fame and spread all over five continents.
Guazhou
Guazhou is located in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province today. Guazhou Gudu Scenic Area is a national water conservancy scenic area, located at the intersection of the lower reaches of the ancient canal and the Yangtze River in Yangzhou, and it is 15km away from the famous historical and cultural city of Yangzhou. Runyang Highway Bridge, Zhenjiang Qidu and Yangzhou Port are neighbors, and Zhenjiang Jinshan Temple faces the park across the river. It is the throat connecting generations of people in the north and south of the Yangtze River, and it is a famous Millennium temple. Flowing to the ancient ferry head in Guazhou. " This ancient ferry has existed for thousands of years. Jian Zhen, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, set sail from here and sailed eastward to Japan. Emperor Kanggan and poets of past dynasties passed through Guazhou, leaving many well-known poems. The story of Du Shiniang's Wrath Box happened here. Ancient Ferry Site, Imperial Monument Pavilion and Zaojing Pavilion have become good places for Chinese and foreign guests to explore ancient times.
Zhongshan
There is Zhongshan in Nanjing. Located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Zhongshan Scenic Area is one of the first national scenic spots in China. It is centered on the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, including two major areas, Purple Mountain and Xuanwu Lake, with a total area of about 45 square kilometers. It has beautiful natural scenery and rich historical relics, and is called "Jinling Yu Xiu". Zhongshan is a relic of Maoshan Mountain in the south of the Yangtze River, which spans the Zhonghua Gate in Nanjing and was called Jinling in ancient times. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wu Dong once called it Shan Jiang. It is 7.4 kilometers long from east to west, 3 kilometers wide from north to south and about 20 kilometers in circumference. Winding ups and downs, thrown into the Youlong, so the ancients called it "the dragon symbol plate". There are purple shale formations on the mountain, and Zijin shines from a distance under the sunlight, so people also call it Zijin Mountain. There are three peaks in the mountain: the north peak, the main peak, is the highest peak in Jinling, with an altitude of 468 meters; The second peak is in the southeast, named Xiaomaoshan, with an altitude of 360 meters, and the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is at its southern foot. The third peak is located in the southwest. Because the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom once built Tianbaoshan on the mountain, it is called Tianbaoshan, with an altitude of 250 meters. The famous Purple Mountain Observatory was built on the top of this mountain. Xuanwu Lake is located in the west of Zhongshan and the north of Nanjing. It was called Sangbo in ancient times, also known as Houhu. The scenery is beautiful. Now Xuanwu Lake Park is built, covering an area of 4.7 square kilometers, of which the water surface accounts for about 3.7 square kilometers, and it lives around the lake. Small bridges are connected, the lake is rippling, the island is lush with green trees and picturesque green hills, and it is also a "treasure land" for scenic tourism in Jinling. There are also ancient Taicheng ruins, Jiming Temple and Arctic Pavilion nearby. Address: Nanjing Zhongshan Scenic Area is located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.